DRUG STUDY

Drug Name Dosage/ Indication Mechanism of Contraindicatio Side effects Adverse Nursing
Frequency/ Action n effects Responsibilitie
route s
Generic: Dosage: 50 mg - Tramadol is - Tramadol is a -Tramadol - Common - Adverse Administer
Tramadol indicated for centrally acting μ- should not be side effects effects can tramadol as
Frequency: Every postoperative opioid receptor used in may include include prescribed,
Brand: 4-6 hours as pain relief in agonist and SNRI combination dizziness, Nausea, ensuring the
Ultram needed for pain patients (serotonin/ fatigue, Dizziness, correct dosage
with MAO
recovering from norepinephrine headache, drowsiness, for the child's
inhibitors or
Route: Oral appendicitis. It reuptake-inhibitor) constipation constipation weight and age.
serotonin-
Classification can help that is structurally , dry mouth, , headache,
manage relatedto codeine an precursors (suc sweating. dry mouth Regularly assess
: Opiate
moderate pain d morphine. h as L- and pain levels using
(narcotic)
after an Tramadol binds tryptophan, sweating age-appropriate
analgesics
appendectomy, weakly to κ- and δ- oxitriptan) and pain scales.
especially when opioid receptors and should be used
non-opioid to the μ-opioid with caution in Monitor vital
analgesics are receptor with 6000- combination signs, including
insufficient. It's fold less affinity than with other respiratory rate,
important to morphine. to detect any
serotonergic
assess the respiratory
drugs (triptans,
patient's overall depression.
condition and
certain tricyclic
any potential antidepressants Observe for
contraindication , lithium, St. adverse effects
s before John's Wort) such as nausea,
prescribing. due to the risk dizziness, or
of serotonin sedation.
syndrome. Monitor bowel
movements to
manage
potential
constipation.

Explain the
purpose of
tramadol to the
child and
caregivers,
emphasizing
adherence to
the prescribed
regimen and
potential side
effects.

Ensure a safe
environment to
prevent falls
due to dizziness
or drowsiness.

Provide
emotional
support to the
child and family,
addressing any
concerns and
encouraging
questions.

Ensure follow-
up
appointments
 are scheduled
to monitor
recovery and
adjust pain
management as
needed.

Drug name Dosage/Frequency/ Indication Mechanism of Contraindication Side Effects Adverse Nursing Responsibilities
route action Effects
 Generic: Dosage: 30mg Treatment of Omeprazole Omeprazole is - Common side - Long-term - Monitor vital signs
Omeprazole gastroesophagea inhibits the contraindicated effects may use of PPIs like regularly.
Frequency: once l reflux disease proton pump in individuals include nausea, Omeprazole - Ensure omeprazole is
Brand Name: daily, (GERD) and in gastric with a known vomiting, may be given at the correct dose
Prilosec headache, and schedule. Administer
peptic ulcers; parietal cells, hypersensitivity associated
Route: Oral Flatulence with or without food as
may be used in reducing to PPIs or any of with an
prescribed, and provide
appendicitis gastric acid the formulation increased risk instructions on how to take
Classification: cases to prevent secretion and components of bone it if using capsules.
Proton pump- gastric acid- increasing fractures, - Observe for adverse
inhibitors related gastric pH. particularly in effects such as headache,
complications, the hip, wrist, nausea, or diarrhea.
especially if the and spine. Monitor for signs of
child is on - There have magnesium deficiency if
analgesics or been rare the child is on long-term
antibiotics. reports of therapy.
- Educate the child and
severe liver
caregivers about the
problems.
purpose of omeprazole,
potential side effects, and
the importance of
adherence to the
medication schedule.
- Document the
administration of
omeprazole, any side
effects noted, and the
child’s response to
treatment.
 Drug Name Dosage/ Indication Mechanism of Contraindication Side Effects Adverse Effects Nursing Responsibilities
Frequency/ Action
Route
Generic Name: Dosage: 1/2 cup It is indicated - Ketorolac Hypersensitivity - Nausea - - Monitor vital signs and
Ketorolac for short term inhibits key to ketorolac or Vomiting Gastrointestinal assess pain levels
Frequency: Every 8 management of pathways in other NSAIDs. Abdominal Bleeding: regularly.
Brand Name: hours acute pain that prostaglandin pain Monitor for - Administer ketorolac
signs of as prescribed, ensuring
Toradol. requires the synthesis Risk of Diarrhea
bleeding (e.g., the correct dosage and
Route: Oral calibre of pain which is gastrointestinal Dizziness
dark stools, route (oral or
management crucial to it's bleeding. Headache vomiting injectable).
offered by mechanism of blood). - Observe for side
opioids. action. May worsen Renal Toxicity: effects and adverse
Classification: Clinicians may Although kidney function. Monitor kidney reactions, especially
Ketorolac is choose to ketorolac is function, gastrointestinal
classified as a initiate non-selective Recent Surgery: especially with symptoms and renal
nonsteroidal ketorolac to and inhibits Especially in prolonged use. function.
anti- manage post- both COX-1 cases where Allergic - Explain the purpose
inflammatory operative pain. and COX-2 bleeding risk is Reactions: of ketorolac to the child
Watch for rash, and caregivers,
drug (NSAID) enzymes, it's high.
itching, or emphasizing adherence
clinical efficacy
swelling. and potential side
is derived Cardiovascular effects.
from it's COX-2 Effects: - Ensure a safe
inhibition. The Potential for environment, as
COX-2 enzyme increased blood dizziness may occur.
is inducible pressure. - Record the
and is administration, the
responsible child's response, and
for converting any side effects
arachidonic observed.
 acid to - Ensure follow-up
prostaglandins assessments are
that mediate scheduled to monitor
inflammation the child’s recovery and
reassess pain
and pain. By
management needs.
blocking this
pathway,
ketorolac
achieves
analgesia and
reduces
inflammation.

Drug Name Dosage/ Indication Mechanism of Contraindication Side Effects Adverse Effects Nursing Responsibilities
Frequency/ Action
Route
Generic Name: Dosage: 3.9 mg - Inhibits cell - Allergy to Common: - CNS: fever, Monitor vital signs,
Piperacillin- IVTT Piperacillin/ wall during piperacillin, Nausea, headache, insomnia. especially temperature
tazobactam is bacterial tazobactam, or vomiting, seizures, agitation, and signs of infection.
Tazobactam
specifically multiplication other β-lactam diarrhea, anxiety, dizziness.
Frequency: (-) indicated for antibiotics (e.g., headache, pain Assess for any history
Brand Name: night (anst) treating post-
penicillin). rash. of allergies to penicillin
Zosyn. appendectom
y peritonitis
Caution in CV: arrhythmia, or cephalosporins.
Route: IV patients with a Less chest pain, edema.
in patients
Classification: history of severe Common: hypertension,
aged 2 Administer IV as
This medication allergic reactions Elevated liver tachycardia
months and ordered, ensuring
is classified as a older. it is a (anaphylaxis) to enzymes, proper dilution and
combination suitable other antibiotics. changes in EENT: rhinitis
choice for a
infusion rate.
antibiotic. kidney
patient who function tests. Gl: diarrhea,
has constipation, Observe for signs of
undergone an
nausea. allergic reactions,
appendectom especially during the
pseudomembranous
y and
colitis, abdominal first dose.
developed
peritonitis, a pain, vomiting
serious Monitor for
infection of gastrointestinal
the symptoms (diarrhea,
abdominal
abdominal pain).
lining.

Patient Education:

Instruct the patient

and family on the
importance of
completing the full
course of antibiotics.
 Educate about
potential side effects
and when to seek
medical attention
(e.g., signs of an
allergic reaction).

Record the patient’s

response to therapy,
any side effects, and
lab results.

Drug Name Dosage/Frequency Indication Mechanism of Contraindication Side Effects Adverse Effects Nursing Responsibilities
and Route Action
Generic Name: Dosage: 250 mg Mefenamic acid Anti- Contraindicated common: Nausea, CNS: headache, Evaluate the child's
Mefenamic Acid is indicated for inflammatory with vomiting, dizziness, pain level using an age-
Route: Oral the relief of mild analgesic, and hypersensitivity diarrhea, insomnia appropriate pain scale
Brand Name: to moderate antipyretic to mefenamic headache, rash. before and after
Ponstel Frequency: q6 pain, including activities related acid, aspirin Dermatologic: administration.
hours postoperative to inhibition of allergy, and as Less Common: rash, pruritus,
pain after prostaglandin treatment of Elevated liver sweating Ensure the correct
procedures such synthesis; exact perioperative enzymes, changes dosage is calculated
Classification: as mechanisms of pain with in kidney function Gl: nausea, GI based on the child’s
Mefenamic acid appendectomy. action are not coronary artery tests. pain, diarrhea, weight and age.
is classified as a known bypass grafting constipation
nonsteroidal Administer the
anti- GU: dysuria, medication as
inflammatory renal prescribed, typically
drug (NSAID). impairment orally. Ensure the child
Hematologic: can swallow the
bleeding, medication properly.
platelet
inhibition with Administer at regular
higher doses, intervals to maintain
neutropenia effective pain control.

Respiratory: Monitor for changes in

dyspnea vital signs, especially if
hemoptysis, the child exhibits
pharyngitis symptoms of pain or
discomfort.
Other:
peripheral Watch for signs of
edema, gastrointestinal distress
anaphylactoid (e.g., abdominal pain,
reactions to nausea, vomiting) and
anaphylactic allergic reactions (e.g.,
shock rash, swelling).

each the family about

the purpose of
mefenamic acid, how it
works, and the
importance of adhering
to the prescribed
regimen

Inform them about

potential side effects
and when to seek
medical attention (e.g.,
signs of severe
gastrointestinal
bleeding or allergic
reactions).

Document the
medication
administration,
including the time,
dose, route, and the
child’s response to the
medication.