PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT AND ETHICAL STANDARDS

Conduct – a manner which a person behaves especially on a particular occasion or

in a particular context.
- A mode or standard of personal behavior especially based on moral
principles.
Ethics – a branch of science of philosophy that studies the principles of right and
wrong in human conduct.
- It is the essence of doing right thing, whatever that maybe. The right
thing is based on the values that society holds dear.
Ethical principles – are premised on the notion that right is always right and
wrong is always wrong.
Ethics is derived from the Greek word “Ethos” which means characteristics way
of acting and Ethikos which means customary.
TWO DIVISION OF ETHICS
1. General Ethics – it is the study of the general principles of morality.
2. Special Ethics – it is also the study of the application of the general
principles of morality; included in this division is the category of
professional ethics.
Police Ethics – is an example of professional ethics.
- A practical science that treats the principles of human morality and duty
as applied to law enforcement.
ACTS OF MAN – an act of sensation or appetition (Biological, Psychological,
Emotional)
HUMAN ACTS – an act done in the deliberate freewill with intention. An act of
which a man is master, to do or not to do.
ELEMENTS OF HUMAN ACT
1. KNOWINGLY – when a person fully understands what he/she doing and
has the ability to appreciate the consequences of his action.
2. DELIBERATELY – when a person did his action intentionally.
 3. FREELY – when a person performed his action voluntarily.
MODIFIERS OF HUMAN ACTS
1. Habit – repetitive action
2. Violence – Abuses (physical, emotional, psychological)
3. Fear – there is presence of danger.
4. Ignorance – absence of knowledge that is ought to be present.
5. Concupiscence – bodily appetites ‘passion’.
Morality is derived from Latin word “Mos/Mores/Moralitas” which means habit,
custom, manner and character.
MORALITY - quality which makes an act good or bad, good or evil, right or
wrong.
3 DISTINCTIONS OF MORALITY
1. MORAL – an act of doing good and right.
2. IMMORAL – an act of doing bad, wrong and evil.
3. AMORAL – an act of doing neither good or bad.
VALUES – anything that a person considers important in life such as material
things ideas and experiences.

KIND OF VALUES
1. BIOLOGICAL VALUES – those that are necessary for survival such
as, food, shelter, clothes, water, sleep and sex.
2. PSYCHOLOGICAL VALUES – those are that necessary for
emotional fulfillment of man such as, relationships, companionship,
family, friendships and love.
3. INTELLECTUAL VALUES – those that are necessary for
intellectual fulfillment of man, such as achievements, career and
success.
4. MORAL VALUES – those that are necessary for spiritual fulfillment
of man.

VIRTUE – a habit that inclines the person to act in a way that harmonizes with his
nature. A habit of doing good.
 FOUR MORAL CARDINAL VIRTUES
1. PRUDENCE – the ability to govern and discipline oneself by means of
reason and sound judgement.
2. TEMPERANCE – one’s ability to moderate or avoid something.
3. FORTITUDE – the virtue that allows us to overcome fear and to remain
steady in our will in the face of obstacles.
 Patience – calmness and composure in enduring situations.
 Perseverance – the ability to go on despite of the obstacles.
 Endurance – the ability to last.

4. JUSTICE – the virtue that inclines the will to give to each one of the rights.
is also the principles of equality and fairness.
THREE DIVISION OF JUSTICE
 COMMUTATIVE – virtue that regulates those actions that involves
the rights that exist between one and another.
 DISTRIBUTE -regulates those actions that involve the rights that
an individual may claim from society.
 LEGAL JUSTICE – virtue that regulates those actions which society
may justify, required of the individual for the common good.
World view – refers to how individuals interpret and understand event, situations
and people.
Research – is the acquisition of new knowledge through a purposive, organized,
and designed program of activities.
Ethical consideration – are set of principles that guide your research designs and
practices.
 Voluntary participation – it requires that people should not be forced
to participate in research.
 Informed consent – prospective research participants must be fully
informed about the procedures and risk involved in research.
 Confidentiality – which means no delicate information should be
made available to anyone who is not directly involved in the study.
 Anonymity – which means the participants must remain anonymous,
as much as possible, throughout the study and through publication.
The Philippine Bill of Rights and Constitutional Rights
Article III of the Philippine Constitution is the Bill of Rights. it
establishes the relationship of the individual to the state and defines the rights of
the individual. It is a declaration and enumeration of a person’s rights and
privileges which the constitution is designed to protect against violation by the
government or by the individual or group of individuals.

RIGHTS – anything that is owed or due. Anything that a person lawfully

demands.
HUMAN RIGHTS – rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of race,
sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status.
SUPREME RIGHTS – highest form of right.
INHERENT RIGHTS – rights attached to men as human.
INALIENABLE RIGHTS – rights cannot be transferred, cannot be borrowed and
cannot be taken away.
BASIC HUMAN RIGHTS
1. RIGHT TO LIFE
2. RIGHT TO LIBERTY
3. RIGHT TO PROPERTY
DUTY – anything we are obliged to do or to omit.
KINDS OF DUTY
1. NATURAL DUTY – A moral obligation that a person has to do what is
right regardless of any legal or contractual obligations.
2. POSITIVE DUTY – A moral obligation to aid or benefit others in a given
way in situations where they are in need of help.
3. AFFIRMATIVE DUTY – Involving or requiring effort.
4. NEGATIVE DUTY – A moral obligation not to harm or injure others in
a given way.
PNP CORE VALUES
- The police service is a noble profession that demands from its members
specialized knowledge and skills as well as high standards of ethics and
morality.
POLICE OFFICER’S CREED
 I believe in God the supreme being the great provider and the creator of all
men and everything dear to me.
 I believe that respect for authority is a duty.
 I believe in selfless love and service to people.
 I believe in the sanctity of marriage and family life.
 I believe in the responsible dominion and stewardship over material things.
 I believe in the wisdom of truthfulness.

PNP STAND ON BASIC ISSUES

1. PNP IMAGE - any organization affects the spirit de corps moral and
welfare of the members and the sense of pride and the organization.
2. CAREER MANAGEMENT - it will greatly enhance the personnel
professionalization process concerning procurement, training, promotion,
assignment, placement, awards and retirement.
3. POLICE MANAGEMENT LEADERSHIP - the effectiveness of the law
enforcement is reflective of the managerial capabilities and competent
leadership of men and women who run in the PNP organization.
4. EQUALITY IN THE SERVICE - there shall be judicious and equitable
distribution of opportunity to prove one's worth in the police service.
5. DELICADEZA - all members of the PNP must have the moral courage to
sacrifice self interest in keeping with the time honored.
6. POLICE LIFESTYLE - the PNP shall endeavor to promote a lifestyle for
every member of the organization that is accepted and respectable in the
eyes of the public.
7. POLITICAL PATRONAGE - all PNP members shall inhibit themselves
from soliciting on matters about assignment, award, training and promotion.
8. HUMAN RIGHTS - all PNP members must respect and protect human
dignity and man's inalienable rights to life liberty and property.

STANDARD OF POLICE PROFESSIONALISM

 - All PNP members shall perform their duties with integrity intelligence
and competence in the application of specialized skills and technical
knowledge.

POLICE PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT

1. COMMITMENT TO DEMOCRACY - Uniform PNP members shall

commit themselves to the democratic way of life and values and maintain
the principle of public accountability.
2. COMMITMENT TO PUBLIC INTEREST - PNP members shall always
uphold public interest over and above personal interest.
3. NON-PARTISANSHIP - PNP members shall provide services to everyone
without discrimination regardless of party affiliation under existing laws
and regulations.
4. PHYSICAL FITNESS AND HEALTH - PNP members shall strive to be
physically and mentally fit and in good health at all times.
5. SECRECY DISCIPLINE - PNP members shall guard the confidentiality
of classified information against an authorized disclosed including
confidential aspects of official business, special orders, communication and
other documents.
6. SOCIAL AWARENESS - PNP members and their immediate family
members shall be encouraged to actively get involved in religious, social
and civic activities to enhance the image of the organization without
affecting their official duties.
7. NON-SOLICITATION OF PATRONAGE - PNP members shall seek self-
improvement through career development and shall not directly or
indirectly solicit influence or recommendation from politicians high
ranking government official’s prominent citizens or person affiliated.
8. PROPER CARE AND USE OF PUBLIC PROPERTY - all PNP members
shall be responsible for the security proper care and use of public
property issue to them or deposited under their care and custody.
9. RESPECT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS - PNP members shall respect and
protect human dignity and uphold the human rights of all persons.
10. DEVOTION TO DUTY – PNP members shall perform the duties with
dedication thoroughness, efficiency enthusiasm, determination and manifest
concern for public welfare and shall refrain from engaging in any activity
which shall conflict with their duties as public servants.
11. CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES - PNP members shall
help in the development and conservation of our natural resources for the
 ecological balance and posterity as these are the inalienable heritage of our
people.
12. DISCIPLINE – all PNP members shall conduct themselves properly at all
times in keeping the rules and regulations of the organization.
13. LOYALTY - PNP members shall be loyal to the constitution and the
police service as manifested by their loyalty to their superiors’ peers and
subordinates as well.
14. OBEDIENCE TO SUPERIORS - all PNP members shall obey lawful
orders and be courteous to superior officers and other appropriate authorities
within the chain of command.
15. COMMAND RESPONSIBILITY - immediate commanders shall be
responsible for the effective supervision control and direction of their
personnel and shall see to it that all government resources shall be managed
expended or utilize the following laws and regulation.

PNP ETHICAL STANDARD

1. MORALITY - members shall adhere to high standards of morality and
decency and shall set good examples for others to follow.
2. JUDICIOUS USE OF AUTHORITY - PNP members shall exercise
proper and legitimate use of authority in the performance of duty.
3. INTEGRITY - PNP members shall not allow themselves to be a victim of
corruption and dishonest practices the following provision of Republic Act
6713 and other applicable laws.
4. JUSTICE - PNP members shall strive constantly to respect the rights of
others so that they can fulfill their duties and exercise their rights as human
being, parents, children, citizens, workers, leaders.
5. HUMILITY - PNP members shall recognize the fact that they are public
servants and not the masters of the people and towards this end they
should perform their duties without arrogance.
6. ORDERLINESS - PNP members shall follow original procedures in
accomplishing tasks assigned to them to minimize waste in the use of time,
money, and effort.
7. PERSEVERANCE - PNP members shall take legitimate means to achieve
the goal even in the face of internal or external difficulties and despite
anything which might weaken their resolve overtime.