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    TH1 2023-24

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    Tan Ch

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    TH1 2023-24

    Uploaded by

    Tan Ch
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    8 views2 pages

    TH1 2023-24

    Uploaded by

    Tan Ch

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Marco Zambon Master in Mathematics, 2023-24

    Differential Geometry

    Take Home Task 1

    1. [4 pts] Consider
    N = {(sin 2t, sin t) ∈ R2 : t ∈ R}.
    This is a subset of R2 , sometimes called the Figure Eight.
    a) Consider
    φ : N → (0, 2π), (sin 2t, sin t) 7→ t
    where t ∈ (0, 2π). φ is a bijective map (you don’t need to show this, but convince
    yourself that it is true).
    Show that, for a specific choice of topology on N , {(N, φ)} is a smooth atlas defining
    a structure of differentiable manifold on N . Which is the underlying topology on N (i.e.
    the topology mentioned above)?
    b) Consider now
    ψ : N → (−π, π), (sin 2t, sin t) 7→ t,
    where t ∈ (−π, π). ψ is a bijective map (you don’t need to show this, but convince
    yourself that it is true).
    Show that {(N, ψ)} is a smooth atlas defining a structure of differentiable manifold
    on N . Which is the underlying topology on N ?
    c) Do the two atlases above define the same differentiable structure on N ?
    2. [2 points] Consider the map

    F : R3 → R, F (x, y, z) = ex yz − y 2 .

    a) Find all the regular values of F .


    b) Let c be a regular value of F . Is F −1 (c) the graph of a function z = fc (x, y)? If
    so, what is the maximal domain of definition of fc ?
    3. [4 points] Let X be a vector field on Rm such that for every p ∈ Rm the maximal
    integral curve of X going through p at time zero is defined on the whole of R.
    Consider the stereographic projection φ : S m − {N } → Rm , where N denotes the
    North Pole. Let Y be a vector field on the sphere S m such that its restriction to
    S m − {N } equals (φ−1 )∗ X.
    What can you say about Y |N , the value of Y at the North Pole?
    4. [6 points]
    On M = {(x, y) ∈ R2 : x > 0, y > 0} consider the vector fields

    x ∂ ∂ √ ∂
    X= + , Y = 2 xy .
    y ∂x ∂y ∂x

    1
    a) Compute the Lie bracket [X, Y ].
    b) Find in a constructive way a chart

    φ : M → R2 , ϕ(x, y) = (u(x, y), v(x, y))


    ∂ ∂
    which maps X and Y to the coordinate vector fields ∂u
    and ∂v
    .
    c) Check explicitly that the chart φ from b) has the desired property, by applying
    the derivative of φ.
    Hint for b): A way to proceed has as a starting point the following fact from the
    lectures: two vector fields Z and W are φ-related iff for all g ∈ C ∞ (R2 ) one has Z(φ∗ g) =
    φ∗ (W (g)).
    5. [4 pts] Let π : E → M be a vector bundle.
    a) Let s : M → E be a (smooth) section. Show that Im(s), the image of s, is a
    submanifold of E. What is its dimension?
    b) Given a (smooth) section s : M → E, denote by Z(s) the set of zeros of s, i.e.
    the collection of p ∈ M for which s(p) = 0 (the zero vector in the fiber π −1 (p)). Suppose
    that the section satisfies the following at every p ∈ Z(s):

    Tp M + Tp Im(s) = Tp E.

    Show that Z(s) is a submanifold of M . What is its dimension? In particular, what is


    its dimension when E = T M (so s is a vector field)?
    Remark: Here, as usual, we identify M with the zero section of the vector bundle E.
    Hint: Use appropriately the regular value set theorem.

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