Topic 9 Electrolytic Cells-Output

Topic 9 – Electrolytic cells www.msjchem.
com
Electrolytic cells
1. (i) Draw a diagram of apparatus that could be used to electrolyse molten
sodium chloride (NaCl).
(ii) Solid sodium chloride does not conduct electricity but molten sodium
chloride does. Explain this difference, and outline what happens in an
electrolytic cell during the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride using
carbon electrodes.
(iii) State the products formed and give equations showing the reactions at
each electrode.
(iv) State what practical use is made of this process.
2. (i) Draw a diagram of apparatus that could be used to electrolyse molten

potassium bromide. Label the diagram to show the polarity of each
electrode and the product formed.
(ii) Describe the two different ways in which electricity is conducted in the
apparatus.
(iii) Write an equation to show the formation of the product at each electrode.
Determine the mole ratio in which the substances are formed.
MSJChem – tutorials for IB chemistry www.msjchem.com

Topic 9 – Oxidation states www.msjchem.com
Oxidation states
1. Deduce the oxidation states of the following:
O2(g) S8(s) F2(g)
N2(g) Al(s) Fe(s)
Cu(s) Mn(s) Na(s)
2. Deduce the oxidation states of the following ions:
F-(aq) Cl-(aq) Na+(aq)
Mg2+(aq) Al3+(aq) Fe2+(aq)
Cu+(aq) Mn2+(aq) O2-(aq)
3. Deduce the oxidation states of the species in bold in the following compounds:
CO2(g) NH3(g) H2SO3(aq)
Fe2O3(s) SiF4(g) KIO3(aq)
Na2SO4(s) H2O2(l) Na2Cr2O7(s)
4. Deduce the oxidation state of the species in bold in the following polyatomic ions:
CO32- NO3- SO42-
PO43- NO2- SO32-
5. Deduce the oxidation state of the metal ion in the following:
iron(II) oxide manganese(IV) oxide manganate(VII) ion
chromium(III) oxide copper(I) chloride copper(II) chloride

Topic 9 – Voltaic cells www.msjchem.com
Voltaic cells
1) Zinc is higher in the activity series than copper. Draw an annotated diagram of a voltaic
cell made from a zinc half-cell and a copper half-cell. Write half equations for the reactions
that occur in each half-cell and describe how the current is conducted.
2) Magnesium is higher in the activity series than iron. Draw an annotated diagram of a
voltaic cell made from a magnesium half-cell and an iron half-cell. Write half equations for
the reactions that occur in each half-cell and describe how the current is conducted.

Part A:
In the following questions, give the oxidation number of the indicated atoms/ion.
1. N in N2O3 __________ 16. C in CH4 __________
2. S in H2SO4 __________ 17. Mn in MnO2 __________
3. C __________ 18. S in SO32- __________
4. C in CO __________ 19. Mg2+ __________
5. Na in NaCl __________ 20. Cl- __________
6. H in H2O __________ 21. O2 __________
7. Ba in BaCl2 __________ 22. P4 __________
8. N in NO2- __________ 23. Na in Na2S __________
9. S in Al2S3 __________ 24. S in H2S __________
10. S in HSO4- __________ 25. Ca2+ __________
11. Cl in Fe(ClO2)3 __________ 26. C in CN- __________
12. Fe in Fe(ClO2)3 __________ 27. H in OH- __________
13. N in NO3- __________ 28. Mn in KMnO4 __________
14. Cu2+ __________ 29. I in Mg(IO3)2 __________
15. Zn2+ __________ 30. C in C2O42- __________
 The School For Excellence 2019 ATAR Central – Chemistry Page 1

Part B:
Identify the species being oxidised and reduced in each of the following reactions and write their
half reactions:
1. 2 Cr+ + Sn4+ → 2 Cr3+ + Sn2+
Oxidised: Reduced:
2. 3 Hg2+ + 2 Fe (s) → 3 Hg2 + 2 Fe3+
Oxidised: Reduced:
3. 2 As (s) + 3 Cl2 (g) → 2 AsCl3.
Oxidised: Reduced:
4. Zn + Cu2+ → Zn2+ + Cu
Oxidized: Reduced:
5. C + H2SO4 → CO2 + SO2 + H2O
Oxidised: Reduced:
6. HNO3 + HI → NO + I2 + H2O
Oxidised: Reduced:
7. KMnO4 + HCl → MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O + KCl
Oxidised: Reduced:
8. Sb + HNO3 → Sb2O3 + NO + H2O
Oxidised: Reduced:

Part C:
Which one of the following reactions is NOT a redox reaction?
(a) 2Cr(2aq+ ) + 2 H (+aq) → 2Cr(3aq

+
) + H 2( g )
(b) ( NH 4 ) 2 Cr2O7( s ) → N 2( g ) + 4 H 2O( g ) + Cr2O3( s )
(c) 2CrO42(−aq) + 2H (+aq) → Cr2 O72(−aq) + H 2 O( l )
(d) Cr2O3( s ) + 3C( s ) → 2Cr( s ) + 3CO( g )
As

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Topic 9 – Electrolytic cells www.msjchem.

(iv) State what practical use is made of this process.

2. (i) Draw a diagram of apparatus that could be used to electrolyse molten

MSJChem – tutorials for IB chemistry www.msjchem.com

O2(g) S8(s) F2(g)

N2(g) Al(s) Fe(s)

Cu(s) Mn(s) Na(s)

2. Deduce the oxidation states of the following ions:

F-(aq) Cl-(aq) Na+(aq)

Mg2+(aq) Al3+(aq) Fe2+(aq)

Cu+(aq) Mn2+(aq) O2-(aq)

CO2(g) NH3(g) H2SO3(aq)

Fe2O3(s) SiF4(g) KIO3(aq)

Na2SO4(s) H2O2(l) Na2Cr2O7(s)

CO32- NO3- SO42-

PO43- NO2- SO32-

5. Deduce the oxidation state of the metal ion in the following:

iron(II) oxide manganese(IV) oxide manganate(VII) ion

chromium(III) oxide copper(I) chloride copper(II) chloride

MSJChem – tutorials for IB chemistry www.msjchem.com

MSJChem – tutorials for IB chemistry www.msjchem.com

1. N in N2O3 __________ 16. C in CH4 __________

2. S in H2SO4 __________ 17. Mn in MnO2 __________

3. C __________ 18. S in SO32- __________

4. C in CO __________ 19. Mg2+ __________

5. Na in NaCl __________ 20. Cl- __________

6. H in H2O __________ 21. O2 __________

7. Ba in BaCl2 __________ 22. P4 __________

8. N in NO2- __________ 23. Na in Na2S __________

9. S in Al2S3 __________ 24. S in H2S __________

10. S in HSO4- __________ 25. Ca2+ __________

11. Cl in Fe(ClO2)3 __________ 26. C in CN- __________

12. Fe in Fe(ClO2)3 __________ 27. H in OH- __________

13. N in NO3- __________ 28. Mn in KMnO4 __________

14. Cu2+ __________ 29. I in Mg(IO3)2 __________

15. Zn2+ __________ 30. C in C2O42- __________

 The School For Excellence 2019 ATAR Central – Chemistry Page 1

1. 2 Cr+ + Sn4+ → 2 Cr3+ + Sn2+

2. 3 Hg2+ + 2 Fe (s) → 3 Hg2 + 2 Fe3+

3. 2 As (s) + 3 Cl2 (g) → 2 AsCl3.

5. C + H2SO4 → CO2 + SO2 + H2O

7. KMnO4 + HCl → MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O + KCl

8. Sb + HNO3 → Sb2O3 + NO + H2O

 The School For Excellence 2019 ATAR Central – Chemistry Page 2

Which one of the following reactions is NOT a redox reaction?

(a) 2Cr(2aq+ ) + 2 H (+aq) → 2Cr(3aq

(b) ( NH 4 ) 2 Cr2O7( s ) → N 2( g ) + 4 H 2O( g ) + Cr2O3( s )

(c) 2CrO42(−aq) + 2H (+aq) → Cr2 O72(−aq) + H 2 O( l )

(d) Cr2O3( s ) + 3C( s ) → 2Cr( s ) + 3CO( g )

 The School For Excellence 2019 ATAR Central – Chemistry Page 3

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1. N in N2O3 16. C in CH4

2. S in H2SO4 17. Mn in MnO2

3. C 18. S in SO32-

4. C in CO 19. Mg2+

5. Na in NaCl 20. Cl-

6. H in H2O 21. O2

7. Ba in BaCl2 22. P4

8. N in NO2- 23. Na in Na2S

9. S in Al2S3 24. S in H2S

10. S in HSO4- 25. Ca2+

11. Cl in Fe(ClO2)3 26. C in CN-

12. Fe in Fe(ClO2)3 27. H in OH-

13. N in NO3- 28. Mn in KMnO4

14. Cu2+ 29. I in Mg(IO3)2

15. Zn2+ 30. C in C2O42-