Day 08 To 12 Objectives

Day: 08 Objective:
08- Integrate of theoretical knowledge and nursing care for clients undergoing
diagnostic procedures:
Evidence 08:
Integration of theoretical knowledge and nursing Care for clients undergoing
diagnostic procedures:
Patient Information:
Patient Name : Irshad
Age: 48
Gender: Male
Ward: Gastro
MR No: 77757
Chief Complaint: Blood in Vottimg
1. X-rays
Theoretical Knowledge:
- X-rays use ionizing radiation to produce images of internal structures.

- Indications: bone fractures, lung diseases, foreign body detection.
Nursing Care:
- Prepare client physically (remove jewelry, clothing) and emotionally (explain

procedure).
- Ensure client remains still during procedure.
- Monitor for radiation exposure.
- Provide written instructions for post-procedure care.
2. Ultrasound
- Ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to produce images of internal

structures.
- Indications: fetal monitoring, gallstones, kidney stones.
Nursing Care:
- Prepare client physically (expose area) and emotionally (explain procedure).

- Ensure client remains still and cooperative.
- Assist sonographer with positioning.
- Provide emotional support during procedure.
3. Pathological Lab Report
- Laboratory tests analyze blood, urine, or tissue samples for diagnostic

purposes.
- Indications: infection, cancer, metabolic disorders.
Nursing Care:
- Prepare client for blood draw or sample collection.

- Ensure proper labeling and handling of samples.
- Provide emotional support during waiting period.
- Interpret results in collaboration with healthcare team.
4. Upper GIT Endoscopy
- Endoscopy visualizes the upper gastrointestinal tract using a flexible tube.

- Indications: bleeding, obstruction, cancer screening.
Nursing Care:
- Prepare client physically (NPO status) and emotionally (explain procedure).

- Administer sedation as ordered.
- Monitor vital signs and oxygen saturation.
- Provide emotional support during recovery.
Pre-Procedural Care
1. Informed consent
2. Medical history review
3. Allergy assessment
4. Medication management
5. Client education
Post-Procedural Care
1. Monitor vital signs

2. Manage discomfort or pain
3. Provide written instructions
4. Emotional support
5. Follow-up appointments
Nursing Responsibilities
1. Client assessment and preparation

2. Procedure assistance
3. Monitoring and documentation
4. Client education and support
5. Collaboration with healthcare team
By integrating theoretical knowledge with nursing care, healthcare

professionals can provide high-quality, patient-centered care during diagnostic
procedures.
Evidence 09:
Integrating knowledge about pathophysiology, nutrition and pharmacology for
client experiencing disorder:
Patient Name: Naseema

W/O : Ali Nawaz
Age: 60years
Gender: Female
Address: Tando Allah Yar
Ward : Urology
Bed no: 04
Hospital Registration no: 97480
Complaint: Urethral Cancer ( CA )
Comprehensive Care Plan for Naseema W/O Ali Nawaz
Integrated Care Plan
Pathophysiology
- Carcinogenesis: Genetic mutations and epigenetic changes

- Tumor growth: Invasion of surrounding tissues
- Metastasis: Spread to regional lymph nodes and distant organs
Pharmacology
- Chemotherapy: Cisplatin, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), Mitomycin C, Gemcitabine

- Hormonal Therapy: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), anti-androgens
(e.g., bicalutamide)
- Pain Management: Opioids (e.g., morphine), NSAIDs, gabapentin
- Urinary Symptoms: Alpha-blockers (e.g., tamsulosin), anticholinergics (e.g.,
oxybutynin), muscle relaxants (e.g., baclofen)
Nutrition
- General Nutrition Guidelines: Maintain adequate nutrition, hydration,

balanced diet
- Specific Nutritional Considerations:
- Antioxidant-rich foods (fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds)
- Omega-3 fatty acids (fatty fish, flaxseeds, walnuts)
- Probiotics (yogurt, kefir, fermented vegetables)
- Vitamin D (fatty fish, fortified dairy, sunlight)
- Calcium (dairy, leafy greens, fortified plant-based milk)
Nursing Interventions
1. Monitor vital signs and medication side effects

2. Provide emotional support and counseling
3. Manage pain, urinary symptoms, and incontinence
4. Encourage balanced diet and hydration
5. Collaborate with healthcare team for comprehensive care
Goals
1. Improve overall health and well-being

2. Manage urethral cancer symptoms
3. Prevent complications and metastasis
4. Enhance quality of life
5. Promote patient education and self-care
Evaluation
- Regular monitoring of vital signs, medication side effects, and nutrition status
- Assessment of pain, urinary symptoms, and incontinence management
- Evaluation of patient's emotional and psychological well-being
By integrating knowledge of pathophysiology, pharmacology, and nutrition,

healthcare professionals can provide comprehensive care for Naseema W/O Ali
Nawaz, addressing her physical, emotional, and psychological needs.
Day 10: Objective

Begin recognize the need for integrating Research-Based information in the
care of clients
Evidence 10:
Recognized the need for integrating Research-Based information in the care of
client is:
Legal and ethical issues in nursing practice are critical as they ensure patient
safety, uphold professional integrity, and promote trust in the healthcare
system.
Legal Issues
1. Patient Consent: Nurses must ensure that patients give informed consent
before any treatment, understanding the risks and benefits involved.
2. Confidentiality: Protecting patient privacy is a legal obligation under laws

such as HIPAA. Breaches can lead to legal consequences.
3. Scope of Practice: Nurses must work within the boundaries of their licensure
and training, adhering to state and federal regulations.
Ethical Issues
1. Autonomy: Respecting patients' rights to make their own decisions about

their care is fundamental in nursing ethics.
2. Beneficence and Nonmaleficence: Nurses have a duty to act in the best

interest of patients and to avoid harm, balancing benefits and risks in
treatment plans.
3. Justice: Ensuring fair access to care and resources, regardless of a patient's

background or situation, is crucial in ethical nursing practice.
Importance
Understanding these issues helps nurses navigate complex situations, advocate
for patients, and maintain professional standards. It fosters a culture of
accountability and ethical decision-making, ultimately enhancing patient care
and outcomes.
Day 11: Objectives
Demonstrate the role of a nurse as a health educator.
The role of a nurse as a health educator involves several key responsibilities:

1. Assessment of Learning Needs: Nurses evaluate patients' understanding of
health conditions, treatments, and lifestyle choices to tailor education
effectively.
2. Providing Information: They deliver clear, accurate, and relevant information
about health conditions, medications, and preventive measures, often using
teach-back methods to ensure comprehension.
3. Promoting Healthy Behaviors: Nurses encourage healthy lifestyle choices,
such as nutrition, exercise, and smoking cessation, often by providing
resources and support.
4. Developing Educational Materials: They create or curate educational
resources, such as pamphlets or digital content, to reinforce learning and
provide ongoing support.
5. Facilitating Communication: Nurses act as a bridge between patients and
other healthcare providers, ensuring that patients understand their treatment
plans and the rationale behind them.
6. Empowerment and Advocacy: They empower patients to take an active role
in their health by providing tools and strategies for self-management and
advocating for their needs within the healthcare system.
7. Continuing Education: Nurses stay updated on the latest health information
and educational techniques, often participating in professional development to
enhance their teaching skills.
Through these activities, nurses play a crucial role in promoting health literacy
and improving patient outcomes.
Day 12: Objective

Use a sound knowledge base in providing nursing care to adults in the hospital.
Evidence 12:
Providing nursing care to adults in a hospital setting involves several key
components rooted in evidence-based practice.
Patient Name: Khabar Ali

Age: 22 years
Ward: Urology
Bed No.: 19
Address: TMK
Assessment:
Subjective Data:
The patient reports experiencing right flank pain for the past month and
urinary retention for the past four days.
Objective Data:
Vital Signs:
BP: 120/80 mmHg
Pulse: 80 bpm
SpO2: 100%
Temperature: Afebrile
Nursing Diagnosis:
1. Acute Pain: Related to potential renal issues or urinary obstruction.

2. Impaired Urinary Elimination: Related to urine retention and possible
obstruction.
Planning Goals:
1. The patient will report a decrease in pain levels.

2. The patient will demonstrate effective urinary elimination.
3. The patient will verbalize understanding of the condition and management.
Implementation:
1. Pain Management: Administer prescribed analgesics and use non-

pharmacological methods (e.g., heat application, relaxation techniques).
2. Urinary Interventions: Encourage fluid intake to promote urinary output
(unless contraindicated) and perform bladder scans to assess for retention.
3. Prepare for potential catheterization if the patient is unable to void or if
urinary retention is severe.
4. Monitor Vital Signs: Regularly check for signs of infection or changes in
condition.
Patient Education:
1. Condition Awareness: Educate the patient about possible causes of flank

pain and urine retention (e.g., kidney stones, infections).
2. Self-Care: Instruct on hydration, signs of infection, and when to seek help.
Evaluation:
1. Pain Levels: Reassess pain regularly and adjust pain management strategies
as needed.
2. Urinary Output: Monitor changes in urinary output and retention status.
3. Patient Understanding: Evaluate the patient's understanding of their
condition and care plan.
By following this plan, you can effectively address the patient's symptoms
while promoting their overall well-being.

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Day: 08 Objective:

- X-rays use ionizing radiation to produce images of internal structures.

- Prepare client physically (remove jewelry, clothing) and emotionally (explain

- Ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to produce images of internal

- Prepare client physically (expose area) and emotionally (explain procedure).

3. Pathological Lab Report

- Laboratory tests analyze blood, urine, or tissue samples for diagnostic

- Prepare client for blood draw or sample collection.

4. Upper GIT Endoscopy

- Endoscopy visualizes the upper gastrointestinal tract using a flexible tube.

- Prepare client physically (NPO status) and emotionally (explain procedure).

1. Monitor vital signs

1. Client assessment and preparation

By integrating theoretical knowledge with nursing care, healthcare

Patient Name: Naseema

Comprehensive Care Plan for Naseema W/O Ali Nawaz

Integrated Care Plan

- Carcinogenesis: Genetic mutations and epigenetic changes

- Chemotherapy: Cisplatin, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), Mitomycin C, Gemcitabine

- General Nutrition Guidelines: Maintain adequate nutrition, hydration,

1. Monitor vital signs and medication side effects

1. Improve overall health and well-being

By integrating knowledge of pathophysiology, pharmacology, and nutrition,

Day 10: Objective

2. Confidentiality: Protecting patient privacy is a legal obligation under laws

1. Autonomy: Respecting patients' rights to make their own decisions about

2. Beneficence and Nonmaleficence: Nurses have a duty to act in the best

3. Justice: Ensuring fair access to care and resources, regardless of a patient's

The role of a nurse as a health educator involves several key responsibilities:

Day 12: Objective

Patient Name: Khabar Ali

1. Acute Pain: Related to potential renal issues or urinary obstruction.

1. The patient will report a decrease in pain levels.

1. Pain Management: Administer prescribed analgesics and use non-

1. Condition Awareness: Educate the patient about possible causes of flank

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