B.Sc.

Chemistry
Programme Code - UCH
(Aided & SF)
Revised I year syllabi for
2023-2026 batch
Programme outcome-PO (Aligned with Graduate Attributes)-Bachelor of Science
(B.Sc.,)
Scientific Knowledge and Critical Thinking
Apply the knowledge of Life Science, Physical and Chemical Science, Mathematics,
statistics, Computer science and humanities for the attainment of solutions to the problems
that come across in our day-to-day life/activities.
Problem Solving

Identify and analyze the problem and formulate solutions for problems using the principles of
mathematics, natural sciences with appropriate consideration for the public health, safety and
environmental considerations.
Communication and Computer Literacy

Communicate the fundamental and advanced concepts of their discipline in written and oral
form. Able to make appropriate and effective use of information and information technology
relevant to their discipline
Life-Long Learning
Recognize the need for and have the preparation and ability to engage in independent and
life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.
Ethical, Social and Professional Understanding
Commitment to principles, codes of conduct and social responsibility in order to behave
consistently with personal respect. Acquire the responsibility to contribute for the personal
development and for the development of the community. Respect the ethical values, social
responsibilities and diversity.
Innovative, Leadership and Entrepreneur Skill Development
Function as an individual, and as a member or leader in diverse teams and in
multidisciplinary settings. Become an entrepreneur by acquiring technical, communicative,
problem solving and intellectual skills.
 DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
Vision : To train our students as scientifically literate professionals with a sense of social
responsibilities.
Mission: (i)To make our students to understand the advancement of chemistry in all of its
branches through education and research.
(ii) To provide students with community need based research and outreach
opportunities.
(iii) To strive for an ideal balance between creation and knowledge dissemination in
the Chemical sciences.
(iv) To train our students to succeed in this competitive world.

BACHELOR OF CHEMISTRY
(PROGRAMMING CODE: UCH)
Program Educational Objectives (PEOs)
The objectives of the B.Sc Chemistry programme is to prepare-equip the students.

PEO1 To pursue further studies and succeed in academic and research careers.
PEO2 To develop productive employees in chemical, petrochemical and allied
industries.
PEO3 As all rounded professionals in terms of effective communication, skillful
execution, good leadership qualities and teamwork.
PEO4 To provide solutions for societal issues such as environmental protection,
occupational health and safety, resource management and appropriate business
skills.
PEO5 To develop life-long learning skills and abilities.

Program Specific Outcomes (PSOs)

On the successful completion of B.Sc Chemistry program students will be able
PSO1 To get a firm foundation in the fundamentals and applications of chemical and
scientific theories including environmental and biological Chemistry.
PSO2 To carry out scientific experiments with the help of laboratory and analytical
instruments, as well as accurately record and analyze the results of such experiments.
PSO3 To develop skills in problem solving, critical thinking and analytical reasoning as
applied to chemistry related problems.
PSO4 To find the solution for the ethical, historic, philosophical, economical and
environmental dimensions of problems and issues facing chemists.-
PSO5 To pursue post graduate program in higher educational institutions and also to get
suitable employment opportunities in industries and academic institutions.
 THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE, MADURAI – 9
(Re-Accredited with ‘A++’ Grade by NAAC)
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.,) (w.e.f. 2023-2024 Batch onwards)
Programme Code-UCH
Programme Scheme

SEMESTER –I

Max Max
Hrs/ Cred. Total
Course Code No Subject Mark Marks Total
Week Hrs
CA SE
Part - I Tamil U23P1TA11B ப ொதுத்தமிழ் - I 6 3 90 25 75 100

English U23P2EN11 General English - I 4 3 60 25 75 100

Part - II
Core theory-1 UCH23CT11 General chemistry-I 5 5 75 25 75 100

Core lab -1 Quantitative

Inorganic
estimation 25 75 100
UCH23CL11 4 3 60
(titrimetry) and
Part - Inorganic
III Preparations
Generic
elective UPH23GT11C Ancillary Physics-I 3 2 45
theory phyics 25 75 100

Generic
elective lab Ancillary Physics
UPH23GL21C 2 - 30
physics practical –I - - -

NME-1 Role of chemistry in 25 75 100

UCH23NT11 2 2 30
daily life
Part –
AECC-1 UEN23AT11 Introduction to 2 2 30 25 75 100
IV Personality
Development
Foundation Foundation course 25 75 100
UCH23FT11 2 2 30
course in chemistry
TOTAL 450
30 22
 Semester – II

Cred Tota Max Max

Cou Hrs/
Code No Subject . l Mark Marks Total
rse Week
Hrs CA SE
Part Tamil ப ொதுத்தமிழ் - II 6 3 90 25 75 100
U23P1TA21B
-I
Part English 4 3 60 25 75 100
U23P2EN21 General English - II
- II
Core theory - 2 General chemistry -
UCH23CT21 5 5 75 25 75 100
II
Core lab -2 Qualitative Organic 4 3 60 25 75 100
Analysis and
UCH23CL21 preparation of
Part Organic
- III Compounds
Generic 3 2 45 25 75 100
Ancillary Physics –
elective theory UPH23GT21C
II
Physics
Generic 2 2 30 25 75 100
Ancillary physics
elective UPH23GL21C
practical-I
Lab Physics
NME-2
UCH23NT21 Dairy chemistry 2 2 30
25 75 100
Part
SEC-1 Cosmetics and
– IV UCH23ST21 2 2 30
personal grooming 25 75 100
AECC- 2 Employability Skills
UEN23AT21 2 2 30
25 75 100
TOTAL 30 24 450
Extra credit Naan Mudhalvan Scheme
U23NM21 Language Proficiency for 2
Employability
 Generic electives in Chemistry

Max Max
Hrs/ Cred Total
Course Code No Subject Mark Marks Total
Week Hrs
CA SE
Chemistry for Physical
UCH23GT11M/ Sciences - I 3 2 45 25 75 100
UCH23GT31P (For Mathematics &
Physics)
Chemistry for Physical
UCH23GT21M/ Sciences - II
3 2 45 25 75 100
UCH23GT41P (For Mathematics &
Part III Physics)
Generic
Chemistry for
electives UCH23GT11Z/ biological sciences-I 3 2 45 25 75 100
UCH23GT31B (For Zoology and
Botany)
Chemistry for
UCH23GT21Z/ biological sciences-II 3 2 45 25 75 100
UCH23GT41B (for zoology and
botany students)
Chemistry Practical
for physical and
biological sciences 2 - 30 - - -
(for Mathematics
andZoology 1 year/I
UCH23GL21M semester;
/ UCH23GL21Z For Botany and Physics II
Generic
/ UCH23GL41B/ year/ III semester)
elective
UCH23GL41P Chemistry Practical
practical
for physical and
(non-semester) biological sciences 2 2 30 25 75 100
(for Mathematics
andZoology 1 year/II
semester;
For Botany and Physics II
year/ IV semester)
A) CONSOLIDATION OF CONTACT HOURS AND CREDITS: UG

Semester Contact Credits

hours
I 30 22
II 30 24
III 30 22
IV 30 25
V 30 26
VI 30 21
Total 180 140

B)CURRICULUM CREDITS: PART WISE

Part I Tamil 4x3 = 12 credits

Part II English 4x3 = 12 credits
Part III Core theory 5+5+5+5+4+4+4+3+3+4 = 42 credits
Core lab 3+3+3+3+4+2 =18 credits
Core elective 3+3+3+3 =12 credits
Generic elective (Theory 2+2+2+3+3 =12 credits
& lab)
Part IV SEC 2+2+2+1+2+2+2 = 13 credits
AECC 2+2+2+2 = 8 credits
Foundation course 2 = 2 credits
EVS 2 = 2 credits
Value education 2 = 2 credits
Internship / Industrial 2 = 2 credits
Visit / Field Visit
Professional competency 2 = 2 credits
skill
Part V Extension activity 1 = 1 credit
Total = 140 credits

AECC: Ability Enhancement Compulsory Course

SEC : Skill Enhancement Course
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined B.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: UCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
General chemistry-I Core
UCH23CT11 4 1 - 5
theory-1
Year Semester Int. Marks Ext.Marks Total
I I 25 75 100

Preamble
The course aims at giving an overall view of the
 Various atomic models and atomic structure
 Wave particle duality of matter
 Periodic table, periodicity in properties and its application in explaining the chemical
behaviour
 Nature of chemical bonding, and
 Fundamental concepts of organic chemistry

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course the student will be able to
Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
Explain the atomic structure, wave particle duality of 85 80
CO1 matter, periodic properties bonding, and properties of
compounds.
Classify the elements in the periodic table, types of 82 80
CO2 bonds, reaction intermediates electronic effects in
organic compounds, types of reagents.
Apply the theories of atomic structure, bonding, to 80 80
calculate energy of a spectral transition, Δx, Δp
CO3
electronegativity, percentage ionic character and bond
order.
Evaluate the relationship existing between electronic 85 83
CO4 configuration, bonding, geometry of molecules and
reactions; structure reactivity and electronic effects.
Construct MO diagrams, predict trends in periodic 85 82
properties, assess the properties of elements, and
CO5
explain hybridization in molecules, nature of H –
bonding and organic reaction mechanisms.
Mapping of COs with POs
# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6
CO1 S S S S S S

CO2 M S S S M S

CO3 S S S M S S

CO4 S S S S S S
CO5 S M S S S S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S M S M S

CO2 S S S M S

CO3 S S M S S

CO4 S S S S S
CO5 M S S S S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

Bloom’s CA End of
category First Second Semester
Knowledge 40% 40% 40%
Understand 40% 40% 40%
Apply 20% 20% 20%

Syllabus: General chemistry-I

Unit I: Atomic structure and Periodic trends 15 hrs

History of atom (J.J.Thomson, Rutherford); Moseley’s Experiment and Atomic number, Atomic
Spectra; Black-Body Radiation and Planck’s quantum theory - Bohr's model of atom;The
Franck-Hertz Experiment; Interpretation of Hspectrum; Photoelectric effect, Compton effect;
Dual nature of Matter- De-Broglie wavelength-Davisson and Germer experiment Heisenberg’s
Uncertainty Principle; Electronic Configuration of Atoms and ions- Hund’s rule, Pauli’exclusion
principle and Aufbau principle.
Numerical problems involving the core concepts.
Unit II: Introduction to Quantum mechanics 15 hrs
Classical mechanics, Wave mechanical model of atom, distinction between a Bohr orbit and
orbital; Postulates of quantum mechanics; probability interpretation of wavefunctions,
Formulation of Schrodinger wave equation - Probability and electron density-visualizing the
orbitals -Probability density and significance of Ψ and Ψ2.
Modern Periodic Table
Cause of periodicity; features of the periodic table; classification of elements - Periodic trends
for atomic size- Atomic radii, Ionic, crystal and Covalent radii; ionization energy, electron
affinity, electronegativity-electronegativity scales, applications of electronegativity.
Problems involving the core concepts.
Unit III: Structure and bonding – I 15 hrs
Ionic bond
Lewis dot structure of ionic compounds; properties of ionic compounds; Energy involved in
ionic compounds; Born Haber cycle – lattice energies, Madelung constant; relative effect of
lattice energy and solvation energy; Ion polarisation – polarising power and polarizability;
Fajans’ rules - effects of polarisation on properties of compounds; problems involving the core
concepts.
Covalent bond
Shapes of orbitals, overlap of orbitals – σ and Π bonds; directed valency -hybridization; VSEPR
theory - shapes of molecules of the type AB2, AB3, AB4, AB5, AB6 and AB7. Partial ionic
character of covalent bond-dipole moment, application to molecules of the type A2, AB, AB2,
AB3, AB4; percentage ionic character.
Numerical problems based on calculation of percentage ionic character.
Unit IV: Structure and bonding – II 15 hrs
VB theory – application to hydrogen molecule; concept of resonance - resonance structures of
some inorganic species – CO2, NO2, CO32-, NO3-; limitations of VBT; MO theory - bonding,
antibonding and nonbonding orbitals, bond order; MO diagrams of H2, C2, O2, O2+, O2-, O22-, N2,
NO, HF, CO; magnetic characteristics, comparison of VB and MO theories.
Coordinate bond: Definition, Formation of BF3, NH3, NH4+, H3O+ properties.
Metallic bond-electron sea model, VB model; Band theory-mechanism of conduction in solids;
conductors, insulator, semiconductor – types, applications of semiconductors.
Weak Chemical Forces - Vander Waals forces, ion-dipole forces, dipole-dipole interactions,
induced dipole interactions, Instantaneous dipole-induced dipole interactions. Repulsive forces;
Hydrogen bonding – Types, special properties of water, ice, stability of DNA; Effects of
chemical force, melting and boiling points.
Unit V: Basic concepts in Organic Chemistry and Electronic effects 15 hrs
Types of bond cleavage – heterolytic and homolytic; arrow pushing in organic reactions;
reagents and substrates; types of reagents - electrophiles, nucleophiles, free radicals; reaction
intermediates – carbanions, carbocations, carbenes, arynes and nitrynes.
Inductive effect - reactivity of alkyl halides, acidity of halo acids, basicity of amines;
inductomeric and electromeric effects.
Resonance – resonance energy, conditions for resonance - acidity of phenols, basicity of
aromatic amines, stability of carbonium ions, carbanions and free radicals, reactivity of vinyl
chloride, dipole moment of vinyl chloride and nitrobenzene, bond lengths; steric inhibition to
resonance.
Hyperconjugation - stability of alkenes, bond length, orienting effect of methyl group, dipole
moment of aldehydes and nitromethane.
Types of organic reactions - addition, substitution, elimination and rearrangements.
Text Books:
1. Madan, R. D. and Sathya Prakash, Modern Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd ed.; S. Chand and
Company: New Delhi, 2003.
2. Rao, C.N. R. University General Chemistry, Macmillan Publication: New Delhi, 2000.
3. Puri, B. R. and Sharma, L. R. Principles of Physical Chemistry, 38th ed.; Vishal Publishing
Company: Jalandhar, 2002.
4. Bruce, P. Y. and PrasadK. J. R. Essential Organic Chemistry, Pearson Education: New Delhi,
2008.
5. Dash UN, Dharmarha OP, Soni P.L. Textbook of Physical Chemistry, Sultan Chand & Sons:
New Delhi, 2016.

References:
1. Maron, S. H. and Prutton C. P. Principles of Physical Chemistry, 4th ed.; The Macmillan
Company: Newyork, 1972.
2. Lee, J. D. Concise Inorganic Chemistry, 4th ed.; ELBS William Heinemann: London, 1991.
3. Gurudeep Raj, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, 26th ed.; Goel Publishing House: Meerut,
2001.
4. Atkins, P.W. & Paula, J. Physical Chemistry, 10th ed.; Oxford University Press: New York,
2014.
5. Huheey, J. E. Inorganic Chemistry: Principles of Structure and Reactivity, 4th ed.; Addison,
Wesley Publishing Company: India, 1993.
Web Resources:
1) https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in
2) http://www.mikeblaber.org/oldwine/chm1045/notes_m.htm
3) http://www.ias.ac.in/initiat/sci_ed/resources/chemistry/Inorganic.html
4) https://swayam.gov.in/course/64-atomic-structure-and-chemical-bonding
5) https://www.chemtube3d.com

Course Designers:
Dr.A. Elangovan
Dr.D.S.Bhuvaneshwari
Dr.K.Selvakumar
Dr.S. Pitchaimuthu
Dr.N.Sudhan

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.
I Atomic structure and Periodic trends
History of atom (J.J.Thomson, Rutherford); Moseley’s Experiment and
1.1 Atomic number, Atomic Spectra; Black-Body Radiation and Planck’s 4
quantum theory - Bohr's model of atom;The Franck-Hertz Experiment
Interpretation of H spectrum; Photoelectric effect, Compton effect;
Dual nature of Matter-De-Broglie wavelength-Davisson and Germer
1.2 experiment Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle; Electronic 4
Configuration of Atoms and ions- Hund’s rule, Pauli’exclusion
principle and Aufbau principle
Numerical problems involving the core concepts of Atomic structure
1.3 4
and Periodic trends.

Tutorial 3

2 Introduction to Quantum mechanics

Classical mechanics, Wave mechanical model of atom, distinction
between a Bohr orbit and orbital; Postulates of quantum mechanics;
2.1 probability interpretation of wavefunctions, Formulation of 5
Schrodinger wave equation - Probability and electron density-
visualizing the orbitals -Probability density and significance of Ψ and
 Ψ2 .

Modern Periodic Table

Cause of periodicity; Features of the periodic table; classification of
elements - Periodic trends for atomic size- Atomic radii, Ionic, crystal
2.2 5
and Covalent radii; ionization energy, electron affinity,
electronegativity-electronegativity scales, applications of
electronegativity.
Problems involving the core concepts of Quantum mechanics and
2.3 2
periodicity.
Tutorial 3

3 Structure and bonding - I

Ionic bond
Lewis dot structure of ionic compounds; properties of ionic
compounds; Energy involved in ionic compounds; Born Haber cycle –
3.1 lattice energies, Madelung constant; relative effect of lattice energy 5
and solvation energy; Ion polarisation – polarising power and
polarizability; Fajans’ rules - effects of polarisation on properties of
compounds;
Covalent bond
Shapes of orbitals, overlap of orbitals – σ and Π bonds; directed
valency -hybridization; VSEPR theory - shapes of molecules of the
3.2 5
type AB2, AB3, AB4, AB5, AB6 and AB7 Partial ionic character of
covalent bond-dipole moment, application to molecules of the type A2,
AB, AB2, AB3, AB4; percentage ionic character
Problems involving the core concepts ionic and covalent bond.
3.3 Numerical problems based on calculation of percentage ionic 2
character.
Tutorial 3
4 Structure and bonding - II
4.1 VB theory – application to hydrogen molecule; concept of resonance - 4
 2-
resonance structures of some inorganic species – CO2, NO2, CO3 ,
NO3-; limitations of VBT; MO theory - bonding, antibonding and
nonbonding orbitals, bond order; MO diagrams of H2, C2, O2, O2+, O2-,
O22-, N2, NO, HF, CO; magnetic characteristics, comparison of VB and
MO theories.
Coordinate bond: Definition, Formation of BF3, NH3, NH4+, H3O+
properties.
4.2 Metallic bond-electron sea model, VB model; Band theory-mechanism 4
of conduction in solids; conductors, insulator, semiconductor – types,
applications of semiconductors.
Weak Chemical Forces - Vander Waals forces, ion-dipole forces,
dipole-dipole interactions, induced dipole interactions, Instantaneous
4.3 dipole-induced dipole interactions. Repulsive forces; Hydrogen 4
bonding – Types, special properties of water, ice, stability of DNA;
Effects of chemical force, melting and boiling points.
Tutorial 3

5 Basic concepts in Organic Chemistry and Electronic effects

Types of bond cleavage – heterolytic and homolytic; arrow pushing in

organic reactions; reagents and substrates; types of reagents -
electrophiles, nucleophiles, free radicals; reaction intermediates –
5.1 4
carbanions, carbocations, carbenes, arynes and nitrynes.

Inductive effect - reactivity of alkyl halides, acidity of halo acids,

basicity of amines; inductomeric and electromeric effects.
Resonance – resonance energy, conditions for resonance - acidity of
phenols, basicity of aromatic amines, stability of carbonium ions,
5.2 carbanions and free radicals, reactivity of vinyl chloride, dipole 4
moment of vinyl chloride and nitrobenzene, bond lengths; steric
inhibition to resonance.
Hyperconjugation - stability of alkenes, bond length, orienting effect of
methyl group, dipole moment of aldehydes and nitromethane.
5.3 4
Types of organic reactions- addition, substitution, elimination and
rearrangements.
 Tutorial 3

Teaching methods
Lecture
Unit Topic Teaching Method
hrs.
1 Atomic structure and Periodic trends 15 BB/PPT
Introduction to Quantum mechanics
2 15 BB/PPT
Modern Periodic Table
3 Structure and bonding - I 15 Chem Models/PPT
4 Structure and bonding - II 15 Chem Models/PPT
Basic concepts in Organic Chemistry and Electronic
5 15 BB/PPT
effects
Total 75
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined B.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: UCH
Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
Quantitative Inorganic Estimation Core lab
UCH23CL11 - - 4 3
(titrimetry) and Inorganic Preparations 1

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext.Marks Total

I I 25 75 100

Preamble
The course aims at giving an overall view of the
 various atomic models and atomic structure
 wave particle duality of matter
 periodic table, periodicity in properties and its application in explaining the
 chemical behaviour nature of chemical bonding, and
 fundamental concepts of organic chemistry
Course Outcomes
On completion of the course the student will be able to
Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
Explain the basic principles involved in titrimetric analysis 85 80
CO1
and inorganic preparations.
CO2 Idendify the common apparatus used in volumetric analysis 90 90

CO3 Compare the methodologies of different titrimetric analysis. 80 78

Calculate the concentrations of unknown solutions in 80 75
CO4 different ways and develop the skill and to estimate the
amount of a substance present in a given solution.
Assess the yield of different inorganic preparations and 78 75
CO5
identify the end point of various titrations.

Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S S S S S S
CO2 S S S S M M
CO3 M S S S M S
 CO4 S S S M S S
S S S S M S
CO5
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S M S M S

CO2 S S S S S

CO3 S S S M S

CO4 S S M S S

CO5 S S S S S

S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

Bloom’s CA End of
category First Second Semester
Knowledge 40% 40% 40%
Understand 40% 40% 40%
Apply 20% 20% 20%

Course title: Quantitative Inorganic Estimation (titrimetry) and Inorganic Preparations

Unit I: Chemical Laboratory Safety in Academic Institutions 12 hrs
Introduction- importance of safety education for students, common laboratory hazards,
assessment and minimization of the risk of the hazards, prepare for emergencies from
uncontrolled hazards; concept of MSDS; importance and care of PPE; proper use and operation
of chemical hoods and ventilation system; fire extinguishers-types and uses of fire extinguishers,
demonstration of operation; chemical waste and safe disposal.
Common Apparatus Used in Quantitative Estimation (Volumetric)
Description and use of burette, pipette, standard flask, measuring cylinder, conical flask, beaker,
funnel, dropper, clamp, stand, wash bottle, watch glass, wire gauge and tripod stand.

Unit II: Principle of Quantitative Estimation (Volumetric) 12 hrs

Equivalent weight of an acid, base, salt, reducing agent, oxidizing agent; concept of mole,
molality, molarity, normality; primary and secondary standards, preparation of standard
solutions; theories of acid-base, redox, complexometric, iodimetric and iodometric titrations;
indicators – types, theory of acid–base, redox, metal ion and adsorption indicators, choice of
indicators.
Unit III: Quantitative Estimation (Volumetric) 12 hrs
Preparation of standard solution, dilution from stock solution
Permanganometry
Estimation of sodium oxalate using standard ferrous ammonium sulphate
Dichrometry
Estimation of ferric alum using standard dichromate (external indicator)
Estimation of ferric alum using standard dichromate (internal indicator)
Iodometry
Estimation of copper in copper sulphate using standard dichromate
Argentimetry
Estimation of chloride in barium chloride using standard sodium chloride/
Estimation of chloride in sodium chloride (Volhard’s method)
Unit IV 12 hrs
Complexometry
Estimation of hardness of water using EDTA.
Estimations
Estimation of iron in iron tablets.
Estimation of ascorbic acid.
Unit V: Preparation of Inorganic compounds 12 hrs
Potash alum
Tetraammine copper (II) sulphate
Hexamminecobalt (III) chloride
Mohr’s Salt
Text Books:
1. Venkateswaran, V.; Veeraswamy, R.; Kulandivelu, A.R. Basic Principles of Practical
Chemistry, 2nd ed.; Sultan Chand &Sons: New Delhi, 1997.
2. Nad, A. K.; Mahapatra, B.; Ghoshal, A.; An advanced course in Practical Chemistry, 3rd ed.;
New Central Book Agency: Kolkata, 2007.
References:
1. Mendham, J.; Denney, R. C.; Barnes, J. D.; Thomas, M.; Sivasankar, B.; Vogel’s Textbook of
Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 6th ed.; Pearson Education Ltd: New Delhi, 2000.
Web Resources:
1. http://www.federica.unina.it/agraria/analytical-chemistry/volumetricanalysis
2. https://chemdictionary.org/titration-indicator/
Course Designers:
Dr.A. Elangovan
Dr.D.S. Bhuvaneshwari
Dr.K. Selvakumar
Dr.S. Pitchaimuthu
Dr.N. Sudhan

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture/
Unit Topic Practical
hrs.
Chemical Laboratory Safety in Academic Institutions
1
Introduction
Importance of safety education for students, common laboratory
1.1 hazards, assessment and minimization of the risk of the hazards, 4
prepare for emergencies from uncontrolled hazards
Concept of MSDS; importance and care of PPE; proper use and
1.2 3
operation of chemical hoods and ventilation system
Fire extinguishers-types and uses of fire extinguishers, demonstration
1.3 3
of operation; chemical waste and safe disposal.
Common Apparatus Used in Quantitative Estimation (Volumetric)
Description and use of burette, pipette, standard flask, measuring
1.4 2
cylinder, conical flask, beaker, funnel, dropper, clamp, stand, wash
bottle, watch glass, wire gauge and tripod stand.
2 Principle of Quantitative Estimation (Volumetric)
Equivalent weight of an acid, base, salt, reducing agent, oxidizing
2.1 agent; concept of mole, molality, molarity, normality; primary and 4
secondary standards, preparation of standard solutions;
Theories of acid-base, redox, complexometric, iodimetric and
2.2 4
iodometric titrations;
 Indicators – types, theory of acid–base, redox, metal ion and
2.3 4
adsorption indicators, choice of indicators.
3 Quantitative Estimation(Volumetric)
Preparation of standard solution, dilution from stock solution
3.1 1
Permanganometry
3.2 Estimation of sodium oxalate using standard ferrous ammonium 2
sulphate
Dichrometry (Any one)
Estimation of ferric alum using standard dichromate (external
3.3 indicator) 4
Estimation of ferric alum using standard dichromate (internal
indicator)
Iodometry (Any Two)
3.4 3
Estimation of copper in copper sulphate using standard dichromate
Argentimetry
Estimation of chloride in barium chloride using standard sodium
3.5 3
chloride/
Estimation of chloride in sodium chloride (Volhard’s method)
4 Complexometry and estimations
Complexometry
4.1 4
Estimation of hardness of water using EDTA.
Estimations (Any One)
4.2 Estimation of iron in iron tablets. 6
Estimation of ascorbic acid.
5 Preparation of Inorganic compounds (Any Two)
Potash alum
Tetraammine copper (II) sulphate
5.1 6
Hexamminecobalt (III) chloride
Mohr’s Salt
Model Lab 4

Viva 3

Teaching methods

Lecture
Unit Topic Teaching Method
hrs.
1 Chemical Laboratory Safety in Academic Institutions 12 Demo
2 Principle of Quantitative Estimation (Volumetric) 12 BB, PPT
3 Quantitative Estimation(Volumetric) 13 Practical
4 Complexometry and estimations 10 Practical
5 Preparation of Inorganic compounds 6 Practical
Model lab and viva-voce 7
Total 60
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous), Madurai – 625 009
(Re-Accredited with A++ Grade by NAAC)
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined B.Sc., Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programming Code: UCH

Course Code Course title Category L T P Credit

UCH23NT11 Role of chemistry in daily NME-1 2 - - 2
life

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I I 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims at providing an overall view of the
 Importance of Chemistry in everyday life
 Chemistry of building materials and food
 Chemistry of Drugs and pharmaceuticals
Course Outcomes
On the completion of the course the student will be able to
# Course Outcome Expected Expected
Proficiency attainment
CO1 Learn about the chemicals used in everyday life as well 85 85
as air pollution and water pollution.
CO2 Get knowledge on building materials cement, ceramics, 85 80
glass and plastics, polythene, PVC, bakelite, polyesters
CO3 Acquire information about Food and Nutrition. 85 78
Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats Also have an awareness
about Cosmetics Tooth pastes, face powder, soaps and
detergents
CO4 Discuss about the fertilizers like urea, NPK fertilizers 90 85
and super phosphate. Fuel: classification solid, liquid
and gaseous; nuclear fuel - examples and uses
CO5 Have an idea about the pharmaceutical drugs analgesics 85 80
and antipyretics like paracetamol and aspirin and also
about pigments and dyes and its applications.

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S M

CO2 S M S S S
 CO3 S S M S S

CO4 S S S M S

CO5 S S S M S

S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Mapping of COs with POs (B.Sc)

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S S S S M S
CO2 S S S S M S
CO3 S S S M M S
CO4 S S S S M S
CO5 S M S S M S

Mapping of COs with POs (B.A)

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S S M S S S
CO2 S S M S S S
CO3 S S M M S S
CO4 S S M M S S
CO5 S S M M S S

Mapping of COs with POs (B.B.A)

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S S S M M S
CO2 S S S M M S
CO3 S S S M M S
CO4 S S S M M S
CO5 S S S M M S

Mapping of COs with POs (B.Com)

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5

CO1 S M S M S
CO2 S M S M S
CO3 S M S M S
CO4 S M S M S
 CO5 S M S M S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Bloom’s Taxonomy and assessment pattern

Bloom’s CA End of Semester

Taxonomy First Second (%)
(%) (%)
Knowledge 40 40 40
Understand 40 40 40
Apply 20 20 20

Course title: Role of Chemistry in Daily Life

UNIT – I 6 hrs
General survey of chemicals used in everyday life. Air - components and their importance;
photosynthetic reaction, air pollution, green - house effect and the impact on our life style. Water
- Sources of water, qualities of potable water, soft and hard water, methods of removal of
hardness-water pollution.
UNIT – II 6 hrs
Building materials - cement, ceramics, glass and refractories - definition, composition and
application only. Plastics - polythene, PVC, bakelite, polyesters, melamine-formaldehyde resins -
preparation and uses only.
UNIT – III 6 hrs
Food and Nutrition - Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats - definition and their importance as food
constituents – balanced diet – Calories minerals and vitamins (sources and their physiological
importance). Cosmetics – tooth paste, face powder, soaps and detergents, shampoos, nail polish,
perfumes - general formulation and preparations - possible hazards of cosmetic use.
UNIT – IV 6 hrs
Chemicals in food production – fertilizers - need, natural sources; urea, NPK fertilizers and super
phosphate. Fuel – classification - solid, liquid and gaseous; nuclear fuel examples and uses.
UNIT – V 6 hrs
Pharmaceutical drugs - analgesics and antipyretics - paracetamol and aspirin. Colour chemicals -
pigments and dyes - examples and applications. Explosives - classification and examples.
Text Books
1. Food chemistry, H. K. Chopra, P. S. Panesar, Narosa publishing house, 2010.
2. A textbook of pharmaceutical chemistry by Jayashree Ghosh, S Chand publishing, 2012.
3. S. Vaithyanathan, Text book of Ancillary Chemistry; Priya Publications, Karur, 2006.
4. B. K, Sharma, Industrial Chemistry; GOEL publishing house, Meerut,
Sixteenth edition, 2014.
5. Introduction to forensic chemistry, Kelly M. Elkins, CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group,
2019.
 6. Jayashree Ghosh, Fundamental Concepts of Applied Chemistry, S. Chand &
Co.Publishers, second edition, 2006.
Reference Books
1. Randolph. Norris Shreve, Chemical Process Industries, McGraw-Hill, Texas,
fourthedition, 1977.
2. W.A.Poucher, JosephA. Brink, Jr. Perfumes, Cosmetics and Soaps, Springer, 2000.
3. A.K.De, EnvironmentalChemistry, New Age International Public Co., 1990.

E-Resources
https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/cec20_ag10/preview
https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_ag19/preview
http://chemistry-journal.org/dnload/Sunita-Bhargava/CHEMISTRY-JOURNAL-
CHJV06I02P0192.pdf

Course Designers
1. Dr. D.S. Bhuvaneshwari
2. Dr. Selvakumar
3. Dr. M. Sathiya

Course contents and lecture schedule

Unit TOPIC No. of

lecture
hrs
UNIT – I
1.1 General survey of chemicals used in everyday life. 1
1.2 Air - components and their importance; photosynthetic reaction 1
1.3 Air pollution, green - house effect and the impact on our life style. 1
1.4 Water - Sources of water 1
1.5 Qualities of potable water, soft and hard water, 1
1.6 Methods of removal of hardness-water pollution. 1
UNIT – II
2.1 Building materials 1
2.2 Cement, ceramics, glass and refractories - definition, composition and 2
application only.
2.3 Plastics - polythene, PVC, bakelite, polyesters, melamine-formaldehyde 3
resins -preparation and uses only.
UNIT – III
3.1 Food and Nutrition 1

3.2 Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats - definition and their importance as food 1

constituents
3.3 Balanced diet - Calories minerals and vitamins (sources and their 1
physiological importance).
3.4 Cosmetics – tooth paste, face powder, soaps and detergents, shampoos, 1
nail polish, perfumes
3.5 General formulation and preparations 1
3.6 Possible hazards of cosmetic use. 1
UNIT – IV

4.1 Chemicals in food production 1

4.2 Fertilizers - need, natural sources; urea, NPK fertilizers and super 2
phosphate.
4.3 Fuel – classification - solid, liquid and gaseous; nuclear fuel examples 3
and uses.
UNIT –V
5.1 Pharmaceutical drugs 1
5.2 Analgesics and antipyretics - paracetamol and aspirin. 2
5.3 Colour chemicals - pigments and dyes - examples and applications. 2
5.4 Explosives - classification and examples 1
 Thiagarajar College(Autonomous), Madurai – 625 009
(Re-Accredited with A++ Grade by NAAC)
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined B.Sc., Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programming Code: UCH

Course Code Course title Category L T P Credit

UCH23FT11 Foundation course in Foundation 2 - - 2
Chemistry Course

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I I 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims at filling the gaps and enhances the foundation in chemistry subjects
Course Outcomes
On the completion of the course the student will be able to
# Course Outcome Expected Expected
Proficiency attainment

CO1 Learn Mathematical foundation for chemistry- error 85% 80%

analysis and significant figures- graphs
CO2 Get updated in Mole concept and Stoichiometry 78% 75%

CO3 Know and solve problems in gas laws in gaseous state 80% 75%

CO4 Know the fundamental of organic chemistry -IUPAC 75% 72%

naming, Isomerism and Hybridization

CO5 Know the fundamentals of Isomerism and 78% 74%

Hybridization in organic compounds

Mapping of COs and POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S S S S S S
CO2 M S S S M S
CO3 S S S M S S
CO4 S S S S S S
CO5 S M S S S S
Mapping of COs and PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S M

CO2 S M S S S

CO3 S S M S S

CO4 S S S M S

CO5 S S S M S

S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Bloom’s Taxonomy and assessment pattern

Bloom’s Taxonomy CA End of Semester

First Second (%)
(%) (%)
Knowledge 40 40 40
Understand 40 40 40
Apply 20 20 20

Course title:Foundation Course in Chemistry

UNIT – I: Mathematical foundation for chemistry 6 hrs

Identifying the types of functions used in chemistry equations and laws. Usage of Matrices,
vector algebra, differential equations, integral equations in chemistry. Error analysis and
Significant figures. Types of graphs.
UNIT – II: Mole Concept and Stoichiometry 6 hrs
Classification of Matter – Laws of chemical combinations, Atoms, Molecules, Atomic Mass,
Molecular mass, Equivalent Mass (Acids, bases and Salts)-Mole concept -Molecular Formula -
Empirical formula -Various concentrations terms-simple problems
UNIT – III: Gas laws 6 hrs
Equation of state, macroscopic variables used in Gaseous state and its various units (P, V, T)
Inter conversion of various units of pressure and temperature. Boyles law, Charles law, Gay-
Lussac Law, Avogadro law, Ideal gas equation, Daltons law of partial pressure and total
pressure, Grahams law, Kinetic gas theory equation and simple problems related to all gas laws.
 UNIT – IV: Foundation in Organic Chemistry 6 hrs
Carbon-Anomalous behaviour of Carbon- Catenation-Classification of organic compounds-
Homologous series- list of different Functional groups - IUPAC rules and IUPAC naming of
various organic compounds.
UNIT – V: Isomerism and Hybridization in Organic Compounds 6 hrs
Isomerism – Structural isomerism -Stereo isomerism. Writing the organic molecules in various
projections- R/S notation. D/L and d/l Notation. Hybridization - Hybridization in Methane,
Ethane, Ethene, Ethyne and Benzene.
Text Books
1. Principles of Physical Chemistry, B.R. Puri, L.R. Sharma, M.S. Pathania ; Publisher,
Vishal publishing Company, 2008
2. A Textbook of Organic Chemistry, 22e. Arun Bahl & B S Bahl. S. Chand Publishing,
2019.
3. Chemistry for JEE Main, Seema Saini, K.S. Saini, Cengage publishers, 2020.

Reference Books
1. The Pearson Guide to Physical chemistry, Atul Singh, Pearson Publisher, 2010.
2. Organic Chemistry, J. Clayden, N. Geeves, S. Warren, Oxford University Press, 2012.
E-Resources
1. https://www.coursera.org/learn/intro-chemistry#about
2.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AUIWJpfZdTc&list=PL18DF0AEFCD1784E9&index=3
&pp=iAQB
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zrvfgfi0Zs&list=PL18DF0AEFCD1784E9&index=4
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u8UDvc0DcIw

Course Designers
1. Dr. M. Sathiya

Course contents and lecture schedule

Unit Topic No. of

lecture hrs

1 Mathematical foundation for chemistry

1.1 Identifying the types of functions used in chemistry equations and laws. 1
and.
1.2 Usage of Matrices, vector algebra, differential equations, integral 2
equations in chemistry.
 1.3 Error analysis 1
1.4 Significant figures 1
1.5 Types of graphs. 1
2 Mole Concept and Stoichiometry
2.1 Classification of Matter 1
2.2 Laws of chemical combinations 1
2.3 Atoms, Molecules, Atomic Mass, Molecular mass, Equivalent Mass 2
(Acids, bases and Salts)
2.4 Mole concept -Molecular Formula -Empirical formula 1
2.5 Various concentrations terms -simple problems 1
3 Gas laws
3.1 Equation of state, Macroscopic variables used in Gaseous state and its 1
various units (P, V, T)
3.2 Inter conversion of various units of pressure and temperature. 1
3.3 Boyles law, Charles law, Gay-Lussac Law, Avogadro law, Ideal gas 1
Equation
3.4 Daltons law of partial pressure and total pressure, Grahams law, Kinetic 2
gas theory equation
3.5 simple problems related to all gas laws. 1

4 Foundation in Organic Chemistry

4.1 Carbon-Anomalous behaviour of Carbon 1
4.2 Catenation-Classification of organic compounds 1
4.3 Homologous series- list of different Functional groups 1
4.4 IUPAC rules and IUPAC naming of various organic compounds. 3
5 Isomerism and Hybridization in Organic Compounds
5.1 Isomerism – Structural isomerism 1
5.2 Stereo isomerism 1
5.3 Writing the organic molecules in various projections 1
5.4 R/S notation. D/L and d/l Notation. 1
5.5 Hybridization-Hybridization in Methane, Ethane, Ethene, Ethyne and 2
Benzene

Teaching methods
Unit Topic No. of Teaching
lecture hrs Method
I Mathematical foundation for chemistry 6
II Mole Concept and Stoichiometry 6 BB, PPT
III Gas laws 6 BB, PPT
IV Foundation in Organic Chemistry 6 BB, PPT
V Isomerism and Hybridization in Organic Compounds 6 BB, Models, PPT
Total 30
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined B.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme Code: UCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
Core
UCH23CT21 General chemistry – II 4 1 - 5
theory 2

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext.Marks Total

I II 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims at providing an overall view of the
• Chemistry of acids, bases and ionic equilibrium
• Properties of s-and p-block elements
• Chemistry of hydrocarbons
• Ppplications of acids and bases
• Compounds of main block elements and hydrocarbons
Course Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to
# Course Outcome Expected Expected
Proficiency attainment
Explain the concept of acids, bases and ionic equilibria; 80 75
periodic properties of s and p
CO1
block elements, preparation and properties of aliphatic and
aromatic hydrocarbons
Discuss the periodic properties of sand p- block elements, 85 83
CO2 reactions of aliphatic and
aromatic hydrocarbons and strength of acids
Classify hydrocarbons, types of reactions, acids and bases, 80 75
CO3 examine the properties and p-block elements, reaction
mechanisms of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons
Explain theories of acids, bases and indicators, buffer 80 75
CO4
action and important compounds of s-block elements
Assess the application of hard and soft acids indicators, 80 75
CO5 buffers, compounds of s and p-block elements and
hydrocarbons
Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S S S S S S
CO2 M S S S M S
CO3 S S S M S S
CO4 S S S S S S
CO5 S M S S S S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S S
CO2 S S S S S
CO3 S S S S S
CO4 S S S S S
CO5 S S S S S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

Bloom’s CA End of
category First Second Semester
Knowledge 40% 40% 40%
Understand 40% 40% 40%
Apply 20% 20% 20%

Course title: General chemistry-II

Unit I: Acids, bases and Ionic equilibria 15 hrs
Concepts of Acid sand Bases – Arrhenius concept, Bronsted-Lowry concept, Lewisconcept;
Relative strengths of acids, bases and dissociation constant; dissociation of poly basic acids,
ionic product of water, pH scale, pH of solutions; Degree of dissociation, common ion effect,
factors affecting degree of dissociation; acid base indicators, theory of acid base indicators –
action of phenolphthalein and methylorange, titration curves – use of acid base indicators; Buffer
solutions – types, mechanism of buffer action in acid and basic buffer, Henderson-Hassel balch
equation; Salt hydrolysis – salts of weak acids and strong bases, weak bases and strong acids,
weak acids and weak bases – hydrolysis constant, degree of hydrolysis and relation between
hydrolysis constant and degree of hydrolysis; Solubility product - determination and
applications; numerical problems involving the core concepts.
Unit II: Chemistry of s-Block Elements 15 hrs
Hydrogen: Position of hydrogen in the periodic table. Alkali metals: Comparative study of the
elements with respect to oxides, hydroxides, halides, carbonates and bicarbonates. Diagonal
relationship of Li with Mg. Preparation, properties and uses of NaOH, Na2CO3, KBr, KClO3,
alkaline earth metals. Anomalous behavior of Be.
Chemistry of p-Block Elements (Group 13 & 14)
Preparation and structure of diborane and borazine. Chemistry of borax. Extraction of Al and its
uses. Alloys of Al.
Comparison of carbon with silicon. Carbon-di-sulphide – Preparation, properties, structure and
uses. Per carbonates, per mono carbonates and per di carbonates.
Unit III:Chemistry of p-Block Elements (Group15-18) 15 hrs
General characteristics of elements of Group 15; chemistry of H2N-NH2, NH2OH, HN3 and
HNO3. Chemistry of PH3, PCl3, PCl5, POCl3, P2O5 and oxy acids of phosphorous (H3PO3 and
H3PO4).
General properties of elements of Group 16 – Structure and allotropy of elements – chemistry of
ozone – Classification and properties of oxides – oxides of sulphur and selenium –Oxyacids of
sulphur (Caro’s and Marshall’s acids).
Chemistry of Halogens: General characteristics of halogen with reference to electronegativity,
electron affinity, oxidation states and oxidizing power. Peculiarities of fluorine. Halogenacids
(HF, HCl, HBr and HI), oxides and oxy acids (HClO4). Inter-halogen compounds (ICl, ClF3,
BrF5 and IF7), pseudohalogens [(CN)2 and (SCN)2] and basic nature of Iodine.
Noble gases: Position in the periodic table. Preparation, properties and structure of XeF2, XeF4,
XeF6 and XeOF4; uses of noble gases – clathrate compounds.

Unit IV: Hydrocarbon Chemistry-I 15 hrs

Petroproducts: Fractional distillation of petroleum; cracking, isomerisation, alkylation, reforming
and uses
Alkenes-Nomenclature, general methods of preparation – Mechanism of β-elimination reactions
–E1 and E2 mechanism – factors influencing – stereochemistry – orientation –Hofmann and
Saytzeff rules. Reactions of alkenes – addition reactions – mechanisms – Markownikoff’s rule,
Kharasch effect, oxidation reactions – hydroxylation, oxidative degradation, epoxidation,
ozonolysis; polymerization.
Alkadienes
Nomenclature – classification –isolated, conjugated and cumulated dienes; stability of
conjugated dienes; mechanism of electrophilic addition to conjugated dienes - 1, 2 and 1, 4
additions; free radical addition to conjugated dienes – Diels–Alder reactions – polymerisation –
polybutadiene, polyisoprene (natural rubber), vulcanisation, polychloroprene.
Alkynes
Nomenclature; general methods of preparation, properties and reactions; acidic nature of
terminal alkynes and acetylene, polymerization and isomerisation.
Cycloalkanes: Nomenclature, Relative stability of cycloalkanes, Bayer’s strain theory and its
limitations. Conformational analysis of cyclohexane, mono and disubstituted cyclohexanes.
Geometrical isomerism in cyclohexanes.
Unit V: Hydrocarbon Chemistry-II 15 hrs
Benzene: Source, structure of benzene, stability of benzene ring, molecular orbital picture of
benzene, aromaticity, Huckel’s (4n+2) rule and its applications. Electrophilic substitution
reactions – General mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution – nitration, sulphonation,
halogenation, Friedel-Craft’s alkylation and acylation. Mono substituted and disubstituted
benzene – Effect of substituent – orientation and reactivity.
Polynuclear Aromatic hydrocarbons: Naphthalene – nomenclature, Haworth synthesis; physical
properties, reactions – electrophilic substitution reaction, nitration, sulphonation, halogenation,
Friedel – Crafts acylation & alkylation, preferential substitution at o-position –reduction,
oxidation – uses.
Anthracene – synthesis by Elbs reaction, Diels – Alder reaction and Haworth synthesis; physical
properties; reactions - Diels-Alder reaction, preferential substitution at C-9 and C-10; uses.

Text Books:
1. Madan R D, Sathya Prakash, (2003), Modern Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd edn, S.Chand and
Company, New Delhi.
2. Sathya Prakash, Tuli G D, Basu S K and Madan R D, (2003), Advanced Inorganic
Chemistry, 17th ed., S.Chand and Company, New Delhi.
3. Bahl B S, Arul Bhal, (2003), Advanced Organic Chemistry, 3rd ed., S.Chand and
Company, New Delhi.
4. Tewari K S, Mehrothra S N and Vishnoi N K, (1998), Text book of Organic Chemistry,
2nd ed., Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi.
5. Puri B R, Sharma L R, (2002), Principles of Physical Chemistry, 38th ed., Vishal
Publishing Company, Jalandhar.
References:
1. Maron S H and Prutton C P, (1972), Principles of Physical Chemistry, 4th edn., The
Macmillan Company, New york.
2. Barrow G M, (1992), Physical Chemistry, 5th edn., Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
3. Lee J D, (1991), Concise Inorganic Chemistry, 4th ed., ELBS William Heinemann,
London.
4. Huheey J E, (1993), Inorganic Chemistry: Principles of Structure and Reactivity, 4th edn.
Addison Wesley Publishing Company, India.
5. Gurudeep Raj, (2001), Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Vol – I, 26th ed., Goel Publishing
House, Meerut.
6. Agarwal O P, (1995), Reactions and Reagents in Organic Chemistry, 8th ed., Goel
Publishing House,Meerut.
Web Resources:
1. https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.inhttp://cactus.dixie.edu/smblack/chem1010/lecture_notes/4
B.html
2. http://www.auburn.edu/~deruija/pdareson.pdfhttps://swayam.gov.in/course/64-atomic-
structure-and-chemical-bondingMOOC components
3. http://nptel.ac.in/courses/104101090/Lecture 1: Classification of elements and periodic
 properties
4. http://nptel.ac.in/courses/104101090/

Course Designers:
1. Dr. P. Prakash
2. Dr. R. Mahalakshmy
3. Dr. A. Tamil Selvi
4. Dr. K. Venkatesh

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.
Acids, bases and Ionic equilibria
1
Concepts of Acid sand Bases – Arrhenius concept, Bronsted-Lowry
concept, Lewisconcept; Relative strengths of acids, bases and
1.1 dissociation constant; dissociation of poly basic acids, ionic product of 4
water, pH scale, pH of solutions; Degree of dissociation, common ion
effect, factors affecting degree of dissociation;
Acid base indicators, theory of acid base indicators – action of
phenolphthalein and methylorange, titration curves – use of acid base
1.2 4
indicators; Buffer solutions – types, mechanism of buffer action in acid
and basic buffer, Henderson-Hassel balch equation
Salt hydrolysis – salts of weak acids and strong bases, weak bases and
strong acids, weak acids and weak bases – hydrolysis constant, degree
1.3 of hydrolysis and relation between hydrolysis constant and degree of 4
hydrolysis; Solubility product - determination and applications;
numerical problems involving the core concepts
Tutorial 3

2 Chemistry of s-Block Elements

Chemistry of s-Block Elements
Hydrogen: Position of hydrogen in the periodic table. Alkali metals:
Comparative study of the elements with respect to oxides, hydroxides,
2.1 6
halides, carbonates and bicarbonates. Diagonal relationship of Li with
Mg. Preparation, properties and uses of NaOH, Na2CO3, KBr, KClO3,
alkaline earth metals. Anomalous behavior of Be.
Chemistry of p-Block Elements (Group 13 & 14)
2.2 Preparation and structure of diborane and borazine. Chemistry of 3
borax. Extraction of Al and its uses. Alloys of Al.
 Comparison of carbon with silicon. Carbon-di-sulphide – Preparation,
2.3 properties, structure and uses. Per carbonates, per mono carbonates and 3
per di carbonates.
Tutorial 3

3 Chemistry of p-Block Elements (Group15-18)

General characteristics of elements of Group 15; chemistry of H2N-
3.1 NH2, NH2OH, HN3 and HNO3. Chemistry of PH3, PCl3, PCl5, POCl3, 4
P2O5 and oxy acids of phosphorous (H3PO3 and H3PO4).
General properties of elements of Group 16 – Structure and allotropy
of elements – chemistry of ozone – Classification and properties of
3.2 3
oxides – oxides of sulphur and selenium –Oxyacids of sulphur (Caro’s
and Marshall’s acids).
Chemistry of Halogens: General characteristics of halogen with
reference to electronegativity, electron affinity, oxidation states and
oxidizing power. Peculiarities of fluorine. Halogenacids (HF, HCl,
3.3 3
HBr and HI), oxides and oxy acids (HClO4). Inter-halogen compounds
(Icl, ClF3, BrF5 and IF7), pseudohalogens [(CN)2 and (SCN)2] and
basic nature of Iodine.
Noble gases: Position in the periodic table. Preparation, properties and
3.4 structure of XeF2, XeF4, XeF6 and XeOF4; uses of noble gases – 2
clathrate compounds.
Tutorial 3
4 Hydrocarbon Chemistry-I
Hydrocarbon Chemistry-I
Petroproducts: Fractional distillation of petroleum; cracking,
isomerisation, alkylation, reforming and uses
Alkenes-Nomenclature, general methods of preparation – Mechanism
of β-elimination reactions –E1 and E2 mechanism – factors influencing
4.1 4
– stereochemistry – orientation –Hofmann and Saytzeff rules.
Reactions of alkenes – addition reactions – mechanisms –
Markownikoff’s rule, Kharasch effect, oxidation reactions –
hydroxylation, oxidative degradation, epoxidation, ozonolysis;
polymerization.
Alkadienes
4.2 Nomenclature – classification –isolated, conjugated and cumulated 3
dienes; stability of conjugated dienes; mechanism of electrophilic
 addition to conjugated dienes - 1, 2 and 1, 4 additions; free radical
addition to conjugated dienes – Diels–Alder reactions – polymerisation
– polybutadiene, polyisoprene (natural rubber), vulcanisation,
polychloroprene.
Alkynes
Nomenclature; general methods of preparation, properties and
4.3 2
reactions; acidic nature of terminal alkynes and acetylene,
polymerization and isomerisation.
Cycloalkanes: Nomenclature, Relative stability of cycloalkanes,
Bayer’s strain theory and its limitations. Conformational analysis of
4.4 3
cyclohexane, mono and disubstituted cyclohexanes.
Geometrical isomerism in cyclohexanes.
Tutorial 3
5 Hydrocarbon Chemistry-II
Benzene: Source, structure of benzene, stability of benzene ring,
molecular orbital picture of benzene, aromaticity, Huckel’s (4n+2) rule
and its applications. Electrophilic substitution reactions – General
5.1 mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution – nitration, 5
sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel-Craft’s alkylation and acylation.
Mono substituted and disubstituted benzene – Effect of substituent –
orientation and reactivity.
Polynuclear Aromatic hydrocarbons: Naphthalene – nomenclature,
Haworth synthesis; physical properties, reactions – electrophilic
5.2 substitution reaction, nitration, sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel – 4
Crafts acylation & alkylation, preferential substitution at o-position –
reduction, oxidation – uses.
Anthracene – synthesis by Elbs reaction, Diels – Alder reaction and
5.3 Haworth synthesis; physical properties; reactions - Diels-Alder 3
reaction, preferential substitution at C-9 and C-10; uses.
Turorial 3

Teaching methods
Unit Topic No. of lecture
Teaching
hrs
Method
I Acids, bases and Ionic equilibria 15 BB, PPT

II Chemistry of s-Block Elements 15 BB, PPT

III Chemistry of p-Block Elements 15 BB, PPT
(Group15-18)
IV Hydrocarbon Chemistry-I 15 BB, PPT

V Hydrocarbon Chemistry-II 15 BB, Models,

PPT
75
Total
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined B.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: UCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
Qualitative organic analysis and Core lab-
UCH23CL21 - - 4 3
preparation of organic compounds 2

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext.Marks Total

I II 25 75 100
Preamble
This course aims at providing knowledge on
 Laboratory safety
 Handling glass wares
 Analysis of organic compounds
 Preparation of organic compounds

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
Observe the physical state, odour, colour and solubility of 85 85
CO1
the given organic compound.
Identify the presence of special elements and functional 85 83
CO2 group in an unknown organic
compound performing a systematic analysis.
Compare mono and dicarboxylic acids, primary, 80 75
secondary and tertiary amines, mono
CO3 and diamides, mono and polyhydric phenols, aldehyde
and ketone, reducing and nonreducing sugars and explain
the reactions behind it.
Exhibit a solid derivative with respect to the identified 80 75
CO4 functional group.
Identify the suitable separation techniques for the organic 78 75
CO5 compounds

Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S S S S S S
 CO2 M S S S S M
CO3 S S S M S S
CO4 S S S S S S
CO5 S S S S S S

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S S
CO2 S S S S S
CO3 S S S S S
CO4 S S S S S
CO5 S S S S S

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

Bloom’s CA End of
category First Second Semester
Knowledge 40% 40% 40%
Understand 40% 40% 40%
Apply 20% 20% 20%

Syllabus: Qualitative organic analysis and preparation of organic compounds

Unit I: 12 hrs
Safety rules, symbols and first-aid in chemistry laboratory, Basic ideas about Bunsen burner, its
operation and parts of the flame. Chemistry laboratory glassware –basis information and uses

Unit II: Qualitative Organic Analysis 12 hrs

Preliminary examination, detection of special elements - nitrogen, sulphur and Halogens
Aromatic and aliphatic nature,
Test for saturation and unsaturation, identification of functional groups using solubility tests
Confirmation of functional groups
 monocarboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acid
 monohydric phenol, polyhydric phenol
 aldehyde, ketone, ester
 carbohydrate (reducing and non-reducing sugars)
 primary, secondary, tertiary amine
 monoamide, diamide, thioamide
 anilide, nitro compound
 Preparation of derivatives for functional groups

Unit III: Preparation of Organic Compounds 12 hrs

 i. Nitration - picric acid from Phenol
ii. Halogenation - p-bromo acetanilide from acetanilide
iii. Oxidation - benzoic acid from Benzaldehyde
iv. Microwave assisted reactions in water:
v. Methyl benzoate to Benzoic acid
vi. Salicylic acid from Methyl Salicylate
vii. Rearrangement - Benzil to Benzilic Acid
viii. Hydrolysis of benzamide to Benzoic Acid

Unit IV: Separation and Purification Techniques (Not for Examination) 12 hrs
1. Purificationof organic compounds by crystallization (from water / alcohol) and distillation
2. Determination of melting and boiling points of organic compounds.
3. Steam distillation - Extraction of essential oil from citrus fruits/eucalyptus leaves.
Unit V: 12 hrs
4. Chromatography (any one) (Group experiment)
(i) Separation of amino acids by Paper Chromatography
(ii)Thin Layer Chromatography - mixture of sugars / plant pigments/permanganate
dichromate.
(iii) Column Chromatography - extraction of carotene, chlorophyll and xanthophyll from
leaves / separation of anthracene - anthracene picrate.
5. Electrophoresis – Separation of amino acids and proteins. (Demonstration)

6. Isolation of casein from milk/Determination of saponification value of oil or fat/Estimation of

acetic acid from commercial vinegar. (Any one Group experiment) (4,5 & 6–not for ESE)

References:

1. Venkateswaran, V.; Veeraswamy, R.; Kulandaivelu, A.R. Basic Principles of Practical

Chemistry, 2nd ed.; Sultan Chand: New Delhi, 2012.
2. Manna, A.K. Practical Organic Chemistry, Books and Allied: India, 2018.
3. Gurtu, J. N; Kapoor, R. Advanced Experimental Chemistry (Organic), Sultan Chand: New
Delhi, 1987.
4. Furniss,B. S.; Hannaford, A. J.; Smith, P. W. G.; Tatchell, A.R. Vogel’s Textbook of Practical
Organic Chemistry, 5th ed.; Pearson: India,1989.

Web Resources:
https://www.vlab.co.in/broad-area-chemical-sciences

Course Designers:
1. Dr. P. Prakash
2. Dr. R. Mahalakshmy
3. Dr. A. Tamil Selvi
4. Dr. J. Thirupathy
5. Dr. K. Venkatesh
 Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.

Safety rules, symbols and first-aid in chemistry laboratory, Basic ideas

I 7
about Bunsen burner, its operation and parts of the flame. Chemistry
laboratory glassware –basis information and uses
II Qualitative Organic Analysis 12
Preliminary examination, detection of special elements - nitrogen,
sulphur and Halogens
Aromatic and aliphatic nature,
Test for saturation and unsaturation, identification of functional groups
using solubility tests
Confirmation of functional groups
 monocarboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acid
 monohydric phenol, polyhydric phenol
 aldehyde, ketone, ester
 carbohydrate (reducing and non-reducing sugars)
 primary, secondary, tertiary amine
 monoamide, diamide, thioamide
 anilide, nitro compound
 Preparation of derivatives for functional groups

Preparation of Organic Compounds

III 12
i. Nitration - picric acid from Phenol
ii. Halogenation - p-bromo acetanilide from acetanilide
iii. Oxidation - benzoic acid from Benzaldehyde
iv. Microwave assisted reactions in water:
v. Methyl benzoate to Benzoic acid
vi. Salicylic acid from Methyl Salicylate
vii. Rearrangement - Benzil to Benzilic Acid
viii. Hydrolysis of benzamide to Benzoic Acid

Separation and Purification Techniques (Not for Examination)

1. Purificationof organic compounds by crystallization (from water /
alcohol) and distillation
IV 2. Determination of melting and boiling points of organic compounds. 12
3. Steam distillation - Extraction of essential oil from citrus
fruits/eucalyptus leaves.

4. Chromatography (any one) (Group experiment)

V (i) Separation of amino acids by Paper Chromatography 12
(ii)Thin Layer Chromatography - mixture of sugars / plant
 pigments/permanganate dichromate.
(iii) Column Chromatography - extraction of carotene,
chlorophyll and xanthophyll from leaves / separation of
anthracene - anthracene picrate.
5. Electrophoresis – Separation of amino acids and proteins.
(Demonstration)

6. Isolation of casein from milk/Determination of saponification value

of oil or fat/Estimation of acetic acid from commercial vinegar. (Any
one Group experiment) (4,5 & 6–not for ESE)

Model practical & viva voce 5

 Thiagarajar College(Autonomous), Madurai – 625 009
(Re-Accredited with A++ Grade by NAAC)
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined B.Sc., Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programming Code: UCH

Course Code Course title Category L T P Credit

UCH23NT21 Dairy chemistry NME- 2 2 - - 2

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I II 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims at giving an overall view of chemistry of milk and milk products, processing of
milk and preservation and formation of milk products.
Course Outcomes
On the completion of the course the student will be able to
# Course Outcome Expected Expected
Proficiency attainment

CO1 Understand about general composition of milk – 85% 80%

constituents and its physical properties.
CO2 Acquire knowledge about pasteurization of Milk and 78% 75%
various types of pasteurization - Bottle, Batch and HTST
Ultra High Temperature Pasteurization.
CO3 Learn about Cream and Butter their composition and 80% 75%
how to estimate fat in cream and Ghee
CO4 Explain about Homogenized milk, flavoured milk, 75% 72%
vitaminised milk and toned milk.

CO5 Get an idea about how to make milk powder and its 78% 74%
drying process - types of drying process

Mapping of COs and PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S M

CO2 S M S S S
 CO3 S S M S S

CO4 S S S M S

CO5 S S S M S

S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Mapping of COs with POs (B.Sc)

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S S M S S S
CO2 S S M S S S

CO3 S S M S S S

CO4 S S M S S S

CO5 S S M S S S

Mapping of COs with POs (B.A)

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S S M M S S
CO2 S S M M S S

CO3 S S M M S S

CO4 S S M M S S

CO5 S S M M S S

Mapping of COs with POs (B.B.A)

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S S M S M S
CO2 S S M S M S

CO3 S S M S M S
 CO4 S S M S M S

CO5 S S M S M S

Mapping of COs with POs (B.Com)

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5

CO1 S M S S S
CO2 S M S S S

CO3 S M S S S

CO4 S M S S S

CO5 S M S S S

S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Bloom’s Taxonomy and assessment pattern

Bloom’s CA End of Semester

Taxonomy First Second (%)
(%) (%)
Knowledge 40 40 40
Understand 40 40 40
Apply 20 20 20

UNIT – I Composition of Milk 6 hrs

Milk- definition-general composition of milk -constituents of milk - lipids, proteins,
carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals - physical properties of milk -colour, odour, acidity,
specific gravity, viscosity and conductivity -Factors affecting the composition of milk -
adulterants, preservatives with neutralizer examples and their detection- estimation of fat, acidity
and total solids in milk.
UNIT – II Processing of Milk 6 hrs
Microbiology of milk - destruction of micro - organisms in milk, physico-chemical changes
taking place in milk due to processing - boiling, pasteurization – types of pasteurization - Bottle,
Batch and HTST (High Temperature Short Time) – Vacuum pasteurization – Ultra High
Temperature Pasteurization.
UNIT – III Major Milk Products 6 hrs
Cream - definition - composition - chemistry of creaming process -gravitational and centrifugal
methods of separation of cream - estimation of fat in cream. Butter - definition -composition -
theory of churning – desi butter -salted butter, estimation of acidity and moisture content in
butter. Ghee – major constituents - common adulterants added to ghee and their detection –
rancidity - definition - prevention - antioxidants and synergists - natural and synthetic.
UNIT – IV Special Milk 6 hrs
Standardised milk - definition - merits - reconstituted milk - definition – flow diagram of
manufacture - Homogenised milk - flavoured milk – vitaminised milk - toned milk -Incitation
milk - Vegetable toned milk - humanized milk -condensed milk - definition, composition and
nutritive value.
UNIT – V Fermented and other Milk Products 6 hrs
Fermented milk products – fermentation of milk - definition, conditions, cultured milk -
definition of culture - example, conditions - cultured cream, butter milk - Bulgarious milk -
acidophilous milk – Yoheer Indigeneous products- khoa and chhena definition - Ice cream -
definition-percentage composition-types-ingredients-manufacture of ice–cream, stabilizers -
Emulsifiers and their role-milk powder-definition-need for making milk powder drying process-
types of drying.

Text Books
1. K. Bagavathi Sundari, Applied Chemistry, MJP Publishers, first edition, 2006.
2. K. S. Rangappa and K.T. Acharya, Indian Dairy Products, Asia Publishing House New
Delhi, 1974.
3. Text book of dairy chemistry, M.P. Mathur, D. Datta Roy, P. Dinakar, Indian Council of
Agricultural Research, 1 st edition, 2008.
4. A Text book of dairy chemistry, Saurav Singh, Daya Publishing house, 1st edition, 2013.
5. Text book of dairy chemistry, P. L. Choudhary, Bio-Green book publishers, 2021.
Reference Books
1. Robert Jenness and S. Patom, Principles of Dairy Chemistry, S.Wiley, New York, 2005.
2. F.P.Wond, Fundamentals of Dairy Chemistry, Springer, Singapore, 2006.
3. Sukumar De, Outlines of Dairy Technology, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 1980.
4. P.F.Fox and P.L.H. Mcsweeney, Dairy Chemistry and Biochemistry, Springer, Second
edition, 2016.
5. Dairy chemistry and biochemistry, P. F. Fox, T. Uniacke-Lowe, P.L.H. McSweeney, J.A.
O Mahony, Springer, Second edition, 2015.

Course Designers
1. Dr. M. Sathiya
Course contents and lecture schedule

TOPIC No. OF
LECTURE
Hrs
UNIT – I
Composition of Milk
1.1 Milk- definition-general composition of milk. 1
1.2 Constituents of milk -lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals 1
1.3 Physical properties of milk -colour, odour, acidity, specific gravity, 1
viscosity and conductivity
1.4 Factors affecting the composition of milk 1
1.5 Adulterants, preservatives with neutralizer examples and their detection 1
1.6 Estimation of fat, acidity and total solids in milk. 1
UNIT – II
Processing of Milk
2.1 Microbiology of milk - destruction of microorganisms in milk 1
2.2 Physico-chemical changes taking place in milk due to processing 1
2.3 boiling, pasteurization 1
2.4 Types of pasteurization - Bottle, Batch and HTST (High Temperature 2
Short Time)
2.5 Vacuum pasteurization – Ultra High Temperature Pasteurization. 1
UNIT – III
Major Milk Products
3.1 Cream - definition - composition 1
3.2 Chemistry of creaming process -gravitational and centrifugal methods of 1
separation of cream
3.3 Estimation of fat in cream 1
3.4 Butter - definition -composition - theory of churning – desi butter -salted 1
butter, estimation of acidity and moisture content in butter.
3.5 Ghee – major constituents - common adulterants added to ghee and their 1
detection
3.6 Rancidity - definition - prevention - antioxidants and synergists - natural 1
and synthetic.
UNIT – IV
Special Milk
4.1 Standardised milk - definition - merits 1
4.2 Reconstituted milk definition – flow diagram of manufacture 2
4.3 Homogenised milk - flavoured milk – vitaminised milk - toned milk - 3
Incitation milk - Vegetable toned milk - humanized milk -condensed milk -
definition, composition and nutritive value.
 UNIT –V
Fermented and other Milk Products
5.1 Fermented milk products – fermentation of milk - definition, conditions 1
5.2 Cultured milk - definition of culture - example, conditions - cultured 2
cream, butter milk - Bulgarious milk -acidophilous milk
5.3 Yoheer Indigeneous products- khoa and chhena definition 1
5.4 Ice cream- definition-percentage, composition- types- ingredients- 1
manufacture of ice–cream, stabilizers -Emulsifiers and their role
5.5 Milk powder-definition-need for making milk powder drying process- 1
types of drying
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous), Madurai – 625 009
(Re-Accredited with A++ Grade by NAAC)
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined B.Sc., Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programming Code: UCH

Course Code Course title Category L T P Credit

UCH23ST21 Cosmetics and Personal SEC- 1 2 - - 2
Grooming

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I II 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims at familiarizing the students with formulations of various types of cosmetics
and their significance, hair, skin and dental care, makeup preparations and personal grooming
Course Outcomes
On the completion of the course the student will be able to
# Course Outcome Expected Expected
Proficiency attainment

CO1 Know about the composition of various cosmetic products 75% 75%

CO2 Understand chemical aspects and applications of hair care and 75% 75%
dental care and skin care products.
CO3 Understand chemical aspects and applications of perfumes 75% 75%
and skin care products.
CO4 Understand the methods of beauty treatments their advantages 75% 75%
and disadvantage
CO5 Understand the hazards of cosmetic products. 75% 75%

Mapping of COs and POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S S M S S S
CO2 S S M S S S

CO3 S S M S S S

CO4 S S M S S S
 CO5 S S M S S S

S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S M

CO2 S M S S S

CO3 S S M S S

CO4 S S S M S

CO5 S S S M S

S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Bloom’s Taxonomy and assessment pattern

Bloom’s Taxonomy CA End of Semester

First Second (%)
(%) (%)
Knowledge 40 40 40
Understand 40 40 40
Apply 20 20 20

UNIT – I: Skin care 6 hrs

Nutrition of the skin, skin care and cleansing of the skin; face powder – ingredients; creams and
lotions – cleansing, moisturizing all purpose, shaving and sunscreen (formulation only); Gels –
formulation and advantages; astringent and skin tonics – key ingredients, skin lightness,
depilatories.
UNIT – II : Hair care 6 hrs
Shampoos – types – powder, cream, liquid, gel – ingredients; conditioner –types – ingredients
Dental care
Tooth pastes – ingredients – mouth wash
UNIT – III:Make up 6 hrs
Base – foundation – types – ingredients; lipstick, eyeliner, mascara, eye shadow, concealers,
rouge.
UNIT – IV: Perfumes 6 hrs
Classification - Natural – plant origin – parts of the plant used, chief constituents; animal origin –
amber gries from whale, civetone from civet cat, musk from musk deer; synthetic – classification
emphasizing characteristics –esters – alcohols – aldehydes – ketones
UNIT – V: Beauty treatments 6 hrs
Facials - types – advantages – disadvantages; face masks – types; bleach - types – advantages–
disadvantages; shaping the brows; eyelash tinting; perming– types; hair colouring and dyeing
permanent waving – hair straightening; wax– types – waxing; pedicure, manicure - advantages –
disadvantages.

Text Books
1. Thankamma Jacob, (1997) Foods, drugs and cometics – A consumer guide,
Macmillan publication, London.
Reference Books
1. W.A.Poucher, Joseph A. Brink,Jr. Perfumes, Cosmetics and Soaps, Springer,2000.
2. Wilkinson J B E and Moore R J, (1997) Harry’s cosmeticology, 7th ed.,
Chemical Publishers, London.
3. George Howard, (1987) Principles and practice of perfumes and cosmetics
Stanley Therones, Chettenham
E-Resources
1. http://www.khake.com/page75.html
2. Net.foxsm/list/284
Course Designers
1. Dr. M. Sathiya

Course contents and lecture schedule

Unit TOPIC No. of

lecturehrs

Skin care
1.1 Nutrition of the skin, 1
1.2 Skin care and cleansing of the skin 1
1.3 Face powder – ingredients 1
1.4 Creams and lotions – cleansing, moisturizing all purpose, shaving and 1
sunscreen (formulation only);
1.5 Gels – formulation and advantages; 1
1.6 Astringent and skin tonics – key ingredients, skin lightness, depilatories. 1
UNIT – II
2.1 Hair care : Shampoos – types – powder, cream, liquid, gel –ingredients; 2
2.2 Hair conditioner –types – ingredients 2
2.3 Dental care :Tooth pastes – ingredients – mouth wash 2
UNIT – III
Make up
3.1 Base – foundation – types – ingredients 3
3.2 Lipstick, eyeliner, mascara, eye shadow, concealers, rouge. 3
UNIT – IV
Perfumes
4.1 Classification 1
4.2 Natural – plant origin – parts of the plant used, chief constituents; 1
4.3 Animal origin –amber gries from whale, civetone from civet cat, musk 2
from musk deer;
4.4 Synthetic – classification emphasizing characteristics –esters – alcohols 2
– aldehydes – ketones
UNIT –V
Beauty treatments
5.1 Facials - types 1
5.2 Face masks – types; bleach - types – advantages– disadvantages; 1
5.3 Shaping the brows; eyelash tinting; perming– types 1
5.4 Advantages – disadvantages hair colouring and dyeing, –permanent 1
waving – hair straightening;
5.5 Wax– types – waxing; pedicure, manicure - advantages – disadvantages. 2
GENERIC ELECTIVES
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous):: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined B.Sc. Mathematics/Physics with effect from 2023-2024 Batches onwards)
Programme Code: UCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
UCH23GT11M/ Chemistry for Physical Sciences - I Elective-1
3 - - 2
UCH23GT31P (For Mathematics & Physics) (Generic)

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I/II I/III 25 75 100

Preamble

This course aims to provide knowledge on the

 Basics of atomic orbitals, chemical bonds, hybridization
 Concepts of thermodynamics and its applications.
 Concepts of nuclear chemistry
 Importance of chemical industries
 Qualitative and analytical methods.

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course the student will be able to
Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
Gain in-depth knowledge about the theories of chemical 85 80
CO1 bonding, nuclear reactions and its applications.
Evaluate the efficiencies and uses of various fuels and 90 85
CO2 Fertilizers
Explain the type of hybridization, electronic effect and 85 80
CO3
mechanism involved in the organic reactions
Apply various thermodynamic principles, systems and 80 75
CO4 phase rule

Explain various methods to identify an appropriate method for 80 75

CO5 the separation of chemical components

Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S M M L S L
CO2 S S M S S S
CO3 S S M S S L
 CO4 S S M L M S
CO5 S S M S M S
S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S M M M S
CO2 S M M S S
CO3 S M S M S
CO4 S M M M S
CO5 S S S S S
S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

Bloom’s Taxonomy CA End of

First Second Semester
Knowledge 40% 40% 40%
Understand 40% 40% 40%
Apply 20% 20% 20%

Course title: Chemistry for Physical Sciences - I

Unit I: Chemical Bonding and Nuclear Chemistry 9 hrs

Chemical Bonding: Molecular Orbital Theory-bonding, antibonding and non-bonding orbitals.

Molecular orbital diagrams for Hydrogen, Helium, Nitrogen; discussion of bond order and
magnetic properties.

Nuclear Chemistry: Fundamental particles - Isotopes, Isobars, Isotones and Isomers-Differences

between chemical reactions and nuclear reactions - group displacement law. Nuclear binding
energy - mass defect - calculations. Nuclear fission and nuclear fusion - differences – Stellar
energy. Applications of radioisotopes – carbon dating, rock dating and medicinal applications.

Unit II: Industrial Chemistry 9 hrs

Fuels: Fuel gases- Natural gas, water gas, semi water gas, carbureted
water gas, producer gas, CNG, LPG and oil gas (manufacturing details not required).
Silicones: Synthesis, properties and uses of silicones.
Fertilizers: Urea, ammonium sulphate, potassium nitrate, NPK fertilizer, superphosphate, triple
superphosphate

Unit III: Fundamental Concepts in Organic Chemistry 9 hrs

Hybridization: Orbital overlap, hybridization and geometry of CH4, C2H4, C2H2 and C6H6.
Electronic effects: Inductive effect and consequences on Ka and Kb of organic acids and bases,
electromeric, mesomeric, hyper conjugation and steric-examples.
Reaction mechanisms: Types of reactions–aromaticity (Huckel’s rule)–aromatic electrophilic
substitution; nitration, halogenation, Friedel-Craft’s alkylation and acylation.
Heterocyclic compounds: Preparation, properties of pyrrole and pyridine.

Unit IV: Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria Thermodynamics 9 hrs

Types of systems, reversible and irreversible processes, isothermal and adiabatic processes and
spontaneous processes. Statements of first law and second law of thermodynamics. Carnot’s
cycle and efficiency of heat engine. Entropy and its significance. Free energy change and its
importance (no derivation). Conditions for spontaneity in terms of entropy and Gibbs free
energy. Relationship between Gibbs free energy and entropy.

Phase Equilibria: Phase rule - definition of terms in it. Applications of phase rule to water
system. Two component system - Reduced phase rule and its application to a simple eutectic
system (Pb-Ag).

Unit V: Analytical Chemistry 9 hrs

Introduction to qualitative and quantitative analysis. Principles of volumetric analysis. Separation

and purification techniques – extraction, distillation and crystallization.

Chromatography: Principle and application of column, paper and thin layer chromatography.

Text Books:
1. V. Veeraiyan, Text book of Ancillary Chemistry; High mount publishing house, Chennai, first
edition, 2009.
2. S.Vaithyanathan, Text book of Ancillary Chemistry; Priya Publications, Karur, 2006.
3. S. Arun Bahl, B.S.Bahl, Advanced Organic Chemistry; S. Chand and Company, New Delhi,
twenty third editions, 2012.
4. P.L.Soni, H. M. Chawla, Text Book of Organic Chemistry; Sultan Chand & sons, New Delhi,
twenty ninth edition, 2007

References:
5. P. L. Soni, Mohan Katyal, Textbook of Inorganicchemistry; Sultan Chand and Company,
New Delhi, twentieth edition, 2007.
6.B. R. Puri, L.R.Sharma, M.S.Pathania, Textbook Physical Chemistry; Vishal Publishing Co.,
New Delhi, forty forty seventh edition, 2018.
7. B.K. Sharma, Industrial Chemistry; GOEL publishing house, Meerut, sixteenth edition, 2014.
Web Resources:
1. https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Oregon_Institute_of_Technology/OIT%3A_CHE_201_-
_General_Chemistry_I_(Anthony_and_Clark)/Unit_3%3A_Nuclei_Ions_and_Molecules/3.1%3
A_Nuclear_Chemistry_and_Radioactive_Decay
2.https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_Georgia/CHEM_3212/09%3A_Phase_Equil
ibria
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikPPLiN4AAQ

Course Designers:
Dr. R. Sayeekannan
Dr. R. Mahalakshmy
Dr. A. R. Ramesh
Dr. D.S.Bhuvaneshwari
Dr. K. Selvakumar
Dr.M. Sathiya

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.
1 Chemical Bonding and Nuclear Chemistry

1.1 Chemical Bonding: Molecular Orbital Theory 2

Bonding, antibonding and non-bonding orbitals. Molecular orbital
1.2 diagrams for Hydrogen, Helium, Nitrogen; discussion of bond order 2
and magnetic properties.
Nuclear Chemistry: Fundamental particles - Isotopes, Isobars, Isotones
1.3 1
and Isomers
Differences between chemical reactions and nuclear reactions - group
1.4 1
displacement law.
Nuclear binding energy - mass defect - calculations. Nuclear fission
1.5 1
and nuclear fusion - differences – Stellar energy.
Applications of radioisotopes – carbon dating, rock dating and
1.6 2
medicinal applications
2 Industrial Chemistry
Fuels: Fuel gases- Natural gas, water gas, semi water gas, carbureted
2.1 2
water gas,
Producer gas, CNG, LPG and oil gas (manufacturing details not
2.2 2
required).
2.3 Silicones: Synthesis, properties and uses of silicones. 2

2.4 Fertilizers: Urea, ammonium sulphate 3

3 Fundamental Concepts in Organic Chemistry

 potassium nitrate, NPK fertilizer, superphosphate, triple
3.1 superphosphate 2

Orbital overlap, hybridization and geometry of CH4, C2H4, C2H2 and

3.2 1
C6H6.
Electronic effects: Inductive effect Consequences on Ka and Kb of
3.3 1
organic acids and bases,
3.4 Electromeric, mesomeric, hyper conjugation and steric- examples. 2

3.5 Reaction mechanisms: Types of reactions–aromaticity (Huckel’s rule) 1

aromatic electrophilic substitution; nitration, halogenation,
3.6 1
Friedel- Craft’s alkylation and acylation.
Heterocyclic compounds: Preparation, properties of pyrrole and
3.7 1
Pyridine
4 Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria Thermodynamics
Types of systems, reversible and irreversible processes, isothermal and
4.1 2
adiabatic processes and spontaneous processes.
Statements of first law and second law of thermodynamics. Carnot’s
4.2 1
cycle and efficiency of heat engine.
Entropy and its significance. Free energy change and its importance
4.3 1
(no derivation).
Conditions for spontaneity in terms of entropy and Gibbs free energy.
4.3 1
Relationship between Gibbs free energy and entropy.
Phase rule - definition of terms in it. Applications of phase rule to
4.4 2
water system. Two component system
Reduced phase rule and its application to a simple eutectic system (Pb-
4.5 2
Ag).
5 Analytical Chemistry
Introduction to qualitative and quantitative analysis. Principles of
5.1 3
volumetric analysis.
Separation and purification techniques – extraction, distillation and
5.2 3
crystallization.
Chromatography: Principle and application of column, paper and thin
5.3 3
layer chromatography.

Teaching methods

Lecture
Unit Topic Teaching Method
hrs.
1 Chemical Bonding and Nuclear Chemistry 9 BP/PPT
2 Industrial Chemistry 9 BP/PPT
3 Fundamental Concepts in Organic Chemistry 9 BP/PPT
 Hybridization
Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria
4 9 BP/PPT
Thermodynamics
5 Analytical Chemistry 9 BP/PPT
Total 45
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous):: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined B.Sc. Mathematics/Physics with effect from 2023-2024 batches onwards)
Programme Code: UCH
Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
UCH23GT21M Chemistry for Physical Sciences - II Elective-2
3 - - 2
/ UCH23GT41P (For Mathematics & Physics) (Generic)

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I/II II/IV 25 75 100
Preamble

This course aims at providing knowledge on the

 Co-ordination Chemistry and Water Technology
 Carbohydrates and Amino acids
 Basics and applications of electrochemistry
 Basics and applications of kinetics and catalysis
 Various photochemical phenomenons

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to
Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
Write the IUPAC name for complex, different theories to 80 75
CO1 explain the bonding in coordination compounds and water
Technology
Explain the preparation and property of carbohydrate, 85 80
CO2 amino acids and nucleic acids.
Explain the preparation and property of carbohydrate, 80 78
CO3 amino acids and nucleic acids.
Identify the reaction rate, order for chemical reaction and 80 75
CO4 explain the purpose of a catalyst.
CO5 Outline the various type of photochemical process. 80 78

Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S S M M S L
CO2 S S M S S S
CO3 S S M S S M
CO4 S S M S M S
CO5 S S M S M S
S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S M M M S
CO2 S S M S S
CO3 S M S M S
CO4 S M M S S
CO5 S S M S S
S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

Bloom’s CA End of
category First Second Semester
Knowledge 40% 40% 40%
Understand 40% 40% 40%
Apply 20% 20% 20%

Course title: Chemistry for Physical sciences - II

Unit I: Co-ordination Chemistry and Water Technology Co-ordination Chemistry 9 hrs

Definition of terms-IUPAC Nomenclature - Werner’s theory - EAN rule - Pauling’s theory –

Postulates - Applications to [Ni(CO)4], [Ni(CN)4]2-, [Co(CN)6]3- Chelation - Biological role of
Haemoglobin and Chlorophyll (elementary idea) – Applications in qualitative and quantitative
analysis.

Water Technology: Hardness of water, determination of hardness of water using EDTA method,
zeolite method-Purification techniques - BOD, COD.
Unit II:Carbohydrates and Amino acids Carbohydrates 9 hrs

Classification, preparation and properties of glucose, fructose and sucrose. Discussion of open
chain ring structures of glucose and fructose. Glucose –fructose interconversion. Properties of
starch and cellulose.
Amino acids: Classification - preparation and properties of alanine, preparation of dipeptides
using Bergmann method. RNA and DNA (elementary idea only).

Unit-III: Electrochemistry 9 hrs

Galvanic cells - Standard hydrogen electrode - calomel electrode - standard electrode potentials -
electrochemical series. Strong and weak electrolytes - ionic product of water -pH, pKa, pKb.
Conductometric titrations - pH determination by colorimetric method – buffer solutions and its
biological applications - electroplating - Nickel and chrome plating – Types of cells - fuel cells -
corrosion and its prevention.

Unit IV: Kinetics and Catalysis 9 hrs

Order and molecularity. Integrated rate expression for I and II (2A Products) order reactions.
Pseudo first order reaction, methods of determining order of a reaction – Half-life period –
Catalysis - homogeneous and heterogeneous, catalyst used in Contact and Haber’s processes.
Concept of energy of activation and Arrhenius equation.

Unit V: Photochemistry 9 hrs

Grothus-Draper’s law and Stark-Einstein’s law of photochemical equivalence, Quantum yield -

Hydrogen-chloride reaction. Phosphorescence, fluorescence, chemiluminescence and
photosensitization and photosynthesis (definition with examples).

Text Books:
1. V. Veeraiyan, Textbook of Ancillary Chemistry; High mount publishing house, Chennai, first
edition, 2009.
2. S. Vaithyanathan, Text book of Ancillary Chemistry; Priya Publications, Karur, 2006.
3. Arun Bahl, B.S. Bahl, Advanced Organic Chemistry; S. Chand and Company, New Delhi,
twenty third edition, 2012.
4. P.L. Soni, H.M. Chawla, Text Book of Organic Chemistry; Sultan Chand & sons, New Delhi,
twenty ninth edition, 2007.

References:
1. P.L. Soni, Mohan Katyal, Text book of Inorganic chemistry; Sultan Chand and Company,
New Delhi, twentieth edition, 2007.
2. R. Puri, L.R. Sharma, M.S. Pathania, Text book Physical Chemistry; Vishal Publishing Co.,
New Delhi, forty seventh edition, 2018. 67
3. B.K, Sharma, Industrial Chemistry; GOEL publishing house, Meerut, sixteenth edition, 2014.

Web Resources:
1. https://byjus.com/jee/coordination-compounds/
2. https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/chemistry-of-life/properties-structure-and-
function-of-biological-macromolecules/v/introduction-to-amino-acids
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DC4J0t1z3e8

Course Designers:

Dr. R. Sayeekannan
Dr. R. Mahalakshmy
Dr. A. R. Ramesh
Dr. D.S.Bhuvaneshwari
Dr. K. Selvakumar
Dr.M. Sathiya

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.
Co-ordination Chemistry and Water Technology Co-ordination
1
Chemistry
Definition of terms-IUPAC Nomenclature - Werner’s theory - EAN
1.1 2
Rule
Pauling’s theory – Postulates - Applications to [Ni(CO)4], [Ni(CN)4]2-,
1.2 1
[Co(CN)6]3- Chelation
1.3 Biological role of Haemoglobin and Chlorophyll (elementary idea) 2
Applications in qualitative and quantitative analysis.
1.4 1
Water Technology: Hardness of water, determination of hardness of
1.5 2
water using EDTA method
1.6 Zeolite method-Purification techniques- BOD, COD. 1

2 Carbohydrates and Amino acids Carbohydrates

Classification, preparation and properties of glucose, fructose and
2.1 2
sucrose.
Discussion of open chain ring structures of glucose and fructose.
2.2 1
Glucose –fructose interconversion.
Properties of starch and cellulose. Amino acids: Classification
2.3 3
Preparation and properties of alanine, preparation of dipeptides using
2.4 3
Bergmann method. RNA and DNA (elementary idea only).
3 Electrochemistry
Galvanic cells - Standard hydrogen electrode - calomel electrode -
3.1 standard electrode potentials - 2

Electrochemical series. Strong and weak electrolytes - ionic product of

3.2 2
water -pH, pKa, pKb. Conductometric titrations
pH determination by colorimetric method- Buffer solutions and its
3.3 2
biological applications
3.4 Electroplating - Nickel and chrome plating 1
3.5 Types of cells -fuel cells-corrosion and its prevention. 2
4 Kinetics and Catalysis
Order and molecularity. Integrated rate expression for I and II (2A
4.1 2
Products) order reactions.
 Pseudo first order reaction, methods of determining order of a reaction
4.2 2
– Half-life period
Catalysis - homogeneous and heterogeneous, catalyst used in Contact
4.3 2
and Haber’s processes.
Concept of energy of activation and Arrhenius equation.
4.4 3

5 Photochemistry
Grothus-Draper’s law and Stark-Einstein’s law of photochemical
5.1 3
equivalence, Quantum yield
Hydrogen-chloride reaction. Phosphorescence, fluorescence,
5.2 3
Chemiluminescence
5.3 Photosensitization and photosynthesis (definition with examples). 3

Teaching methods

Lecture
Unit Topic Teaching Method
hrs.
Co-ordination Chemistry and Water Technology Co-
1 9 BP/PPT
ordination Chemistry
2 Carbohydrates and Amino acids Carbohydrates 9 BP/PPT
3 Electrochemistry 9 BP/PPT
4 Kinetic and catalysis 9 BP/PPT
5 Photochemistry 9 BP/PPT
Total 45
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous):: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined B.Sc. Zoology/Botany with effect from 2023-2024 batches onwards)
Programme Code: UCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
Chemistry for biological
UCH23GT11Z Elective-1
sciences-I 3 - - 2
/UCH23GT31B (Generic)
(For Zoology and Botany)

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I/II I/III 25 75 100
Preamble

This course aims at providing knowledge on

 Basics of atomic orbitals, chemical bonds, hybridization and fundamentals of organic
chemistry
 Nuclear chemistry and industrial chemistry
 Importance of speciality drugs and
 Separation and purification

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course the students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
State the theories of chemical bonding, nuclear reactions 80 75
CO1 and its applications.
Evaluate the efficiencies and uses of various fuels and 85 80
CO2 fertilizers.
Explain the type of hybridization, electronic effect and 80 78
CO3 mechanism involved in the organic reactions
Demonstrate the structure and uses of antibiotics, 80 75
CO4
anaesthetics, antipyretics and artificial sugars.
Analyse various methods to identify an appropriate 75 73
CO5 method for the separation of chemical components.

Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S M M L S L
CO2 S S M S S S
CO3 S S L S S L
 CO4 S S M L M S
CO5 S S M S M S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S M M M S
CO2 S M S S S
CO3 S M S M S
CO4 S M M M S
CO5 S S M S S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

Bloom’s category CA End of

First Second Semester
Knowledge 40% 40% 40%
Understand 40% 40% 40%
Apply 20% 20% 20%

Course title: Chemistry for biological sciences -I

Unit I:Chemical Bonding and Nuclear Chemistry 9 hrs

Chemical Bonding: Molecular Orbital Theory-bonding, antibonding and non-bonding orbitals.

Molecular orbital diagrams for Hydrogen, Helium, Nitrogen; discussion of bond order and
magnetic properties.
Nuclear Chemistry: Fundamental particles - Isotopes, Isobars, Isotones and Isomers-
Differences between chemical reactions and nuclear reactions - group displacement law. Nuclear
binding energy - mass defect - calculations. Nuclear fission and nuclear fusion - differences –
Stellar energy. Applications of radioisotopes – carbon dating, rock dating and medicinal
applications.
Unit II:Industrial Chemistry 9 hrs

Fuels: Fuel gases- Natural gas, water gas, semi water gas, carbureted water gas, producer gas,
CNG, LPG and oil gas (manufacturing details not required).
Silicones: Synthesis, properties and uses of silicones.
Fertilizers: Urea, ammonium sulphate, potassium nitrate, NPK fertilizer, superphosphate, triple
superphosphate
Unit III:Fundamental Concepts in Organic Chemistry Hybridization: 9 hrs

Orbital overlap hybridization and geometry of CH4, C2H4, C2H2 and C6H6. Polar effects:
Inductive effect and consequences on Ka and Kb of organic acids and bases, electromeric,
mesomeric, hyper conjugation and steric-examples and explanation.

Reaction mechanisms: Types of reactions- aromaticity-aromatic electrophilic substitution;

nitration, halogenation, Friedel-Craft’s alkylation and acylation.

Heterocyclic compounds: Preparation, properties of pyrrole and pyridine.

Unit IV:Drugs and specialty Chemicals 9 hrs

Definition, structure and uses: Antibiotics viz., Penicillin, Chloramphenicol and Streptomycin;
Anaesthetics viz., Chloroform and ether; Antipyretics viz., aspirin, paracetamol and ibuprofen;
Artificial Sweeteners viz., saccharin, Aspartame and cyclamate; Organic Halogen compounds
viz., Freon, Teflon.
Unit V:Analytical Chemistry 9 hrs

Introduction qualitative and quantitative analysis. Principles of volumetric analysis. Separation

and purification techniques: extraction, distillation and crystallization. Chromatography:
principle and application of column, paper and thin layer chromatography.
Text Books:
1. V. Veeraiyan, Textbook of Ancillary Chemistry; High mount publishing house, Chennai, first
edition, 2009.
2. S. Vaithyanathan, Text book of Ancillary Chemistry; Priya Publications, Karur, 2006.
3. Arun Bahl, B.S. Bahl, Advanced Organic Chemistry; S. Chand and Company, New Delhi,
twenty third edition, 2012.
4. P.L. Soni, H.M. Chawla, Text Book of Organic Chemistry; Sultan Chand & sons, New Delhi,
twenty ninth edition, 2007.

References:
1. P.L. Soni, Mohan Katyal, Text book of Inorganic chemistry; Sultan Chand and Company,
New Delhi, twentieth edition, 2007.
2. R. Puri, L.R. Sharma, M.S. Pathania, Text book Physical Chemistry; Vishal Publishing Co.,
New Delhi, forty seventh edition, 2018. 67
3. Jayashree gosh, Fundamental Concepts of Applied Chemistry; Sultan & Chand, Edition 2006.

Web Resources:
1. https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Oregon_Institute_of_Technology/OIT%3A_CHE_201_-
_General_Chemistry_I_(Anthony_and_Clark)/Unit_3%3A_Nuclei_Ions_and_Molecules/3.1%3
A_Nuclear_Chemistry_and_Radioactive_Decay
2.https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_Georgia/CHEM_3212/09%3A_Phase_Equil
ibria
3.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikPPLiN4AAQ
Course Designers:

Dr. R. Sayeekannan
Dr. R. Mahalakshmy
Dr. A. R. Ramesh
Dr. D.S.Bhuvaneshwari
Dr. K. Selvakumar
Dr.M. Sathiya

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.
1 Chemical Bonding and Nuclear Chemistry
Chemical Bonding: Molecular Orbital Theory-bonding, antibonding
1.1 2
and non-bonding orbitals.
Molecular orbital diagrams for Hydrogen, Helium, Nitrogen;
1.2 1
discussion of bond order and magnetic properties.
Fundamental particles - Isotopes, Isobars, Isotones and Isomers-
1.3 1
Differences between chemical reactions and nuclear reactions
Group displacement law. Nuclear binding energy - mass defect -
1.4 1
calculations.
Nuclear fission and nuclear fusion - differences – Stellar energy.
1.5 2
Applications of radioisotopes
1.6 Carbon dating, rock dating and medicinal applications. 2

2 Industrial Chemistry

2.1 Fuels: Fuel gases- Natural gas, water gas, semi water gas, 2
Carbureted water gas, producer gas, CNG, LPG and oil gas
2.2 2
(manufacturing details not required).
2.3 Silicones: Synthesis, properties and uses of silicones. 1

2.4 Fertilizers: Urea, ammonium sulphate, potassium nitrate, NPK 2

2.5 Fertilizer, superphosphate, triple superphosphate 2

3 Fundamental Concepts in Organic Chemistry

Orbital overlap hybridization and geometry of CH4, C2H4, C2H2 and
3.1 2
C6H6.
Polar effects: Inductive effect -Consequences on Ka and Kb of organic
3.2 2
acids and bases.
3.3 Electromeric, mesomeric, hyper conjugation- Steric effect-examples 1
 and explanation
3.4 Types of reactions- aromaticity-aromatic electrophilic substitution; 2
Nitration, halogenation, Friedel-Craft’s alkylation and acylation.
3.5 1
Heterocyclic compounds
3.6 Preparation, properties of pyrrole and pyridine 1
4 Drugs and Speciality Chemicals
4.1 Definition, structure and uses: Antibiotics viz., Penicillin 2
Chloramphenicol and Streptomycin; Anaesthetics viz., Chloroform and
4.2 2
Ether
Antipyretics viz., aspirin, paracetamol and ibuprofen; Artificial
4.3 2
Sweeteners viz., saccharin, Aspartame and cyclamate

4.4 Organic Halogen compounds viz., Freon, Teflon. 3

5 Analytical Chemistry
Introduction qualitative and quantitative analysis. Principles of
5.1 3
volumetric analysis.
Separation and purification techniques: extraction, distillation and
5.2 3
crystallization.
Chromatography: principle and application of column, paper and thin
5.3 3
layer chromatography

Teaching methods

Lecture Teaching
Unit Topic
hrs. Method
1 Chemical Bonding and Nuclear Chemistry 9 BP/PPT
2 Industrial Chemistry 9 BP/PPT
3 Fundamental Concepts in Organic Chemistry 9 BP/PPT
Hybridization
4 Drugs and Speciality Chemicals 9 BP/PPT

5 Photochemistry 9 BP/PPT

45
Total
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous):: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined B.Sc. Zoology/Botany with effect from 2023-2024 batches onwards)
Programme Code: UCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
UCH23GT21Z/ Chemistry for biological sciences-II Elective-2
3 - - 2
UCH23GT41B (for botany and zoology students) (Generic)

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I/II II/IV 25 75 100
Preamble
This course aims to provide knowledge on
 Nomenclature of coordination compounds and carbohydrates
 Amino Acids and Essential elements of biosystem
 Understand the concepts of kinetics and catalysis
 Provide fundamentals of electrochemistry and photochemistry

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course the students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
Write the IUPAC name for complex, different theories to 80 75
CO1 explain the bonding in coordination compounds and water
technology.
CO2 Explain the preparation and property of carbohydrate. 85 83
Enlighten the biological role of transition metals, amino 80 78
CO3 acids and nucleic acids.
Apply/demonstrate the electrochemistry principles in 75 73
CO4
corrosion, electroplating and fuel cells.
Outline the various type of photochemical process 75 73
CO5

Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S S M M S L

CO2 S S M S S S
 CO3 S S M S S M

CO4 S S M S M S

CO5 S S M S M S

S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S M M M S
CO2 S S M S S
CO3 S M S M S
CO4 S M M S S
CO5 S S M S S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

Bloom’s CA End of
category First Second Semester
Knowledge 40% 40% 40%
Understand 40% 40% 40%
Apply 20% 20% 20%

Course title: Chemistry for biological sciences - II

Unit I:Co-ordination Chemistry and Water Technology: 9 hrs

Definition of terms-IUPAC Nomenclature - Werner’stheory - EAN rule - Pauling’s theory –

Postulates - Applications to [Ni(CO)4], [Ni(CN)4]2-,[Co(CN)6]3- Chelation - Biological role of
Haemoglobin and Chlorophyll (elementary idea) – Applications in qualitative and quantitative
analysis.
Water Technology: Hardness of water, determination of hardness of water using EDTA method,
zeolite method-Purification techniques-BOD, COD.

Unit II:Carbohydrates 9 hrs

Classification, preparation and properties of glucose and fructose. Discussion of open chain ring
structures of glucose and fructose. Glucose-fructose interconversion. Preparation and properties
of sucrose, starch and cellulose.
Unit III:Amino Acids 9 hrs
Amino Acids and Essential elements of biosystem, Classification - preparation and properties of
alanine, preparation of dipeptides using Bergmann method - Proteins- classification – structure -
Colour reactions – Biological functions –nucleosides -nucleotides – RNA and DNA – structure.
Essentials of trace metals in biological system-Na, Cu, K, Zn, Fe, Mg.
Unit IV:Electrochemistry 9 hrs

Galvanic cells - Standard hydrogen electrode - calomel electrode - standard electrode potentials -
electrochemical series. Strong and weak electrolytes - ionic product of water-pH, pKa, pKb.
Conductometric titrations - pH determination by colorimetric method – buffer solutions and its
biological applications - electroplating - Nickel and chrome plating – Types of cells -fuel cells-
corrosion and its prevention.
Unit V:Photochemistry9 hrs
Grothus - Drapper’s law and Stark-Einstein’s law of photochemical equivalence, Quantum yield
- Hydrogen -chloride reaction. Phosphorescence, fluorescence, chemiluminescence and
photosensitization and photosynthesis (definition with examples).
Text Books:

1. V. Veeraiyan, Textbook of Ancillary Chemistry; High mount publishing house, Chennai, first
edition, 2009.
2. S. Vaithyanathan, Text book of Ancillary Chemistry; Priya Publications, Karur, 2006.
3. Arun Bahl, B.S. Bahl, Advanced Organic Chemistry; S. Chand and Company, New Delhi,
twenty third edition, 2012.
4. P.L. Soni, H.M. Chawla, Text Book of Organic Chemistry; Sultan Chand & sons, New Delhi,
twenty ninth edition, 2007.

References:

1. Arun Bahl, B.S.Bahl, Advanced Organic Chemistry; S.Chand and Company, New Delhi,
twenty third edition, 2012.
2. P.L. Soni, H.M.Chawla, Text Book of Organic Chemistry; Sultan Chand & sons, New Delhi,
twenty ninth edition, 2007.
3. P.L. Soni, Mohan Katyal, Text book of Inorganic chemistry; Sultan Chand and Company,
New Delhi, twentieth edition, 2007.
4. B. R. Puri, L.R.Sharma, M.S. Pathania, Text book Physical Chemistry; Vishal Publishing Co.,
New Delhi, forty seventh edition, 2018.
5. B. K.Sharma, Industrial Chemistry; GOEL publishing house, Meerut, sixteenth edition, 2014.
Web Resources:
1. https://byjus.com/jee/coordination-compounds/
2. https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/chemistry-of-life/properties-structure-and-
function-of-biological-macromolecules/v/introduction-to-amino-acids
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DC4J0t1z3e8
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NClagKbLUMM

Course Designers:

Dr. R. Sayeekannan
Dr. R. Mahalakshmy
Dr. A. R. Ramesh
Dr. D.S.Bhuvaneshwari
Dr. K. Selvakumar
Dr.M. Sathiya

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.
1 Co-ordination Chemistry and Water Technology

1.1 Definition of terms-IUPAC Nomenclature - Werner’s theory 2

EAN rule - Pauling’s theory – Postulates - Applications to [Ni(CO)4],
1.2 2
[Ni(CN)4]2-, [Co(CN)6]3- Chelation
Biological role of Haemoglobin and Chlorophyll (elementary idea) –
1.3 1
Applications in qualitative and quantitative analysis.
Water Technology: Hardness of water, determination of hardness of
1.4 2
water using EDTA method, zeolite method
1.5 Purification techniques- BOD, COD. 2

2 Carbohydrates
Classification, preparation and properties of glucose and
2.1 3
fructose.
Discussion of open chain ring structures of glucose and fructose.
2.2 3
Glucose-fructose interconversion.
2.3 Preparation and properties of sucrose, starch and cellulose. 3

3 Amino acids
Amino Acids and Essential elements of biosystem
3.1 Classification - preparation and properties of alanine, 3

Preparation of dipeptides using Bergmann method - Proteins-

3.2 3
classification – structure - Colour reactions – Biological functions –
 nucleosides –nucleotides

RNA and DNA – structure.

3.3 Essentials of trace metals in biological system-Na, Cu, K, Zn, Fe, Mg. 3

4 Electrochemistry
Galvanic cells - Standard hydrogen electrode - calomel electrode -
4.1 3
standard electrode potentials
Electrochemical series. Strong and weak electrolytes - ionic product of
4.2 water -pH, pKa, pKb. Conductometric titrations - pH determination by 3
colorimetric method
Buffer solutions and its biological applications - electroplating - Nickel
4.3 and chrome plating – Types of cells -fuel cells-corrosion and its 3
prevention.
5 Photochemistry
Grothus - Drapper’s law and Stark-Einstein’s law of photochemical
5.1 3
equivalence, Quantum yield
Hydrogen - chloride reaction. Phosphorescence, fluorescence,
5.2 3
Chemiluminescence
5.3 Photosensitization and photosynthesis (definition with examples). 3

Teaching methods

Lecture
Unit Topic Teaching Method
hrs.
1 Co-ordination Chemistry and Water Technology 9 BP/PPT
2 Carbohydrates 9 BP/PPT
3 Amino acids 9 BP/PPT
4 Electrochemistry 9 BP/PPT
5 Photochemistry 9 BP/PPT
Total 45
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous):: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined B.Sc. Maths/Zoology/Botany/physics with effect from 2023-2024 batches onwards)
Programme Code: UCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
Chemistry Practical for physical
UCH23GL11M /
and biological sciences Generic
UCH23GL11Z /
(for Mathematics and Zoology – I Elective - - 2 -
UCH23GL31B/
Year/I Semester; for Botany and lab
UCH23GL31P
physics II Year/III Semester)

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I/II I/III 25 75 100

Preamble

This course aims to provide knowledge on the

 Basics of preparation of solutions.
 Principles and practical experience of volumetric analysis

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
Gain an understanding of the use of laboratory 90 85
CO1 glasswares
CO2 Estimate the amount of inorganic compounds. 85 80
Design, carry out, record and interpret the results of 85 85
CO3 volumetric titration.
80 75
CO4 Apply their skill in the analysis of water/hardness.
Analyze the chemical constituents in allied chemical 78 75
CO5 products
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S S M M M M
CO2 S S M S S M

CO3 S S M S S S

CO4 S S M S M S

CO5 S S M S M S

S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S M M M S

CO2 S S M S S

CO3 S M S M S

CO4 S M M S S

CO5 S S M S S

S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

Bloom’s CA End of
category First Second Semester
Knowledge 40% 40% 40%
Understand 40% 40% 40%
Apply 20% 20% 20%

Course title: Chemistry practical for physical and biological sciences 30 hrs
Volumetric analysis

1. Estimation of sodium hydroxide using standard sodium carbonate.

2. Estimation of hydrochloric acid using standard oxalic acid.

3. Estimation of ferrous sulphate using standard Mohr's salt.

4. Estimation of oxalic acid using standard ferrous sulphate.

5. Estimation of potassium permanganate using standard sodium hydroxide.

6. Estimation of magnesium using EDTA.

7. Estimation of ferrous ion using diphenyl amine as indicator.
Text Books:

1. V.Venkateswaran, R.Veerasamy, A.R.Kulandaivelu, Basic Principles of Practical Chemistry;

Sultan Chand & sons, Second edition, 1997.

Course Designers:

Dr. R. Sayeekannan
Dr. R. Mahalakshmy
Dr. A. R. Ramesh
Dr. D.S.Bhuvaneshwari
Dr. K. Selvakumar
Dr.M. Sathiya
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous):: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined B.Sc. Maths/Zoology/Botany/physics with effect from 2023-2024
batches onwards)
Programme Code: UCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
Chemistry practical for physical
UCH23GL21M /
and biological sciences Generic
UCH23GL21Z /
(for Mathematics and Zoology – I Elective - - 2 2
UCH23GL41B/
Year/II Semester; for Botany and lab
UCH23GL41P
Physics -II Year/IV Semester)

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I/II II/IV 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims to provide knowledge on
 Identification of organic functional groups
 Different types of organic compounds with respect to their properties.
 Determination of elements in organic compounds
Course Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
Gain an understanding of the use of laboratory 80 75
CO1 glasswares
Identify the functional group present in the given 85 80
CO2 compound
CO3 Detect the special elements (N, S, Halogens etc.,) 80 78
80 75
CO4 Distinguish between aliphatic and aromatic compounds.
Distinguish saturated and unsaturated compounds by 78 75
CO5
qualitative analysis

Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S S M M S S
CO2 S S M S S S
 CO3 S S M S S S
CO4 S S M S M S
CO5 S S M S M S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S M M M S
CO2 S S M S S
CO3 S M S M S
CO4 S M M S S
CO5 S S M S S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

Bloom’s CA End of
category First Second Semester
Knowledge 40% 40% 40%
Understand 40% 40% 40%
Apply 20% 20% 20%

Course title: Chemistry practical for physical and biological sciences

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
The analysis must be carried out as follows

(a) Functional group tests [phenol, acids (mono & di) aromatic primary amine, amides (mono &
di), aldehyde and glucose].
(b) Detection of elements (N, S, Halogens).
(c) To distinguish between aliphatic and aromatic compounds.
(d) To distinguish – Saturated and unsaturated compounds.
Text Books:

1. V.Venkateswaran, R.Veerasamy, A.R.Kulandaivelu, Basic Principles of Practical Chemistry;

Sultan Chand & sons, Second edition, 1997.

Course Designers:

Dr. R. Sayeekannan
Dr. R. Mahalakshmy
Dr. A. R. Ramesh
Dr. D.S.Bhuvaneshwari
Dr. K. Selvakumar
Dr.M. Sathiya
M.Sc. Chemistry
Programme Code - PCH
(Aided & SF)
Programme outcome-PO (Aligned with Graduate Attributes)-Master of Science (M.Sc.,)

Knowledge

Acquire an overview of concepts, fundamentals and advancements of science across a range of

fields, with in-depth knowledge in at least one area of study. Develop focused field knowledge
and amalgamate knowledge across different disciplines.

Complementary skills

Students will be able to engage in critical investigation through principle approaches or methods
and through effective information search and evaluation strategies. Employ highly developed
conceptual, analytical, quantitative and technical skills and are adept with a range of
technologies;

Applied learning

Students will be able to apply disciplinary or interdisciplinary learning across multiple contexts,
integrating knowledge and practice. Recognize the need for information; effectively search for,
evaluate, manage and apply that information in support of scientific investigation or scholarly
debate;

Communication

Communicate effectively on scientific achievements, basic concepts and recent developments

with experts and with society at large. Able to comprehend and write reports, documents, make
effective presentations by oral and/or written form.

Problem solving

Investigate, design and apply appropriate methods to solve problems in science, mathematics,
technology and/or engineering.

Environment and sustainability

Understand the impact of the solutions in ethical, societal and environmental contexts and
demonstrate the knowledge of and need for sustainable development.

Teamwork, collaborative and management skills

Recognise the opportunities and contribute positively in collaborative scientific research. Engage
in intellectual exchange of ideas with researchers of other disciplines to address important
research issue.
 Department of Chemistry

Vision: To train our students as scientifically literate professionals with a sense of social
responsibilities.

Mission: (i) To train our students to succeed in competitive examinations.

(ii) To encourage the advancement of chemistry in all of its branches through
education, research and service opportunities.
(iii) To provide students with community need based research and outreach
opportunities.
(iv) To strive for an ideal balance between creation and knowledge dissemination in
the chemical sciences.

Program Educational Objectives (PEOs)

The objectives of the M.Sc Chemistry programme is to prepare/equip the students-
PEO1 To pursue Ph.D programme at national /global level research institute with
CSIR-NET/ TOEFL/GRE qualification.
PEO2 To have successful professional careers in chemical industry, government,
academia and national/international research institute as innovative scientists.
PEO3 To get suitable employment in government sectors after qualifying specific
competitive exams conducted by service commission.
PEO4 To develop leadership, contemporary and also global outlook.
PEO5 To recognize the importance of utilizing their knowledge, skills, and initiative for
the benefit of society.

Program Specific Outcomes (PSOs)

On the successful completion of M.Sc Chemistry program students will be able
PSO1 To get in-depth knowledge on advanced concepts in Inorganic, Organic, Physical,
Analytical, Biological, environmental and industrial applications of chemistry.
PSO2 To get basic analytical and technical skills to work effectively in the various fields
of chemistry.
PSO3 To synthesize, purify and characterize compounds using published protocols, with
the help of standard and modern instrumentation techniques and to find their
applications in various fields.
PSO4 To use online search tools for literature survey of the topic of research, manuscript
preparation and online submission for publication.
PSO5 To qualify State, National and International eligibility exams to do research at
National/International institutes and to get suitable employment.
 THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE, MADURAI- 9
(Re-Accredited with ‘A++’ Grade by NAAC)
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
(For those who join in 2023 and after)
MASTER OF CHEMISTRY
Semester – I

Max Max
Hrs/ Cred Total
Course Code No Subject Mark Marks Total
Week Hrs
CA SE
Part A

Core theory Organic reaction 5

PCH23CT11 4 75 25 75 100
-1 mechanism-I

Structure and
Core theory 5
PCH23CT12 bonding in inorganic 4 75 25 75 100
-2
compounds
Organic chemistry 5
Core lab -1 PCH23CL11 4 75 25 75 100
practical-I
Pharmaceutical
Chemistry
Elective-1 (option A) 5
PCH23ET11 3 75 25 75 100
A/B Nanomaterials and
nano technology
(option B)
Electrochemistry
(option A)/
Elective-2 Molecular
PCH23ET12 5 3 75 25 75 100
A/B Spectroscopy(option
B)/

Part B
PCH23SL11 Preparation of
SEC-1
consumer products- 3 2 45 25 75 100
Lab
AECC-1 PCH23AT11 C programming in
chemistry 2 2 30 25 75 100

Total 30 22 450
 Semester – II

Cre Max Max

Hrs/ Total
Course Code No Subject d. Mark Marks Total
Week Hrs
CA SE
Part A
Organic reaction 5
Core PCH23CT21 mechanism-II 4 75 25 75 100
theory-3
Core Physical 5
PCH23CT22 4 75 25 75 100
theory-4 chemistry-I
Inorganic
Core lab - 5
PCH23CL21 Chemistry 4 75 25 75 100
2
practical
PCH23ET21 Medicinal
Elective- A/B Chemistry (option
3 A) 5 3 75 25 75 100
Green Chemistry
(option B)
Bio-inorganic
chemistry
Elective-
(option A)
4 PCH23ET22 5 3 75 25 75 100
A/B Material science
(option B)

Part B
SEC- 2 PCH23ST21 Research tools and
3 2 45 25 75 100
techniques
PCH23AT21 ICT tools in
AECC-2 chemistry-lab 2 2 30 25 75 100

Total 30 22 450
 Semester-III

Hrs/ Cre Max Max

Total
Course Code No Subject Wee d. Mark Mark Total
Hrs
k CA s SE
Part A
Organic synthesis
Core PCH23CT3 and 5
4 75 25 75 100
theory-5 1 photochemistry

Coordination
Core PCH23CT3 Chemistry-I 5
4 75 25 75 100
theory-6 2

Physical
PCH23CL3 Chemistry 5
Core lab -3 4 75 25 75 100
1 Practical

PCH23ET3 Pharmacognosy
1 (Option A)
Elective-5
5 3 75 25 75 100
Phytochemistry
(Option B)

Industrial
Core Processes/
Industry Chemometrics and
PCH23CI31 5 3 75 25 75 100
module quality control in
industry

Part B
SEC-3 PCH23ST3 Literature survey
3 2 45 25 75 100
1 & presentation
AECC-3 PCH23AT3 Spectral data
2 2 30 25 75 100
1 interpretation
Internship/
- 2 -
Industrial activity
Total 30 24 450
 Semester -IV

Hrs/ Cre Max Max

Code Total
Course Subject Wee d. Mark Marks Total
No Hrs
k CA SE
Part A
Coordination
PCH23 Chemistry-II 5
Core lab - 7 4 75 25 75 100
CT41

PCH23 Physical Chemistry-II 5

Core lab -8 4 75 25 75 100
CT42
Analytical
PCH23 Instrumentation 5
Core lab-4 technique-practical 4 75 25 75 100
CL41

PCH23 Chemistry of Natural

ET41 products(Option A)
Elective-6
5 3 75 25 75 100
Polymer
Chemistry(Option B)

Project with PCH23 Project with viva-

PJ41 voce 4 3 60 25 75 100
viva-voce
Part B
PCHST Chemistry
41 for NET/UGC-
CSIR/SET/TRB
Competitive
Examinations (2
SEC-3
hours)
4 2 60 25 75 100
&
General Studies for
UPSC/TNPSC/Othe
r Competitive
Examinations (2
hours)
AECC-4 PCHA Research ethics
2 2 30 25 75 100
T41
Extension activity - 1 -
 Total 30 23 450

A) CONSOLIDATION OF CONTACT HOURS AND CREDITS: PG

Semester Contact Credits

hours
I 30 22
II 30 22
III 30 24
IV 30 23
Total 120 91

B) CURRICULUM CREDITS: PART WISE

Part Courses Credits

Semester Semester Semester Semester Total
I II III IV credits

Core theory 4+4 4+4 4+4 4+4 32

A Core lab 4 4 4 4 16
Elective(Generic/Discipline 3+3 3+3 3+3 3+3 24
specific)
B SEC 2 2 2 2 08
AECC 2 2 2+2 2 10
C Extension activity - - - 1 01
Total 91
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: PCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
Core
PCH23CT11 Organic reaction mechanism - I 4 1 - 4
theory - 1

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext.Marks Total

I I 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims to provide knowledge
 To understand the feasibility and the mechanism of various organic reactions.
 To comprehend the techniques in the determination of reaction mechanisms.
 To understand the concept of stereochemistry involved in organic compounds.
 To correlate and appreciate the differences involved in the various types of organic
reaction mechanisms.
 To design feasible synthetic routes for the preparation of organic compounds.

Prerequisite
Students with minimum knowledge on the basic concepts of organic chemistry at undergraduate
level.

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
CO1 Recall the basic principles of organic chemistry. 85 80
Understand the formation and detection of reaction 85 83
CO2 intermediates of organic reactions.
Predict the reaction mechanism of organic reactions and 80 78
CO3 stereochemistry of organic compounds.
Apply the principles of kinetic and non-kinetic methods 80 75
CO4 to determine the mechanism of reactions.
Design and synthesize new organic compounds by 80 75
CO5 correlating the stereochemistry of organic compounds.
Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

CO1 S S S S M S S
CO2 M S S S S M S
CO3 S S M S S S S
CO4 M S S S S M S
CO5 M S M S S M S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S S
CO2 S S S S S
CO3 S S S S S
CO4 S S S S S
CO5 S S S S S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

CA End of Semester
Blooms Taxonomy First Second(Marks) (Marks)
(Marks)
Knowledge -K1 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Understand -K2 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Apply-K3 30% (18) 30% (18) 20% (30)
Analyze-K4 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Evaluate-K5 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Total Marks 60 60 150

Title of the Paper: Organic reaction mechanism - I

Unit I: Methods of Determination of Reaction Mechanism 15 hrs

Reaction intermediates, the transition state, Reaction coordinate diagrams, Thermodynamic and
kinetic requirements of reactions: Hammond postulate.Methods of determining mechanism: non-
kinetic methods - product analysis, determination of intermediates-isolation, detection, and
trapping. Cross-over experiments, isotopic labelling, isotope effects and stereo chemical
evidences. Kinetic methods - relation of rate and mechanism.Effect of structure on reactivity:
Hammett and Taft equations. Linear free energy relationship, partial rate factor, substituent and
reaction constants.
Unit II: Aromatic and Aliphatic Electrophilic Substitution 15 hrs
Aromaticity: Aromaticity in benzenoid, non-benzenoid, heterocyclic compounds and annulenes.
Aromatic electrophilic substitution: Orientation and reactivity of di- and polysubstituted phenol,
nitrobenzene and halobenzene. Reactions involving nitrogen electrophiles: nitration, nitrosation
and diazonium coupling; Sulphur electrophiles: sulphonation; Halogen electrophiles:
chlorination and bromination; Carbon electrophiles: Friedel-Crafts alkylation, acylation and
arylation reactions.Aliphatic electrophilic substitution Mechanisms: SE2 and SEi, SE1-
Mechanism and evidences.

Unit III: Aromatic and Aliphatic Nucleophilic Substitution: 15 hrs

Aromatic nucleophilic substitution: Mechanisms - SNAr, SN1 and Benzyne mechanisms -
Evidences - Reactivity, Effect of structure, leaving group and attackingnucleophile. Reactions:
Oxygen and Sulphur-nucleophiles, Bucherer and Rosenmund reactions, von Richter, Sommelet-
Hauser and Smiles rearrangements. SN1, ion pair, SN2 mechanisms and evidences. Aliphatic
nucleophilic substitutions at an allylic carbon, aliphatic trigonal carbon and vinyl carbon. SN1,
SN2, SNi, and SE1 mechanism and evidences, Swain- Scott, Grunwald-Winstein relationship -
Ambident nucleophiles.

Unit IV: Stereochemistry-I 15 hrs

Introduction to molecular symmetry and chirality – axis, plane, center, alternating axis of
symmetry. Optical isomerism due to asymmetric and dissymmetric molecules with C, N, S based
chiral centers. Optical purity, prochirality, enantiotopic and diastereotopic atoms, groups, faces,
axial and planar chirality, chirality due to helical shape, methods of determining
theconfiguration. Racemic modifications: Racemization by thermal, anion, cation, reversible
formation, epimerization, mutarotation.D, L system, Cram’s and Prelog’s rules: R, S-notations,
proR, proS, side phase and re phase Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules, absolute and relative
configurations. Configurations of allenes, spiranes, biphenyls, cyclooctene, helicene,
binaphthyls, ansa and cyclophanic compounds, exo-cyclic alkylidene-cycloalkanes. Topicity and
prostereoisomerism, chiral shift reagents and chiral solvating reagents.Criteria for optical purity:
Resolution of racemic modifications, asymmetric transformations, asymmetric synthesis,
destruction. Stereoselective and stereospecific synthesis.

Unit V: Stereochemistry-II 15 hrs

Conformation and reactivity of acyclic systems, intramolecular rearrangements, neighbouring
group participation, chemical consequence of conformational equilibrium - Curtin-Hammett
Principle.Stability of five and six-membered rings: mono-, di- and polysubstituted cyclohexanes,
conformation and reactivity in cyclohexane systems. Fused and bridged rings: bicyclic, poly
cyclic systems, decalins and Brett’s rule. Optical rotation and optical rotatory dispersion,
conformational asymmetry, ORD curves, octant rule, configuration and conformation, Cotton
effect, axial haloketone rule and determination of configuration.
Text Books:
1. J. March and M. Smith, Advanced Organic Chemistry, 5th edition, John-Wiley and
Sons.2001.
2. E. S. Gould, Mechanism and Structure in Organic Chemistry, Holt, Rinehart and Winston
Inc., 1959.
3. P.S.Kalsi, Stereochemistry of carbon compounds, 8th edition, New Age International
Publishers, 2015.
4. P. Y. Bruice, Organic Chemistry, 7th edn, Prentice Hall, 2013.
5. J.Clayden, N. Greeves, S. Warren, Organic Compounds, 2ndedition, Oxford University
Press, 2014.

References:
1. F.A. Carey and R.J. Sundberg, Advanced Organic Chemistry Part-A and B, 5th edition,
Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, 2007.
2. D. G. Morris, Stereochemistry, RSC Tutorial Chemistry Text 1, 2001.
3. N.S. Isaacs, Physical Organic Chemistry, ELBS, Longman, UK, 1987.
4. E. L. Eliel, Stereochemistry of Carbon Compounds, Tata-McGraw Hill, 2000.
5. I. L. Finar, Organic chemistry, Vol-1&2, 6th edition, Pearson Education Asia, 2004.

Web Resources:

1. https://sites.google.com/site/chemistryebookscollection02/home/organic-
chemistry/organic
2. https://www.organic-chemistry.org/

Course Designers:
1. Dr. P. Prakash
2. Dr. R. Mahalakshmy
3. Dr. A. Tamil Selvi
4. Mrs. P. Rajam

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.
1 Methods of Determination of Reaction Mechanism
Reaction intermediates, The transition state, Reaction coordinate
diagrams, Thermodynamic and kinetic requirements of reactions:
1.1 Hammond postulate.Methods of determining mechanism: non-kinetic 5
methods - product analysis,
 Determination of intermediates-isolation, detection, and trapping.
1.2 Cross-over experiments, isotopic labelling, isotope effects and stereo 4
chemical evidences. Kinetic methods - relation of rate and mechanism.
Effect of structure on reactivity: Hammett and Taft equations. Linear
1.3 free energy relationship, partial rate factor, substituent and reaction 3
constants.
Tutorial 3

2 Aromatic and Aliphatic Electrophilic Substitution

Aromaticity: Aromaticity in benzenoid, non-benzenoid, heterocyclic
2.1 2
compounds and annulenes.
Aromatic electrophilic substitution: Orientation and reactivity of di-
and polysubstituted phenol, nitrobenzene and halobenzene. Reactions
2.2 5
involving nitrogen electrophiles: nitration, nitrosation and diazonium
coupling; Sulphur electrophiles: sulphonation
Halogen electrophiles: chlorination and bromination; Carbon
electrophiles: Friedel-Crafts alkylation, acylation and arylation
2.3 5
reactions.Aliphatic electrophilic substitution Mechanisms: SE2 and
SEi, SE1- Mechanism and evidences.
Tutorial 3

3 Aromatic and Aliphatic Nucleophilic Substitution

Aromatic nucleophilic substitution: Mechanisms - SNAr, SN1 and
3.1 Benzyne mechanisms - Evidences - Reactivity, Effect of structure, 4
leaving group and attackingnucleophile.
Reactions: Oxygen and Sulphur-nucleophiles, Bucherer and
3.2 Rosenmund reactions, von Richter, Sommelet- Hauser and Smiles 3
rearrangements.
SN1, ion pair, SN2 mechanisms and evidences. Aliphatic nucleophilic
substitutions at an allylic carbon, aliphatic trigonal carbon and vinyl
3.3 5
carbon.SN1, SN2, SNi, and SE1 mechanism and evidences, Swain-
Scott, Grunwald-Winstein relationship - Ambident nucleophiles.
3
Tutorial

4 Stereochemistry-I
Introduction to molecular symmetry and chirality – axis, plane, center,
4.1 alternating axis of symmetry. Optical isomerism due to asymmetric 3
and dissymmetric molecules with C, N, S based chiral centers.
Optical purity, prochirality, enantiotopic and diastereotopic atoms,
groups, faces, axial and planar chirality, chirality due to helical shape,
4.2 methods of determining theconfiguration. Racemic modifications: 3
Racemization by thermal, anion, cation, reversible formation,
epimerization, mutarotation.
 D, L system, Cram’s and Prelog’s rules: R, S-notations, proR, proS,
side phase and re phase Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules, absolute and relative
4.3 configurations. Configurations of allenes, spiranes, biphenyls, 3
cyclooctene, helicene, binaphthyls, ansa and cyclophanic compounds,
exo-cyclic alkylidene-cycloalkanes.
Topicity and prostereoisomerism, chiral shift reagents and chiral
solvating reagents.Criteria for optical purity: Resolution of racemic
4.4 3
modifications, asymmetric transformations, asymmetric synthesis,
destruction. Stereoselective and stereospecific synthesis.
Tutorial 3

5 Stereochemistry-II
Conformation and reactivity of acyclic systems, intramolecular
rearrangements, neighbouring group participation, chemical
5.1 4
consequence of conformational equilibrium - Curtin-Hammett
Principle.
Stability of five and six-membered rings: mono-, di- and
polysubstituted cyclohexanes, conformation and reactivity in
5.2 4
cyclohexane systems. Fused and bridged rings: bicyclic, poly cyclic
systems, decalins and Brett’s rule.
Optical rotation and optical rotatory dispersion, conformational
5.3 asymmetry, ORD curves, octant rule, configuration and conformation, 4
Cotton effect, axial haloketone rule and determination of configuration.
Tutorial 3

Teaching methods

Lecture
Unit Topic Teaching Method
hrs.
Chalk and talk,
1 Methods of Determination of Reaction Mechanism: 15
Slides
15 Chalk and talk,
2 Aromatic and Aliphatic Electrophilic Substitution:
Slides
15 Chalk and talk,
3 Aromatic and Aliphatic Nucleophilic Substitution:
Slides
15 Chalk and talk,
4 Stereochemistry – I
Slides
15 Chalk and talk,
5 Stereochemistry – II
Slides
Total 75
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: PCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
Structure and bonding in inorganic Core
PCH23CT12 4 1 - 4
compounds theory -2

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext.Marks Total

I I 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims to provide knowledge
 To determine the structural properties of main group compounds and clusters.
 To gain fundamental knowledge on the structural aspects of ionic crystals.
 To familiarize various diffraction and microscopic techniques.
 To study the effect of point defects and line defects in ionic crystals.
 To evaluate the structural aspects of solids.

Prerequisite
Students with knowledge on the basic concepts of Inorganic Chemistry

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
Predict the geometry of main group compounds and 80 75
CO1 clusters.

Explain about the packing of ions in crystals and apply 85 82

CO2 the radius ratio rule to predict the coordination number of
cations.

Understand the various types of ionic crystal systems and 80 78

CO3 analyze their structural features.

CO4 Explain the crystal growth methods. 80 75

To understand the principles of diffraction techniques and 75 75

CO5
microscopic techniques.
Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

CO1 S S S S M S S

M S S S S M S
CO2
S S M S S S S
CO3
M S S S S M S
CO4
M S M S S M S
CO5
S – Strong, M – Medium, L - Low
Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S M M S
CO2 S M M S S
CO3 S S S S S
CO4 S S S M S
CO5 S S S M S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L - Low
Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

CA End of Semester
Blooms Taxonomy First Second(Marks) (Marks)
(Marks)
Knowledge -K1 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Understand -K2 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Apply-K3 30% (18) 30% (18) 20% (30)
Analyze-K4 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Evaluate-K5 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Total Marks 60 60 150

Syllabus: Structure and Bonding in Inorganic Compounds

Unit I: Structure of main group compounds and clusters (15 hrs)

VB theory – Effect of lone pair and electronegativity of atoms (Bent’s rule) on the geometry of
the molecules; Structure of silicates - applications of Paulings rule of electrovalence -
isomorphous replacements in silicates – ortho, meta and pyro silicates – one dimensional, two
dimensional and three-dimensional silicates. Structure of silicones, Structural and bonding
features of B-N, S-N and P-N compounds; Poly acids – types, examples and structures; Borane
cluster: Structural features of closo, nido, arachano and klado; carboranes, hetero and
metalloboranes; Wade’s rule to predict the structure of borane cluster; main group clusters –zintl
ions and mno rule.
Unit II: Solid state chemistry – I (15 hrs)
Ionic crystals: Packing of ions in simple, hexagonal and cubic close packing, voids in crystal
lattice, Radius ratio, Crystal systems and Bravis lattices, Symmetry oper ations in crystals, glide
planes and screw axis; point group and space group; Solid state energetics: Lattice energy –
Born-Lande equation - Kapustinski equation, Madelung constant.
Unit III: Solid state chemistry – II (15 hrs)
Structural features of the crystal systems: Rock salt, zinc blende & wurtzite, fluorite and anti-
fluorite, rutile and anatase, cadmium iodide and nickel arsenide; Spinels -normal and inverse
types and perovskite structures. Crystal Growth methods: From melt and solution (hydrothermal,
sol-gel methods) – principles and examples.
Unit IV: Techniques in solid state chemistry (15 hrs)
X- ray diffraction technique: Bragg’s law, Powder diffraction method – Principle and
Instrumentation; Interpretation of XRD data – JCPDS files, Phase purity, Scherrer formula,
lattice constants calculation; Systematic absence of reflections; Electron diffraction technique –
principle, instrumentation and application. Electron microscopy – difference between optical and
electron microscopy, theory, principle, instrumentation, sampling methods and applications of
SEM and TEM.
Unit V: Band theory and defects in solids (15 hrs)

Band theory – features and its application of conductors, insulators and semiconductors,
Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors; Defects in crystals – point defects (Schottky, Frenkel,
metal excess and metal deficient) and their effect on the electrical and optical property, laser and
phosphors; Linear defects and its effects due to dislocations.

Text Books:
1. A R West, Solid state Chemistry and its applications, 2nd Edition (Students Edition), John
Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2014.
2 A K Bhagi and G R Chatwal, A textbook of inorganic polymers, Himalaya Publishing
House, 2001.
3 L Smart, E Moore, Solid State Chemistry – An Introduction, 4th Edition, CRC Press,
2012.
4 K. F. Purcell and J. C. Kotz, Inorganic Chemistry; W.B. Saunders Company:
Philadelphia, 1977.
5. J. E. Huheey, E. A. Keiter and R. L. Keiter, Inorganic Chemistry; 4th ed.; Harper and
Row: NewYork, 1983.
References:

1. D. E. Douglas, D.H. McDaniel and J. J. Alexander, Concepts and Models in Inorganic

Chemistry, 3rd Ed, 1994.
 2. R J D Tilley, Understanding Solids - The Science of Materials, 2nd edition, Wiley
Publication, 2013.
3. C N R Rao and J Gopalakrishnan, New Directions in Solid State Chemistry, 2nd Edition,
Cambridge University Press, 199.
4. T. Moeller, Inorganic Chemistry, A Modern Introduction; John Wiley: New York, 1982.
5. D. F. Shriver, P. W. Atkins and C.H. Langford; Inorganic Chemistry; 3rd ed.; Oxford
University Press: London, 2001.

Web Resources:
https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/3-091-introduction-to-solid-state-chemistry-fall-
2018/video_galleries/lecture-videos/

Course Designers:
1. Dr. A. Elangovan
2. Dr. D.S. Bhuvaneshwari
3. Dr. K. Selvakumar
4. Dr. S. Pitchaimuthu
5. Dr. N. Sudhan

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.
1 Structure of main group compounds and clusters
VB theory – Effect of lone pair and electronegativity of atoms (Bent’s
1.1 4
rule) on the geometry of the molecules
Structure of silicates - applications of Paulings rule of electrovalence -
isomorphous replacements in silicates – ortho, meta and pyro silicates
1.2 – one dimensional, two dimensional and three-dimensional silicates. 4
Structure of silicones, Structural and bonding features of B-N, S-N and
P-N compounds
Poly acids – types, examples and structures; Borane cluster: Structural
features of closo, nido, arachano and klado; carboranes, hetero and
1.3 4
metalloboranes; Wade’s rule to predict the structure of borane cluster;
main group clusters –zintl ions and mno rule.
Tutorial 3

2 Solid state chemistry – I

Ionic crystals: Packing of ions in simple, hexagonal and cubic close
2.1 4
packing, voids in crystal lattice,
Radius ratio, Crystal systems and Bravis lattices, Symmetry operations
2.2 4
in crystals, glide planes and screw axis; point group and space group;
Solid state energetics: Lattice energy – Born-Lande equation -
2.3 4
Kapustinski equation, Madelung constant.
 Tutorial 3

3 Solid state chemistry – II

Structural features of the crystal systems: Rock salt, zinc blende &
3.1 wurtzite, fluorite and anti-fluorite, rutile and anatase, cadmium iodide 5
and nickel arsenide;
3.2 Spinels -normal and inverse types and perovskite structures. 3
Crystal Growth methods: From melt and solution (hydrothermal, sol-
3.3 4
gel methods) – principles and examples.
Tutorial 3
4 Techniques in solid state chemistry
X-ray diffraction technique: Bragg’s law, Powder diffraction method –
4.1 4
Principle and Instrumentation;
Interpretation of XRD data – JCPDS files, Phase purity, Scherrer
4.2 formula, lattice constants calculation; Systematic absence of 4
reflections;
Electron diffraction technique – principle, instrumentation and
application. Electron microscopy – difference between optical and
4.3 4
electron microscopy, theory, principle, instrumentation, sampling
methods and applications of SEM and TEM.
Tutorial 3

5 Band theory and defects in solids

Band theory – features and its application of conductors, insulators and
5.1 5
semiconductors, Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors;
Defects in crystals – point defects (Schottky, Frenkel, metal excess and
5.2 metal deficient) and their effect on the electrical and optical property, 7
laser and phosphors; Linear defects and its effects due to dislocations.
Tutorial 3

Teaching methods

Lecture
Unit Topic Teaching Method
hrs.
1 Structure of main group compounds and clusters 15 Models and PPT
2 Solid state chemistry – I 15 Models and PPT
3 Solid state chemistry – II 15 Models and PPT
4 Techniques in solid state chemistry 15 Models and PPT
5 Band theory and defects in solids 15 Models and PPT
Total 75
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: PCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
Core lab -
PCH23CL11 Organic Chemistry Practical - 1 4 4
1

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext.Marks Total

I I 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims to provide knowledge
 To understand the concept of separation, qualitative analysis and preparation of
organiccompounds.
 To develop analytical skill in the handling of chemical reagents for separation of binary
and ternaryorganic mixtures.
 To analyze the separated organic components systematically and derivatize them
suitably.
 To construct suitable experimental setup for the organic preparations involving two
stages.
 To experiment different purification and drying techniques for the compound processing.

Prerequisite
Students with minimum knowledge on basic concepts of organic chemistry

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
Recall the basic principles of organic separation, 85 80
CO1 qualitative analysis and preparation.
Explain the method of separation and analysis of 85 80
CO2 separated organic mixtures and convert them as
derivatives by suitable preparation method.
Ddetermine the characteristics of separation of organic 80 78
CO3
compounds by various chemical reactions.
Develop strategies to separate, analyze and prepare 80 75
CO4 organic compounds.
Formulate a method of separation, analysis of organic 80 78
CO5 mixtures and design suitable procedure for organic
 preparations.

Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

CO1 S S S S M S S
CO2 M S S S S M S

CO3 S S M S S S S

CO4 M S S S S M S

CO5 M S M S S M S

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S S
CO2 S S S S S
CO3 S S S S S
CO4 S S S S S
CO5 S S S S S

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

CA End of Semester
Blooms Taxonomy First Second(Marks) (Marks)
(Marks)
Knowledge -K1 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Understand -K2 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Apply-K3 30% (18) 30% (18) 20% (30)
Analyze-K4 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Evaluate-K5 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Total Marks 60 60 150

Title of the course: Organic chemistry practical 60 hrs

Unit I: Separation and analysis:
A. Two component mixtures.
B. Three component mixtures.
Unit II: Estimations:
a) Estimation of Phenol (bromination)
b) Estimation of Aniline (bromination)
c) Estimation of Ethyl methyl ketone (iodimetry)
 d) Estimation of Glucose (redox)
e) Estimation of Ascorbic acid (iodimetry)
f) Estimation of Aromatic nitro groups (reduction)
g) Estimation of Glycine (acidimetry)
h) Estimation of Formalin (iodimetry)
i) Estimation of Acetyl group in ester (alkalimetry)
j) Estimation of Hydroxyl group (acetylation)
k) Estimation of Amino group (acetylation)
Unit III: Two stage preparations:
a) p-Bromoacetanilide from aniline
b) p-Nitroaniline from acetanilide
c) 1,3,5-Tribromobenzene from aniline
d) Acetyl salicyclic acid from methyl salicylate
e) Benzilic acid from benzoin
f) m-Nitroaniline from nitrobenzene
g) m-Nitrobenzoic acid from methyl benzoate
Tutorial hours 15 hrs
Questions related to the above topics, from various competitive examinations UPSC / TRB /
NET/ UGC-CSIR / GATE /TNPSC others to be solved

Text Books:
1. Donald L Pavia, Gary M. Lampman, George and S Kritz, (2009).Organic Chemistry – A
Lab Manual New Delhi: Sengage Learning. Print.
2. N.S. Gnanpragasam and G. Ramamurthy, Organic Chemistry Lab Manual, S.
Viswanathan Pvt. Ltd.
References:
1. Venkateswaran, V.; Veeraswamy, R.; Kulandaivelu, A.R. Basic Principles of Practical
Chemistry, 2nd ed.; Sultan Chand: New Delhi, 2012.
2. Manna, A.K. Practical Organic Chemistry, Books and Allied: India, 2018.
3. Gurtu, J. N; Kapoor, R. Advanced Experimental Chemistry (Organic), Sultan Chand:
New Delhi, 1987.
4. Furniss,B. S.; Hannaford, A. J.; Smith, P. W. G.; Tatchell, A.R. Vogel’s Textbook of
Practical Organic Chemistry, 5th ed.; Pearson: India,1989.

Web Resources:
https://www.vlab.co.in/broad-area-chemical-sciences

Course Designers:
1. Dr. P. Prakash
2. Dr. R. Mahalakshmy
3. Dr. A. Tamil Selvi
4. Dr. J. Thirupathy
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: PCH

Course Code Course title Category L T P Credit

Pharmaceutical Elective-1
PCH23ET11 chemistry(Option A) 3 2 - 3
A

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I I 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims to provide knowledge
 To understand the advanced concepts of pharmaceutical chemistry.
 To recall the principle and biological functions of various drugs.
 To train the students to know the importance as well the consequences of various drugs.
 To have knowledge on the various analysis and techniques.
 To familiarize on the drug dosage and its structural activities.
Prerequisite
Students with basic knowledge on drugs and doses

Course outcomes
On the completion of the course the student will be able to

# Course Outcome Expected Expected

Proficiency attainment
CO1 Identify the suitable drugs for various diseases. 80 75
CO2 Apply the principles of various drug action and drug 85 80
design.
CO3 Acquire the knowledge on product development based 80 75
on SAR.
CO4 Apply the knowledge on applications of computers 80 78
in chemistry.
CO5 Synthesize new drugs after understanding the concepts 78 75
SAR.

Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

CO 1 S S S S M S S
CO 2 M S S S S M S
CO 3 S S M S S S S
CO 4 M S S S S M S
 CO 5 M S M S S M S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low
Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S S
CO2 S S S S S
CO3 S S S S S
CO4 S S S S S
CO5 S S S S S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

Blooms CA End of Semester

Taxonomy First (Marks) Second(Marks) (Marks)
Knowledge-K1 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Understand-K2 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Apply-K3 30% (18) 30% (18) 20% (30)
Analyze-K4 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Evaluate-K5 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Total Marks 60 60 150

UNIT-I: Physical properties in Pharmaceuticals 15 hrs

Physical properties of drug molecule: physical properties. Refractive index- Definition,
explanation, formula, importance, determination, specific & molar refraction. Optical
activity\rotation- monochromatic & polychromatic light, optical activity, angle of rotation,
specific rotation examples, measurement of optical activity. Dielectric constant & Induced
Polarization- Dielectric constant explanation & determination. Rheology of pharmaceutical
systems: Introduction, Definition, Applications, concept of viscosity, Newton’s law of flow,
Kinematic, Relative, Specific, Reduced & Intrinsic viscosity. Newtonian system, non-Newtonian
system- Plastic flow, Pseudoplastic flow, Dilatent flow. Viscosity measurements- selection of
viscometer for Newtonian and non-Newtonian system.

UNIT-II: Isotopic Dilution analysis15 hrs

Principle and applications, Neutron activation analysis: Principle, advantages and limitations,
Scintillation counters: Body scanning. Introduction to radiopharmaceuticals. Properties of
various types of radiopharmaceuticals, Radiopharmaceuticals as diagnostics, as therapeutics, for
research and sterilization. Physico Chemical Properties and drug action. Physico chemical
 properties of drugs (a) Partition coefficient, (b) solubility (c) surface activity, (d) degree of
ionization.

UNIT-III: Drug dosage and product development 15 hrs

Introduction to drug dosage Forms & Drug Delivery system – Definition of Common terms.
Drug Regulation and control, pharmacopoeias formularies, sources of drug, drug nomenclature,
routes of administration of drugs products, need for a dosage form, classification of dosage
forms. Drug dosage and product development. Introduction to drug dosage Forms & Drug
Delivery system – Definition of Commonterms. Drug Regulation and control, pharmacopoeias
formularies, sources of drug, drug nomenclature, routes of administration of drugs products, need
for a dosage form, classification of dosage forms.

UNIT-IV: Development of new drugs15 hrs

Introduction, procedure followed in drug design, the research for lead compounds, molecular
modification of lead compounds. Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR): Factors effecting
bioactivity, resonance, inductive effect, isoterism, bioisosterism, spatial considerations,
biological properties of simple functional groups, theories of drug activity, occupancy theory,
rate theory, induced-fit theory,4.3 Quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR):
Development of QSAR, drug receptor interactions, the additivity of group contributions,
physico-chemical parameters, lipophilicity parameters, electronic parameter, ionization
constants, steric parameters, chelation parameters, redox potential, indicator-variables.

UNIT-V: Computers in Pharmaceutical Chemistry 15 hrs

Need of computers for chemistry. Computers for Analytical Chemists-Introduction to
computers: Organization of computers, CPU, Computer memory, I/O devices, information
storage, software components. Application of computers in chemistry: Programming in high
level language (C+) to handle various numerical methods in chemistry – least square fit,
solution to simultaneous equations, interpolation, extrapolation, data smoothing, numerical
differentiation and integrations.

Text books:
1. Physical Chemistry- Bahl and Tuli.
2. Text Book of Physical Pharmaceutics, IInd edition, Vallabh Prakashan-. C.V.S. Subramanyam.
3. Medicinal Chemistry (Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry), G.R Chatwal, Himalaya Publishing
house.
4. Instrumental method of Analysis: Hubert H, Willard, 7th edition.
5. Textbook of Pharmaceutical Chemistry by, Jayshree Ghosh, S. Chand & company Ltd.
Pharmaceutical Chemistry by Dr. S. Lakshmi, Sultan chand & Sons.

Reference Books
1. Computers in chemistry, K.V. Raman, Tata Mc.Graw-Hill, 1993.
2. Computers for Chemists, S.K Pundir, Anshu bansal, A pragate prakashan., 2nd edition, New age
international (P) limited, New Delhi.
3. Physical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences by Martins, Patrick J. Sinko, Lippincott.
 William and Wilkins.
4. Cooper and Gunn’s Tutorial Pharmacy, 6th edition by S.J. Carter, CBS Publisher Ltd.
5. Ansels pharmaceutical Dosage forms and Drug Delivery System by Allen Popvich and Ansel,
Indian edition-B.I. Publication Pvt. Ltd.

Web resources
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482447/
https://training.seer.cancer.gov/treatment/chemotherapy/types.html

Course designer
1. Dr. P. Prakash
2. Dr. R. Mahalakshmy
3. Dr. A. Tamil Selvi
4. Mrs. P. Rajam
5. Dr. J. Thirupathy

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.
1 Physical properties in Pharmaceuticals
Physical properties of drug molecule: physical properties. Refractive
1.1 index- Definition, explanation, formula, importance, determination, 3
specific & molar refraction.

Optical activity\rotation-monochromatic & polychromatic light, optical

1.2 activity, angle of rotation, specific rotation examples, measurement of 3
optical activity

Dielectric constant & Induced Polarization- Dielectric constant

1.3 2
explanation & determination.
Rheology of pharmaceutical systems: Introduction, Definition,
1.4 1
Applications,
Concept of viscosity, Newton’s law of flow, Kinematic, Relative,
Specific, Reduced & Intrinsic viscosity. Newtonian system, non-
1.5 Newtonian system- Plastic flow, Pseudoplastic flow, Dilatent flow. 3
Viscosity measurements- selection of viscometer for Newtonian and
non-Newtonian system.

Tutorial 3

2 Isotopic Dilution analysis

Principle and applications, Neutron activation analysis: Principle,
2.1 advantages and limitations, Scintillation counters: Body scanning. 4
 Introduction to radiopharmaceuticals. Properties of various types of
2.2 radiopharmaceuticals, Radiopharmaceuticals as diagnostics, as 4
therapeutics, for research and sterilization.
Physico Chemical Properties and drug action. Physico chemical
2.3 properties of drugs (a) Partition coefficient, (b) solubility (c) surface 4
activity, (d) degree of ionization.
Tutorial 3

3 Drug dosage and product development

Introduction to drug dosage Forms & Drug Delivery system –

3.1 Definition of Common terms. routes of administration of drugs 4
products

Drug Regulation and control, pharmacopoeias formularies, sources of

3.2 4
drug, drug nomenclature
Need for a dosage form, classification of dosage forms. Drug dosage
3.3 4
and product development.
Tutorial 3
4 Development of new drugs
Introduction, procedure followed in drug design, the research for lead
4.1 compounds, molecular modification of lead compounds. Structure- 4
Activity Relationship (SAR)

Factors effecting bioactivity, resonance, inductive effect, isoterism,

bioisosterism, spatial considerations, biological properties of simple
4.2 functional groups, theories of drug activity, occupancy theory, rate 4
theory, induced-fit theory

Quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR): Development of

QSAR, drug receptor interactions, the additivity of group
4.3 contributions, physico-chemical parameters, lipophilicity parameters, 4
electronic parameter, ionization constants, steric parameters, chelation
parameters, redox potential, indicator-variables.

Tutorial 3

5 Computers in Pharmaceutical Chemistry

Need of computers for chemistry. Computers for Analytical Chemists-
Introduction to computers: Organization of computers, CPU,
5.1 Computer memory, I/O devices, information storage, software 6
components.

Application of computers in chemistry: Programming in high level

5.2 language (C+) to handle various numerical methods in chemistry – 6
least square fit, solution to simultaneous equations, interpolation,
 extrapolation, data smoothing, numerical differentiation and
integrations.
Tutorial 3
Questions related to the above topics, from various competitive examinations
UPSC / TRB / NET/ UGC-CSIR / GATE /TNPSC others to be solved
(To be discussed during the Tutorial hours)

Teaching methods
Lecture
Unit Topic Teaching Method
hrs.
1 Physical properties in Pharmaceuticals 15 BB and PPT
2 Isotopic Dilution analysis 15 BB and PPT
3 Drug dosage and product development 15 BB and PPT
4 Development of new drugs 15 BB and PPT
5 Computers in Pharmaceutical Chemistry 15 BB and PPT
75
Total
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) : Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme Code: PCH

Course
Course Category L T P Credit
Code
Title
Elective -1
Nano materials and nano (Discipline
PCH23ET11B 3 2 - 3
technology(Option B) specific)

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext.Marks Total

I I 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims to provide basic knowledge
 To understand the concept of nano materials and nano technology.
 To understand the various types of nano materials and their properties.
 To understand the applications of synthetically important nano materials.
 To correlate the characteristics of various nano materials synthesized by new
technologies.
 To design synthetic routes for synthetically used new nano materials.

Prerequisite
Students with basic knowledge of crystallography and material science

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcomes
Proficiency attainment
CO1 Eexplain methods of fabricating nanostructures. 80 78
Relate the unique properties of nanomaterials to reduce 80 75
CO2
dimensionality of the material.
CO3 Describe tools for properties of nanostructures. 80 78

CO4 Discuss applications of nanomaterials. 85 80

Understand the health and safety related to nanomaterial. 78 75

CO5
Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

CO1 S S S S M S S
CO2 M S S S S M S
CO3 S S M S S S S
CO4 M S S S S M S
CO5 M S M S S M S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low
Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S M
CO2 M S S S S
CO3 S S M S S
CO4 M S S S M
CO5 M S M S S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low
Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

CA End of Semester
Blooms Taxonomy First Second(Marks) (Marks)
(Marks)
Knowledge -K1 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Understand -K2 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Apply-K3 30% (18) 30% (18) 20% (30)
Analyze-K4 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Evaluate-K5 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Total Marks 60 60 150

Course title: Nano materials and nano technology

Unit I:15 hrs
Introduction of nanomaterials and nanotechnologies, Introduction-role of size, classification-0D,
1D, 2D, 3D. Synthesis-Bottom –Up, Top–Down, consolidation of Nano powders. Features of
nanostructures, Background of nanostructures. Techniques of synthesis of nanomaterials, Tools
of the nanoscience. Applications of nanomaterials and technologies.
Unit II: 15 hrs
Bonding and structure of the nanomaterials, Predicting the Type of Bonding in a Substance
crystal structure. Metallic nanoparticles, Surfaces of Materials, Nanoparticle Size and Properties.
Synthesis- Physical and chemical methods - inert gas condensation, arc discharge, laser ablation,
sol-gel, solvothermal and hydrothermal-CVD-types, metallo organic, plasma enhanced, and low-
pressure CVD. Microwave assisted and electrochemical synthesis.
Unit III:15 hrs
Mechanical properties of materials, theories relevant to mechanical properties. Techniques to
study mechanical properties of nanomaterials, adhesion and friction, thermal properties of
nanomaterials Nanoparticles: gold and silver, metal oxides: silica, iron oxide and alumina –
synthesis and properties.
Unit IV: 15 hrs
Electrical properties, Conductivity and Resistivity, Classification of Materials based on
Conductivity, magnetic properties, electronic properties of materials. Classification of magnetic
phenomena. Semiconductor materials – classification-Ge, Si, GaAs, SiC, GaN, GaP, CdS,PbS.
Identification of materials as p and n –type semiconductor-Hall effect - quantum and anomalous,
Hall voltage - interpretation of charge carrier density. Applications of semiconductors: p-n
junction as transistors and rectifiers, photovoltaic and photogalvanic cell.
Unit V:15 hrs
Nano thin films, nanocomposites, Application of nanoparticles in different fields. Core-shell
nanoparticles-types, synthesis, and properties. Nanocomposites-metal, ceramic-and polymer-
matrix composites-applications. Characterization– SEM, TEM and AFM - principle,
instrumentation and applications.

Text Books:

1. S. Mohan and V. Arjunan, Principles of Materials Science, MJP Publishers, 2016.

2. Arumugam, Materials Science, Anuradha Publications, 2007.
3. Giacavazzo et.al, Fundamentals of Crystallography, International Union of Crystallography.
Oxford Science Publications, 2010
4. Woolfson, an Introduction to Crystallography, Cambridge University Press, 2012.
5. James F. Shackelford and Madanapalli K. Muralidhara, Introduction to Materials Science for
Engineers. 6th ed., PEARSON Press, 2007.

References:
1. S.Mohan and V. Arjunan, Principles of Materials Science, MJP Publishers, 2016.
2. Arumugam, Materials Science, Anuradha Publications, 2007.
3. Giacavazzo et. al., Fundamentals of Crystallography, International Union of
Crystallography. Oxford Science Publications, 2010
4. Woolfson, an Introduction to Crystallography, Cambridge University Press, 2012.
5. James F. Shackelford and Madanapalli K. Muralidhara, Introduction to Materials Science
for Engineers. 6th ed., PEARSON Press, 2007.

Web Resources:
1. http://xrayweb.chem.ou.edu/notes/symmetry.html.
2. http://www.uptti.ac.in/classroom-content/data/unit%20cell.pdf.

Course Designers:
Dr. T. Arumuganathan

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.
Introduction of nanomaterials and nanotechnologies, Introduction-role
1.1 4
of size, classification-0D, 1D, 2D, 3D.
Synthesis-Bottom –Up, Top–Down, consolidation of Nano powders.
1.2 4
Features of nanostructures, Background of nanostructures
Techniques of synthesis of nanomaterials, Tools of the nanoscience.
1.3 4
Applications of nanomaterials and technologies.
Tutorial 3
Bonding and structure of the nanomaterials, Predicting the type of
2.1 4
Bonding in a Substance crystal structure.
Metallic nanoparticles, Surfaces of Materials, Nanoparticle Size and
Properties. Synthesis- Physical and chemical methods - inert gas
2.2 4
condensation, arc discharge, laser ablation, sol-gel, solvothermal and
hydrothermal-CVD-types
Metallo organic, plasma enhanced, and low-pressure CVD. Microwave
2.3 4
assisted and electrochemical synthesis.
Tutorial 3
Mechanical properties of materials, theories relevant to mechanical
3.1 4
properties.
Techniques to study mechanical properties of nanomaterials, adhesion
3.2 4
and friction, thermal properties of nanomaterials
Nanoparticles: gold and silver, metal oxides: silica, iron oxide and
3.3 4
alumina – synthesis and properties.
Tutorial 3
Electrical properties, Conductivity and Resistivity, Classification of
4.1 Materials based on Conductivity, magnetic properties, electronic 4
properties of materials.
Semiconductor materials – classification-Ge, Si, GaAs, SiC, GaN,
4.2 GaP, CdS,PbS. Identification of materials as p and n –type 4
semiconductor-Hall effect - quantum and anomalous,
Hall voltage - interpretation of charge carrier density. Applications of
4.3 semiconductors: p-n junction as transistors and rectifiers, photovoltaic 4
and photogalvanic cell.
Tutorial 3
 Nano thin films, nanocomposites. Application of nanoparticles in
5.1 different fields. Core-shell nanoparticles-types, synthesis, and 4
properties.
Nanocomposites-metal-, ceramic - and polymer-matrix composites-
5.2 4
applications.
Characterization– SEM, TEM and AFM - principle, instrumentation
5.3 4
and applications.
Tutorial 3

Teaching method

Lecture
Unit Topic Teaching Method
hrs.
Introduction of nanomaterials and
1 15 BB and PPT
nanotechnologies
2 Bonding and structure of the nanomaterials 15 BB and PPT
3 Mechanical properties of materials 15 BB and PPT
4 Electrical properties 15 BB and PPT
5 Nano thin films, nanocomposites 15 BB and PPT
Total 75
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: PCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
Elective-II
PCH23ET12 Electrochemistry(Option A) (Discipline 3 2 - 3
A specific)

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext.Marks Total

I I 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims to provide knowledge
 To understand the behavior of electrolytes in terms of conductance, ionic atmosphere,
interactions.
 To familiarize the structure of the electrical double layer of different models.
 To compare electrodes between current density and over potential.
 To discuss the mechanism of electrochemical reactions.
 To highlight the different types of over voltages and its applications in electroanalytical
techniques.

Prerequisite
Students with knowledge on basic concepts of electrochemistry

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcome Proficiency attainment
Understand the behaviour of electrolytes in solution and 80 75
CO1 compare the structures of electrical double layer of different
models.
Predict the kinetics of electrode reactions applying Butler- 80 75
CO2
Volmer and Tafel equations
CO3 Study different thermodynamic mechanism of corrosion, 75 73
Discuss the theories of electrolytes, electrical double 80 78
CO4
layer, electrodics and activity coefficient of electrolytes
Gain knowledge on storage devices and electrochemical 80 75
CO5
reaction mechanism.
Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

CO1 S S M S M S M
S M M M M L M
CO2

M S M S M S M
CO3

M M M S M M M
CO4
L S
CO5 S S M S M
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs with PSO

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S M M L S
CO2 S M M L S
CO3 S M S M S
CO4 S S M M S
CO5 S S S M S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

CA End of Semester
Blooms Taxonomy First Second(Marks) (Marks)
(Marks)
Knowledge -K1 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Understand -K2 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Apply-K3 30% (18) 30% (18) 20% (30)
Analyze-K4 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Evaluate-K5 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Total Marks 60 60 150

Course title:Electrochemistry

UNIT-I: Ionics15 hrs

Arrhenius theory-limitations, Van’t Hoff factor and its relation to colligative properties.
Deviation from ideal behavior. Ionic activity, mean ionic activity and mean ionic activity
coefficient-concept of ionic strength, Debye Huckel theory of strong electrolytes, activity
coefficient of strong electrolytes Determination of activity coefficient ion solvent and ion-ion
interactions. Born equation. Debye-Huckel Bjerrum model. Derivation of Debye-Huckel limiting
law at appreciable concentration of electrolytes modifications and applications. Electrolytic
conduction-Debye-Huckel Onsager treatment of strong electrolyte-qualitative and quantitative
verification and limitations. Evidence for ionic atmosphere. Ion association and triple ion
formations.

UNIT-II:Electrode-electrolyte interface 15 hrs

Interfacial phenomena -Evidences for electrical double layer, polarizable and non-polarizable
interfaces, Electrocapillary phenomena - Lippmann equation electro capillary curves. Electro-
kinetic phenomena electro-osmosis, electrophoresis, streaming and sedimentation potentials,
colloidal and poly electrolytes. Structure of double layer: Helmholtz -Perrin, Guoy- Chapman
and Stern models of electrical double layer. Zeta potential and potential at zero charge.
Applications and limitations.

UNIT-III: Electrodics of Elementary Electrode Reactions 15 hrs

Behavior of electrodes: Standard electrodes and electrodes at equilibrium. Anodic and Cathodic
currents, condition for the discharge of ions. Nernst equation, polarizable and non-polarizable
electrodes. Model of three electrode system, over potential. Rate of electro chemical reactions:
Rates of simple elementary reactions. Butler-Volmer equation-significance of exchange current
density, net current density and symmetry factor. Low and high field approximations. symmetry
factor and transfer coefficient Tafel equations and Tafel plots.

UNIT-IV: Electrodics of Multistep Multi Electron System 15 hrs

Rates of multi-step electrode reactions, Butler - Volmer equation for a multi-step reaction. Rate
determining step, electrode polarization and depolarization. Transfer coefficients, its significance
and determination, Stoichiometric number. Electro-chemical reaction mechanisms-rate
expressions, order, and surface coverage. Reduction of I3-, Fe2+, and dissolution of Fe to Fe2+.
Overvoltage - Chemical and electro chemical, Phase, activation and concentration over
potentials. Evolution of oxygen and hydrogen at different pH. Pourbiax and Evan’s diagrams.

UNIT-V: Concentration Polarization, Batteries and Fuel cells 15 hrs

Modes of Transport of electro active species - Diffusion, migration and hydrodynamic modes.
Role of supporting electrolytes. Polarography-principle and applications. Principle of square
wave polarography. Cyclic voltammetry- anodic and cathodic stripping voltammetry and
differential pulse voltammetry. Sodium and lithium-ion batteries and redox flow batteries.
Mechanism of charge storage: conversion and alloying. Capacitors- mechanism of energy
storage, charging at constant current and constant voltage. Energy production systems: Fuel
Cells: classification, alkaline fuel cells, phosphoric acid fuel cells, high temperature fuel cells.

Text Books:
1. D. R. Crow, Principles and applications of electrochemistry, 4thedition, Chapman &
Hall/CRC, 2014.
2. J. Rajaram and J.C. Kuriakose, Kinetics and Mechanism of chemical transformations
Macmillan India Ltd., New Delhi, 2011.
3. S. Glasstone, Electro chemistry, Affiliated East-West Press, Pvt., Ltd., New Delhi, 2008.
4. B. Viswanathan, S. Sundaram, R. Venkataraman, K. Rengarajan and P.S. Raghavan,
Electrochemistry-Principles and applications, S. Viswanathan Printers, Chennai,2007.
5. Joseph Wang, Analytical Electrochemistry, 2nd edition, Wiley, 2004.

References:
1. J.O.M. Bockris and A.K.N. Reddy, Modern Electro chemistry, vol.1 and 2B, Springer,
Plenum Press, New York, 2008.
2. J.O.M. Bockris, A.K.N. Reddy and M.G. Aldeco Morden Electro chemistry, vol. 2A,
Springer, Plenum Press, New York, 2008.
3. Philip H. Rieger, Electrochemistry, 2nd edition, Springer, New York, 2010.
4. L.I. Antropov, Theoretical electrochemistry, Mir Publishers, 1977.
5. K.L. Kapoor, A Text book of Physical chemistry, volume-3, Macmillan, 2001.

Web Resources:
1. https://www.pdfdrive.com/modern-electrochemistry-e34333229.
Course Designers:
1. Dr. R. Sayeekannan
2. Dr. A.R.Ramesh
3. Dr. T. Arumuganathan
4. Dr. M. Sathiya
5. Dr. A. Baish Nisha
6. Dr. K. Ganesan

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.
1 Ionics
Arrhenius theory -limitations, van’t Hoff factor and its relation to
colligative properties. Deviation from ideal behavior. Ionic activity,
1.1 3
mean ionic activity and mean ionic activity coefficient-concept of ionic
strength,
Debye Huckel theory of strong electrolytes, activity coefficient of
1.2 strong electrolytes Determination of activity coefficient ion solvent and 3
ion-ion interactions. formations.
Born equation. Debye-Huckel Bjerrum model. Derivation of Debye-
1.3 Huckel limiting law at appreciable concentration of electrolytes 2
modifications and applications.
Electrolytic conduction-Debye-Huckel Onsager treatment of strong
1.4 2
electrolyte-qualitative and quantitative verification and limitations.
1.5 Evidence for ionic atmosphere. Ion association and triple ion 2
 Tutorial 3

2 Electrode-electrolyte interface
Interfacial phenomena -Evidences for electrical double layer,
2.1 3
polarizable and non-polarizable interfaces,
Electrocapillary phenomena - Lippmann equation electro capillary
2.2 2
curves.
Electro-kinetic phenomena electro-osmosis, electrophoresis, streaming
2.3 3
and sedimentation potentials, colloidal and poly electrolytes.
Structure of double layer: Helmholtz -Perrin, Guoy- Chapman and
2.4 2
Stern models of electrical double layer.
Zeta potential and potential at zero charge. Applications and
2.5 2
limitations.
Tutorial 3

3 Electrodics of Elementary Electrode Reactions

Electrodics of Elementary Electrode Reactions: Behavior of
3.1 electrodes: Standard electrodes and electrodes at equilibrium. Anodic 3
and Cathodic currents, condition for the discharge of ions.
Nernst equation, polarizable and non-polarizable electrodes. Model of
3.2 2
three electrode system, over potential.
Rate of electro chemical reactions: Rates of simple elementary
3.3 2
reactions.
Butler-Volmer equation-significance of exchange current density, net
3.4 3
current density and symmetry factor.
Low and high field approximations. symmetry factor and transfer
3.5 2
coefficient Tafel equations and Tafel plots.
Tutorial 3
4 Electrodics of Multistep Multi Electron System
Rates of multi-step electrode reactions, Butler - Volmer equation for a
4.1 3
multi-step reaction.
Rate determining step, electrode polarization and depolarization.
4.2 Transfer coefficients, its significance and determination, 2
Stoichiometric number.
Electro-chemical reaction mechanisms-rate expressions, order, and
4.3 2
surface coverage.
4.4 Reduction of I3-, Fe2+, and dissolution of Fe to Fe2+. 1
Overvoltage - Chemical and electro chemical, Phase, activation and
4.5 2
concentration over potentials.
 Evolution of oxygen and hydrogen at different pH. Pourbiax and
4.6 2
Evan’s diagrams.
Tutorial 3

5 Concentration Polarization, Batteries and Fuel cells

Modes of Transport of electro active species - Diffusion, migration and
5.1 3
hydrodynamic modes. Role of supporting electrolytes.
Polarography-principle and applications. Principle of square wave
5.2 2
polarography.
Cyclic voltammetry- anodic and cathodic stripping voltammetry and
5.3 differential pulse voltammetry. Sodium and lithium-ion batteries and 2
redox flow batteries.
Mechanism of charge storage: conversion and alloying. Capacitors -
5.4 mechanism of energy storage, charging at constant current and 2
constant voltage.
Energy production systems: Fuel Cells:classification, alkaline fuel
5.5 2
cells,
5.6 Phosphoric acid fuel cells, high temperature fuel cells. 1

Tutorial 3

Teaching method

Lecture Teaching
Unit Topic
hrs. Method
Ionics: Arrhenius theory -limitations, van’t Hoff factor
and its relation to colligative properties. Deviation from
1.1 3 Chalk & board
ideal behavior. Ionic activity, mean ionic activity and
mean ionic activity coefficient-concept of ionic strength
Debye Huckel theory of strong electrolytes, activity
coefficient of strong electrolytes Determination of
1.2 3 Chalk & board
activity coefficient ion solvent and ion-ion interactions
formations.
Born equation. Debye-Huckel Bjerrum model.
Derivation of Debye-Huckel limiting law at appreciable
1.3 3 Chalk & board
concentration of electrolytes modifications and
applications.
Electrolytic conduction-Debye-Huckel Onsager
1.4 treatment of strong electrolyte-qualitative and 3 PPT
quantitative verification and limitations.
Evidence for ionic atmosphere. Ion association and
1.5 3 Chalk & board
triple ion
 Electrode-electrolyte interface: Interfacial phenomena
2.1 -Evidences for electrical double layer, polarizable and 3 Chalk & board
non-polarizable interfaces,
Electrocapillary phenomena - Lippmann equation
2.2 3 Chalk & board
electro capillary curves.
Electro-kinetic phenomena electro-osmosis,
2.3 electrophoresis, streaming and sedimentation potentials, 3 PPT
colloidal and poly electrolytes.
Structure of double layer: Helmholtz -Perrin, Guoy-
2.4 3 Chalk & board
Chapman and Stern models of electrical double layer.
Zeta potential and potential at zero charge. Applications
2.5 3 Chalk & board
and limitations.
Electrodics of Elementary Electrode Reactions:
Behavior of electrodes: Standard electrodes and
3.1 3 Chalk & board
electrodes at equilibrium. Anodic and Cathodic
currents, condition for the discharge of ions.
Nernst equation, polarizable and non-polarizable
3.2 electrodes. Model of three electrode system, over 3 Chalk & board
potential.
Rate of electro chemical reactions: Rates of simple
3.3 3 PPT
elementary reactions.
Butler-Volmer equation-significance of exchange
3.4 current density, net current density and symmetry 3 Chalk & board
factor.
Low and high field approximations. symmetry factor
3.5 3 Chalk & board
and transfer coefficient Tafel equations and Tafel plots.
Electrodics of Multistep Multi Electron System:
4.1 Rates of multi-step electrode reactions, Butler - Volmer 3 Chalk & board
equation for a multi-step reaction.
Rate determining step, electrode polarization and
4.2 depolarization. Transfer coefficients, its significance 3 Chalk & board
and determination, Stoichiometric number.
Electro-chemical reaction mechanisms-rate expressions,
4.3 2 PPT
order, and surface coverage.
4.4 Reduction of I3-, Fe2+ and dissolution of Fe to Fe2+. 2 Chalk & board
Overvoltage - Chemical and electro chemical, Phase,
4.5 2 Chalk & board
activation and concentration over potentials.
Evolution of oxygen and hydrogen at different pH.
4.6 3 Chalk & board
Pourbiax and Evan’s diagrams.
Concentration Polarization, Batteries and Fuel cells:
5.1 3 Chalk & board
Modes of Transport of electro active species -
 Diffusion, migration and hydrodynamic modes. Role of
supporting electrolytes.
Polarography-principle and applications. Principle of
5.2 3 Chalk & board
square wave polarography.
Cyclic voltammetry- anodic and cathodic stripping
voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry.
5.3 3 Chalk & board
Sodium and lithium-ion batteries and redox flow
batteries.
Mechanism of charge storage: conversion and alloying.
5.4 Capacitors- mechanism of energy storage, charging at 2 Chalk & board
constant current and constant voltage.
Energy production systems: Fuel Cells:
5.5 2 Chalk & board
classification, alkaline fuel cells,
5.6 phosphoric acid fuel cells, high temperature fuel cells. 2 PPT
Total 75
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: PCH
Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
Elective-2
Molecular spectroscopy(Option B)
PCH23ET12 (Discipline 3 2 - 3
B specific)

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext.Marks Total

I I 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims to provide knowledge
 To understand the influence of rotation and vibrations on the spectra of the polyatomic
molecules.
 To study the principle of Raman spectroscopy, ESR spectroscopy, EPR spectroscopy and
fragmentation patterns in Mass spectroscopy.
 To highlight the significance of Franck-Condon principle to interpret the selection rule,
intensity and types of electronic transitions.
 To interpret the first and second order NMR spectra in terms of splitting and coupling
patterns using correlation techniques such as COSY, HETCOR, NOESY.
 To carry out the structural elucidation of molecules using different spectral techniques.

Prerequisite
Students with basic knowledge of spectroscopy at undergraduate level

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcome Proficiency attainment
Understand the importance of rotational and Raman 80 78
CO1
spectroscopy.
Apply the vibrational spectroscopic techniques to 80 78
CO2
diatomic and polyatomic molecules.
Evaluate different electronic spectra of simple 85 80
CO3
molecules using electronic spectroscopy.
Outline the NMR, 13C NMR, 2D NMR – COSY, 75 70
CO4 NOESY, Introduction to 31P, 19F NMR and ESR
spectroscopic techniques.
 Develop the knowledge on principle, instrumentation 78 75
and structural elucidation of simple molecules using
CO5
Mass Spectrometry, EPR and Mossbauer
Spectroscopy techniques.

Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

CO1 S S M S M S S
CO2 S M S M M L S

CO3 M S M S M L S

CO4 M M M S M M S

CO5 S S M S M L S

S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S L S
CO2 S S S L S
CO3 S S S M S
CO4 S S S M S
CO5 S S S M S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low
Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

CA End of Semester
Blooms Taxonomy First Second(Marks) (Marks)
(Marks)
Knowledge -K1 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Understand -K2 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Apply-K3 30% (18) 30% (18) 20% (30)
Analyze-K4 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Evaluate-K5 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Total Marks 60 60 150

Course title:Molecular spectroscopy

Unit I: Rotational and Raman Spectroscopy 15 hrs

Rotational spectra of diatomic and polyatomic molecules. Intensities of rotational spectral lines,
effect of isotopic substitution. Non-rigid rotators. Classical theory of the Raman effect,
polarizability as a tensor, polarizability ellipsoids, quantum theory of the Raman effect, Pure
rotational Raman spectra of linear and asymmetric top molecules, Stokes and anti-Stokes lines.
Vibrational Raman spectra, Raman activity of vibrations, rule of mutual exclusion, rotational
fine structure-O and S branches, Polarization of Raman scattered photons.
Unit II: Vibrational Spectroscopy 15 hrs
Vibrations of molecules, harmonic and anharmonic oscillators- vibrational energy expression,
energy level diagram, vibrational wave functions and their symmetry, selection rules, expression
for the energies of spectral lines, computation of intensities, hot bands, effect of isotopic
substitution. Diatomic vibrating rotor, vibrational-rotational spectra of diatomic molecules, P, R
branches, breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Vibrations of polyatomic
molecules – symmetry properties, overtone and combination frequencies. Influence of rotation
on vibrational spectra of polyatomic molecule, P, Q, R branches, parallel and perpendicular
vibrations of linear and symmetric top molecules.
Unit III: Electronic spectroscopy 15 hrs
Electronic Spectroscopy: Electronic spectroscopy of diatomic molecules, Frank-Condon
principle, dissociation and predissociation spectra. π→π*, n→π* transitions and their selection
rules. Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Basic principles, photoelectron spectra of simple molecules,
Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Lasers: Laser action, population inversion, properties of
laser radiation, examples of simple laser systems.
Unit IV: NMR and ESR spectroscopy 15 hrs
Chemical shift, Factors influencing chemical shifts: electronegativity and electrostatic effects;
Mechanism of shielding and deshielding. Spin systems: First order and second order coupling of
AB systems, Simplification of complex spectra. Spin-spin interactions: Homonuclear coupling
interactions - AX, AX2, AB types. Vicinal, germinal and long-range coupling-spin decoupling.
Nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE), Factors influencing coupling constants and Relative
intensities. 13CNMR and structural correlations, Satellites. Brief introduction to 2D NMR –
COSY, NOESY. Introduction to 31P, 19F NMR. ESR spectroscopy Characteristic features of
ESR spectra, line shapes and line widths; ESR spectrometer. The g value and the hyperfine
coupling parameter (A), origin of hyperfine interaction. Interpretation of ESR spectra and
structure elucidation of organic radicals using ESR spectroscopy; Spin orbit coupling and
significance of g-tensors, zero/non-zero field splitting, Kramer’s degeneracy, application to
transition metal complexes (having one to five unpaired electrons) including biological
molecules and inorganic free radicals. ESR spectra of magnetically dilute samples.
Unit V: Mass Spectrometry, EPR and Mossbauer Spectroscopy 15 hrs
Ionization techniques- Electron ionization (EI), chemical ionization (CI), desorption ionization
(FAB/MALDI), electrospray ionization (ESI), isotope abundance, molecular ion, fragmentation
processes of organic molecules, deduction of structure through mass spectral fragmentation, high
resolution. Effect of isotopes on the appearance of mass spectrum. EPR spectra of anisotropic
systems - anisotropy in g-value, causes of anisotropy, anisotropy in hyperfine coupling,
hyperfine splitting caused by quadrupole nuclei. Zero-field splitting (ZFS) and Kramer’s
degeneracy. Applications of EPR to organic and inorganic systems. Structural elucidation of
organic compounds by combined spectral techniques. Principle of Mossbauer spectroscopy:
Doppler shift, recoil energy. Isomer shift, quadrupole splitting, magnetic interactions.
Applications: Mossbauer spectra of high and low-spin Fe and Sn compounds.
Text Books:
1. C. N. Banwell and E. M. McCash, Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy, 4th Ed., Tata
McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2000.
2. R. M. Silverstein and F. X. Webster, Spectroscopic Identification of Organic Compounds,
6th Ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2003.
3. W. Kemp, Applications of Spectroscopy, English Language Book Society, 1987.
4. D. H. Williams and I. Fleming, Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry, 4th Ed., Tata
McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, New Delhi, 1988.
5. R. S. Drago, Physical Methods in Chemistry; Saunders: Philadelphia, 1992.

References:

1. P.W. Atkins and J. de Paula, Physical Chemistry, 7th Ed., Oxford University Press, Oxford,
2002.
2. I. N. Levine, Molecular Spectroscopy, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1974.
3. A. Rahman, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Basic Principles, Springer-Verlag, New York,
1986.
4. K. Nakamoto, Infrared and Raman Spectra of Inorganic and coordination Compounds,
PartB: 5th ed., John Wiley& Sons Inc., New York, 1997.
5. J. A. Weil, J. R. Bolton and J. E. Wertz, Electron Paramagnetic Resonance; Wiley
Interscience, 1994.

Web Resources:

1. https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc20_cy08/preview
2. https://www.digimat.in/nptel/courses/video/104106122/L14.html

Course Designers:
1. Dr. R. Sayeekannan
2. Dr. A.R.Ramesh
3. Dr. T. Arumuganathan
4. Dr. M. Sathiya
5. Dr. A. Baish Nisha
6. Dr. K. Ganesan

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

 Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.
1 Rotational and Raman Spectroscopy

1.1 Rotational spectra of diatomic and polyatomic molecules. 3

Intensities of rotational spectral lines, effect of isotopic substitution.
1.2 3
Non-rigid rotators
Classical theory of the Raman effect, polarizability as a tensor,
1.3 2
polarizability ellipsoids,
Quantum theory of the Raman effect, Pure rotational Raman spectra of
1.4 2
linear and asymmetric top molecules, Stokes and anti-Stokes lines.
Vibrational Raman spectra, Raman activity of vibrations, rule of
1.5 mutual exclusion, rotational fine structure-O and S branches, 2
Polarization of Raman scattered photons.
Tutorial 3

2 Vibrational Spectroscopy
Vibrations of molecules, harmonic and anharmonic oscillators-
2.1 vibrational energy expression, energy level diagram, vibrational wave 3
functions and their symmetry, selection rules
Expression for the energies of spectral lines, computation of
2.2 3
intensities, hot bands, effect of isotopic substitution.
Diatomic vibrating rotor, vibrational-rotational spectra of diatomic
2.3 molecules, P, R branches, breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer 2
approximation.
Vibrations of polyatomic molecules – symmetry properties, overtone
2.4 2
and combination frequencies.
Influence of rotation on vibrational spectra of polyatomic molecule, P,
2.5 Q, R branches, parallel and perpendicular vibrations of linear and 2
symmetric top molecules.
Tutorial 3

3 Electronic Spectroscopy
Electronic spectroscopy of diatomic molecules, Frank-Condon
3.1 3
principle, dissociation and predissociation spectra.
3.2 π→π*, n→π* transitions and their selection rules. 3
Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Basic principles, photoelectron spectra of
3.3 2
simple molecules, Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
3.4 Lasers: Laser action, population inversion 2
3.5 Pproperties of laser radiation, examples of simple laser systems. 2
Tutorial 3
4 NMR and ESR spectroscopy
Chemical shift, Factors influencing chemical shifts: electronegativity
4.1 2
and electrostatic effects; Mechanism of shielding and deshielding.
Spin systems: First order and second order coupling of AB systems,
Simplification of complex spectra. Spin-spin interactions:
4.2 3
Homonuclear coupling interactions - AX, AX2, AB types. Vicinal,
germinal and long-range coupling-spin decoupling.
Nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE), Factors influencing coupling
4.3 constants and Relative intensities. 13CNMR and structural 2
correlations, Satellites.
Brief introduction to 2D NMR – COSY, NOESY. Introduction to 31P,
4.4 1
19F NMR.
ESR spectroscopy Characteristic features of ESR spectra, line shapes
4.5 and line widths; ESR spectrometer. The g value and the hyperfine 2
coupling parameter (A), origin of hyperfine interaction.
Interpretation of ESR spectra and structure elucidation of organic
radicals using ESR spectroscopy; Spin orbit coupling and significance
of g-tensors, zero/non-zero field splitting, Kramer’s degeneracy,
4.6 2
application to transition metal complexes (having one to five unpaired
electrons) including biological molecules and inorganic free radicals.
ESR spectra of magnetically dilute samples.
Tutorial 3

5 Mass Spectrometry, EPR and Mossbauer Spectroscopy

Ionization techniques- Electron ionization (EI), chemical ionization
5.1 (CI), desorption ionization (FAB/MALDI), electrospray ionization 2
(ESI),
isotope abundance, molecular ion, fragmentation processes of organic
5.2 molecules, deduction of structure through mass spectral fragmentation, 2
high resolution. Effect of isotopes on the appearance of mass spectrum.
EPR spectra of anisotropic systems - anisotropy in g-value, causes of
5.3 anisotropy, anisotropy in hyperfine coupling, hyperfinesplitting caused 3
by quadrupole nuclei.
5.4 Zero-field splitting (ZFS) and Kramer’s degeneracy. 1
Applications of EPR to organic and inorganic systems. Structural
5.5 elucidation of organic compounds by combined spectral techniques. 2
Principle of Mossbauer spectroscopy
 Doppler shift, recoil energy. Isomer shift, quadrupole splitting,
5.6 magnetic interactions. Applications: Mossbauer spectra of high and 2
low-spin Fe and Sn compounds.
Tutorial 3
Questions related to the above topics, from various competitive
examinations UPSC / TRB / NET/ UGC-CSIR / GATE /TNPSC others
to be solved
(To be discussed during the Tutorial hours)

Teaching method

Lecture
Unit Topic Teaching Method
hrs.
Rotational and Raman Spectroscopy: Rotational
1.1 3 Chalk & board
spectra of diatomic and polyatomic molecules.
Intensities of rotational spectral lines, effect of
1.2 3 Chalk & board
isotopic substitution. Non-rigid rotators
Classical theory of the Raman effect, polarizability as
1.3 3 Chalk & board
a tensor, polarizability ellipsoids,
Quantum theory of the Raman effect, Pure rotational
1.4 Raman spectra of linear and asymmetric top 3 PPT
molecules, Stokes and anti-Stokes lines.
Vibrational Raman spectra, Raman activity of
vibrations, rule of mutual exclusion, rotational fine
1.5 3 Chalk & board
structure-O and S branches, Polarization of Raman
scattered photons.
Vibrational Spectroscopy: Vibrations of molecules,
harmonic and anharmonic oscillators- vibrational
2.1 3 Chalk & board
energy expression, energy level diagram, vibrational
wave functions and their symmetry, selection rules
Expression for the energies of spectral lines,
2.2 computation of intensities, hot bands, effect of 3 Chalk & board
isotopic substitution.
Diatomic vibrating rotor, vibrational-rotational
2.3 spectra of diatomic molecules, P, R branches, 3 PPT
breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation.
Vibrations of polyatomic molecules – symmetry
2.4 3 Chalk & board
properties, overtone and combination frequencies.
 Influence of rotation on vibrational spectra of
polyatomic molecule, P, Q, R branches, parallel and
2.5 3 Chalk & board
perpendicular vibrations of linear and symmetric top
molecules.
Electronic Spectroscopy: Electronic spectroscopy of
3.1 diatomic molecules, Frank-Condon principle, 3 Chalk & board
dissociation and predissociation spectra.
3.2 π→π*, n→π* transitions and their selection rules. 3 Chalk & board
Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Basic principles,
3.3 photoelectron spectra of simple molecules, Xray 3 PPT
photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
3.4 Lasers: Laser action, population inversion 3 Chalk & board
Properties of laser radiation, examples of simple laser
3.5 3 Chalk & board
systems.
NMR and ESR spectroscopy: Chemical shift,
Factors influencing chemical shifts: electronegativity
4.1 3 Chalk & board
and electrostatic effects; Mechanism of shielding and
deshielding.
Spin systems: First order and second order coupling
of AB systems, Simplification of complex spectra.
4.2 Spin-spin interactions: Homonuclear coupling 3 Chalk & board
interactions - AX, AX2, AB types. Vicinal, germinal
and long-range coupling-spin decoupling.
Nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE), Factors influencing
4.3 coupling constants and Relative intensities. 13CNMR 2 PPT
and structural correlations, Satellites.
Brief introduction to 2D NMR – COSY, NOESY.
4.4 2 Chalk & board
Introduction to 31P, 19F NMR.
ESR spectroscopy Characteristic features of ESR
spectra, line shapes and line widths; ESR
4.5 2 Chalk & board
spectrometer. The g value and the hyperfine coupling
parameter (A), origin of hyperfine interaction.
Interpretation of ESR spectra and structure
elucidation of organic radicals using ESR
spectroscopy; Spin orbit coupling and significance of
g-tensors, zero/non-zero field splitting, Kramer’s
4.6 3 Chalk & board
degeneracy, application to transition metal complexes
(having one to five unpaired electrons) including
biological molecules and inorganic free radicals. ESR
spectra of magnetically dilute samples.
Mass Spectrometry, EPR and Mossbauer
Spectroscopy: Ionization techniques- Electron
5.1 3 Chalk & board
ionization (EI), chemical ionization (CI), desorption
ionization (FAB/MALDI), electrospray ionization
 (ESI)
Isotope abundance, molecular ion, fragmentation
processes of organic molecules, deduction of structure
5.2 through mass spectral fragmentation, high resolution. 3 Chalk & board
Effect of isotopes on the appearance of mass
spectrum.
EPR spectra of anisotropic systems - anisotropy in g-
value, causes of anisotropy, anisotropy in hyperfine
5.3 3 Chalk & board
coupling, hyperfine splitting caused by quadrupole
nuclei.
5.4 Zero-field splitting (ZFS) and Kramer’s degeneracy. 2 Chalk & board
Applications of EPR to organic and inorganic
systems. Structural elucidation of organic compounds
5.5 2 Chalk & board
by combined spectral techniques. Principle of
Mossbauer spectroscopy
Doppler shift, recoil energy. Isomer shift, quadrupole
splitting, magnetic interactions. Applications:
5.6 Mossbauer spectra of high and low-spin Fe and Sn 2 PPT
compounds.

Total 75
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: PCH

Course Code Course title Category L T P Credit

PCH23SL11 Preparation of consumer SEC-1 - - 3 2
products - Lab

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I I 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims at familiarizing the preparation of consumer products which are used in daily
life.
Prerequisite
Students with minimum knowledge on consumer products.

Course Outcomes
On the completion of the course the student will be able to
# Course Outcome Expected Expected
Proficiency attainment
CO1 Identify the various ingredients present in the 75% 75%
consumer products.
CO2 Gain theoretical knowledge on the preparation of 75% 75%
consumer products.
CO3 Prepare consumer products like detergent powder, 75% 75%
cleaning powder, tooth powder, etc., on their own.

CO4 Prepare consumer cum cosmetic products like Kaajal, 75% 75%
Moisturizer, Lipsticks, etc., on their own.

CO5 Become an entrepreneur in making consumer products 75% 75%

Mapping of COs and POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

CO1 S S S S S S S
CO2 M S S S M S S
CO3 S S S M S S S
 CO4 S S S S S S S
CO5 S M S S S S S
S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Mapping of COs and PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S M

CO2 S M S S S

CO3 S S M S S

CO4 S S S M S

CO5 S S S M S

S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Course title:Preparation of Consumer Products - Lab

The following Consumer Products will be prepared at Lab.
1. Instant Dhoop
2. Pain Balm
3. Detergent Powder /Liquid
4. Face Powder
5. Candles
6. Chalk
7. Cleaning Powder
8. Soap oil
9. Tooth Powder
10. Phenoyl
11. Shampoo
12. Lips Sticks
13. Kaajal
14. Moisturizer
15. Sanitizer
Text Books
1 Poucher, W.A. Perfumes, Cosmetics and soaps, Vol. III, Modern Cosmetics;
2 Simons, J.V. Chemistry and the beauty business.
3 B.K.Sharma, Industrial Chemistry, Goel publishing House, Meerut, 2003, New Delhi.
Reference Books
1. R.V.Shreve, Industrial Chemical Process, Tata McGraw Hill publishing company, 2005,
Mumbai. 2. Mohan Malhotra, Latest Cottage Industries, 20th Edition Edn, Vishal
publishers, 1980, Meerut
Course Designers
1. Dr. D. S. Bhuvaneshwari
2. Dr. M. Sathiya
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: PCH

Course Code Course title Category L T P Credit

PCH23AT11 C- Programming in AECC-1 2 - - 2
chemistry

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I I 25 75 100

Preamble
The course explains the importance of C-programming and various terms used in C. It also
explains the applications of C in solving problems in chemistry.
Prerequisite
Students with basic knowledge on computer.
Course Outcomes
On the completion of the course the student will be able to
# Course Outcome Expected Expected
Proficiency attainment

CO1 Learn the overview of C-programming 85% 80%

CO2 Comprehend the basic ideas of operators, Data input and 85% 83%
Output
CO3 Write C-programming in Physical Chemistry 80% 75%

CO4 Apply C-programming in Inorganic Chemistry 80% 75%

CO5 Apply C-programming in Organic Chemistry 80% 75%

Mapping of COs and POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

CO1 S S S S M S M
CO2 M S S M M M M
CO3 S S M S M S M
CO4 S S S S M M M
CO5 S M S S M M S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low
Mapping of COs and PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S M

CO2 S M S S S

CO3 S S M S S

CO4 S S S M S

CO5 S S S M S

S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Bloom’s Taxonomy and assessment pattern

CA End of Semester
Blooms Taxonomy First Second(Marks) (Marks)
(Marks)
Knowledge -K1 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Understand -K2 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Apply-K3 30% (18) 30% (18) 20% (30)
Analyze-K4 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Evaluate-K5 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Total Marks 60 60 150

Course title:C- Programming in Chemistry

UNIT- I: Introduction6 hrs

Importance of C-structure of C-programs- Simple programs-style of the language. Characters–
Keywords, Variables and parameters-Data types-Constants-Declaration of and assignments of
values to variables.
Operators-Arithmetic, Relational, Logical, assignment, Increment and Decrement, Conditional
and bitwise operators-Special operators. Formatted input and output data-the gets, puts, getchar,
putchar functions - Scanf and printf - - preparing and running a complete program.

UNIT – II: Decision making and branching 6 hrs

Decision making with IF statement –simple IF statement-the IF…ELSE statement- Nesting of
IF…Else statements – The ELSE IF ladder –The Switch statement – The ?: operator – the GOTO
statement.
Decision making and Looping: The WHILE statement – The DO statement-The FOR statement
– Jumps in loops
Arrays: One dimensional array –Two dimensional arrays –Initializing two dimensional arrays
Multidimensional arrays.
User defined functions: Need for user–defined functions – A multifunction program – The form
of C functions - Return values and their types- Calling a function –Category of function - No
arguments and no return values – Nesting functions - Recursions - The scope and life time of
variables in function.
UNIT – III: Application of C-programming in Physical Chemistry 6 hrs
1. Calculation of RMS, average and MPV of gases.
2. Solving Quadratic equation to evaluate the Equilibrium constant for the reaction
H2 + I2 = 2HI
3. Mean activity coefficient of an Electrolyte (KCl)
4. Calculation of pH.
5. Determination on First Order rate constant for the given reaction
6. Determination of enthalpy of a given reaction
7. Evaluation of Cell constant

UNIT – IV: Application of C-programming in Inorganic Chemistry 6 hrs

1. Array manipulation to balance the chemical equations.
2. Half -life and average life periods of radioactive nuclei.
3. Binding energy of nucleus.
4. Program to get output as First ten elements of Periodic Table with their Name, Symbol,
Atomic number and Atomic Weight.
5. Evaluation of lattice energy using
i). Born- Haber Cycle
ii). Born - Lande equation
6. Computing ionic radii- Lande’s method and Pauling’s method
7. Calculation of energy of Hydrogen atom spectral lines.

UNIT – V: Application of C-programming in Organic Chemistry 6 hrs

1. Calculation of Molecular weight of Organic Compounds.
2. Use of Recursive functions to calculate the number of pi Resonance structures for an
organic conjugated system using res - str = n! / ((n/2)! * ((n/2) + 1)!)
3. Empirical formula of Hydrocarbons and other Organic compounds.
4. Calculation of Normality, Molarity and Molality of a given solution
5. Converting Kelvin to Celsius temperature and vice versa.

Text Books
1. E. Balagurusamy, 2005. Programming in ANSI C, Tata McGraw- Hill Publishing
 Company Ltd., New Delhi, 3rd Edn. 10th reprint.
Reference Books
1. Brian W. Kernighan & Dennis M. Ritchie, 2001. The C Programming Language, Prentice
Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi, 2nd Edn.
2. Byron S. Gottfried, 2001. Programming with C, Tata McGraw- Hill Publishing Company
Ltd., New Delhi, 2nd Edn.
3. R. Rajaram, 1999. C Programming Made Easy, Scitech Publications, Chennai.
4. Yeshavant Kanitkar, 1999. Let Us C, BPB Publications, New Delhi, 3rd Edn..
5. Yeshavant Kanitkar, C 1998 - Projects, BPB Publications, New Delhi,.
6. K. V. Raman, 1993 Computers in Chemistry, Tata McGraw- Hill Publishing Company
Ltd., New Delhi, 3rd Edn.
Course Designers
1. Dr. A. Elangovan
2. Dr. R. Mahalakshmy
3. Dr. A. Tamil Selvi
4. Dr. M. Sathiya

Course contents and lecture schedule

Unit Topic No. of

lecture hrs
1 Introduction
1.1 Importance of C-structure of C-programs- Simple programs-style of 1
the language. Characters–Keywords, Variables and parameters
1.2 Data types-Constants-Declaration of and assignments of values to 3
variables.
Operators-Arithmetic, Relational, Logical, assignment, Increment
and Decrement, Conditional and bitwise operators-Special operators.
1.3 Formatted input and output data-the gets, puts, getchar, putchar 2
functions - Scanf and printf - preparing and running a complete
program.
2 Decision making and branching
2.1 Decision making and branching: Decision making with IF statement 1
–simple IF statement-the IF…ELSE statement
2.2 Nesting of IF…Else statements – The ELSE IF ladder –The Switch 1
statement – The?: operator – the GOTO statement.
2.3 Decision making and Looping: The WHILE statement – The DO 1
statement-The FOR statement – Jumps in loops
2.4 Arrays: One dimensional array –Two dimensional arrays – 1
Initializing two dimensional arrays Multidimensional arrays.
2.5 User defined functions: Need for user–defined functions – A 1
multifunction program, The form of C functions-Return values and
their types.
2.6 Calling a function –Category of function-No arguments and no return 1
values –Nesting functions- Recursions- The scope and life time of
variables in function
3 Application of C-programming in Physical Chemistry
3.1 1. Calculation of RMS, average and MPV of gases. 2
2. Solving Quadratic equation to evaluate the Equilibrium constant
for the reaction
H2 + I2 = 2HI
3.2 3. Mean activity coefficient of an Electrolyte (KCl) 2
4. Calculation of pH.
3.3 5. Determination on First Order rate constant for the given reaction 2
6. Determination of enthalpy of a given reaction
7. Evaluation of Cell constant
4 Application of C-programming in Inorganic Chemistry
4.1 1. Array manipulation to balance the chemical equations. 2
2. Half -life and average life periods of radioactive nuclei.
3. Binding energy of nucleus.
4.2 4. Program to get output as First ten elements of Periodic Table with 22
their Name,
Symbol, Atomic number and Atomic Weight.
5. Evaluation of lattice energy using
i). Born- Haber Cycle
ii). Born - Lande equation
4.3 6. Computing ionic radii- Lande’s method and Pauling’s method 2
7. Calculation of energy of Hydrogen atom spectral lines.
5 Application of C-programming in Organic Chemistry
5.1 Calculation of Molecular weight of Organic Compounds 1
5.2 Use of Recursive functions to calculate the number of pi Resonance 2
structures for an organic conjugated system using res - str = n! /
((n/2)! * ((n/2) + 1)!)
5.3 Empirical formula of Hydrocarbons and other Organic compounds. 1
5.4 Calculation of Normality, Molarity and Molality of a given solution 1
5.5 Converting Kelvin to Celsius temperature and vice versa. 1
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: PCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
Core
PCH23CT21 Organic reaction mechanism-II 4 1 - 4
theory -3

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext.Marks Total

I II 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims to provide knowledge
 To understand the concept of aromaticity in benzenoid, non-benzenoid, heterocyclic and
annulene compounds.
 To understand the mechanism involved in various types of organic reactions with
evidences.
 To understand the applications of synthetically important reagents.
 To correlate the reactivity between aliphatic and aromatic compounds.
 To design synthetic routes for synthetically used organic reactions.
Prerequisite
Students with knowledge on the basic concepts of organic chemistry.

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
Recall the basic principles of aromaticity of organic and 80 75
CO1
heterocyclic compounds.
Understand the mechanism of various types of organic 85 80
CO2
reactions.
Predict the suitable reagents for the conversion of selective 80 78
CO3
organic compounds.
Correlate the principles of substitution, elimination, and 80 75
CO4
addition reactions.
CO5 Design new routes to synthesis organic compounds. 78 75

Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

CO1 S S S S M S S
 CO2 M S S S S M M
CO3 S S M S S S S
CO4 M S S S S M M
CO5 M S M S S M S

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S S
CO2 S S S S S
CO3 S S S S S
CO4 S S S S S
CO5 S S S S S

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

CA End of Semester
Blooms Taxonomy First Second(Marks) (Marks)
(Marks)
Knowledge -K1 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Understand -K2 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Apply-K3 30% (18) 30% (18) 20% (30)
Analyze-K4 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Evaluate-K5 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Total Marks 60 60 150

Course title: Organic reaction mechanism-II

Unit I: Elimination and Free Radical Reactions 15 hrs

Mechanisms: E2, E1, and E1cB mechanisms. Syn and anti-eliminations. Orientation of the
double bond: Hoffmann and Saytzeff rules. Reactivity: Effect of substrate, attacking bases,
leaving group and medium. Stereochemistry of eliminations in acyclic and cyclic systems,
pyrolytic elimination. Long lived and short-lived radicals – Production of radicals by thermal and
photochemical reactions, Detection and stability of radicals, characteristics of free radical
reactions and free radical, reactions of radicals; polymerization, addition, halogenations,
aromatic substitutions, rearrangements. Reactivity: Reactivity on aliphatic, aromatic substrates,
reactivity in the attacking radical, effect of solvent.
Unit II: Oxidation and Reduction Reactions 15 hrs
Mechanisms: Direct electron transfer, hydride transfer, hydrogen transfer, displacement,
addition-elimination, oxidative and reductive coupling reactions. Mechanism of oxidation
reactions: Dehydrogenation by quinones, selenium dioxides, ferricyanide, mercuric acetate lead
tetraacetate, permanganate, manganese dioxide, osmium tetroxide, oxidation of saturated
hydrocarbons, alkyl groups, alcohols, halides and amines. Reactions involving cleavage of C-C
bonds - cleavage of double bonds, oxidative decarboxylation, allylic oxidation, oxidation by
chromium trioxide-pyridine, DMSO-Oxalyl chloride (Swern oxidation) and Corey-Kim
oxidation, dimethyl sulphoxide- dicyclohexyl carbodiimide (DMSO-DCCD). Mechanism of
reduction reactions: Wolff-Kishner, Clemmenson, Rosenmund, reduction with Trialkyl and
triphenyltin hydrides, McFadyen-Steven’s reduction, Homogeneous hydrogenation,
Hydroboration with cyclic systems, MPV and Bouveault-Blanc reduction.
Unit III: Rearrangements 15 hrs
Rearrangements to electron deficient carbon: Pinacol-pinacolone and semi-pinacolone
rearrangements -applications and stereochemistry, Wagner-Meerwein, Demjanov, Dienone-
phenol, Baker-Venkataraman, Benzilic acid and Wolff rearrangements.Rearrangements to
electron deficient nitrogen: Hofmann, Curtius, Schmidt, Lossen, Beckmann and abnormal
Beckmann rearrangements. Rearrangements to electron deficient oxygen: Baeyer-Villiger
oxidation and Dakin rearrangements. Rearrangements to electron rich atom: Favorskii, Quasi-
Favorskii, Stevens, [1,2]-Wittig and [2,3]-Wittig rearrangements.Fries and Photo Fries
rearrangement.Intramolecular rearrangements – Claisen, abnormal Claisen, Cope, oxy-Cope
Benzidine rearrangements.
Unit IV: Addition to Carbon Multiple Bonds 15 hrs
Mechanisms:(a) Addition to carbon-carbon multiple bonds- Addition reactions involving
electrophiles, nucleophiles, free radicals, carbenes and cyclic mechanisms-Orientation and
reactivity, hydrogenation of double and triple bonds, Michael reaction, addition of oxygen and
Nitrogen; (b) Addition to carbon-hetero atom multiple bonds: Mannich reaction, acids, esters,
nitrites, addition of Grignard reagents, Wittig reaction, Prinsreaction. Stereochemical aspects of
addition reactions. Addition to Carbon-Hetero atom Multiplebonds: Addition of Grignard
reagents, organozinc and organolithium reagents to carbonyl and unsaturated carbonyl
compounds. Mechanism of condensation reactions involving enolates –Stobbe reactions.
Hydrolysis of esters and amides, ammonolysis of esters.
Unit V: Reagents and Modern Synthetic Reactions 15 hrs
Lithium diisopropylamine (LDA), Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), Sodium cyanoborohydride
(NaBH3CN), meta-Chloroperbenzoic acid (m-CPBA), Dimethyl aminiopyridine (DMAP), n-
Bu3SnD, Triethylamine (TEA), Diazobicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU),
Diisopropylazodicarboxylate (DIAD), Diethylazodicarboxylate (DEAD), N-bromosuccinimide
(NBS), Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), Tetramethyl piperiridin-1-oxyl (TEMPO),
Phenyltrimethylammonium tribromide (PTAB).Diazomethane and Zn-Cu, Diethyl maleate
(DEM), Copper diacetylacetonate (Cu(acac)2), TiCl3, NaIO4, Pyridinium chlorochromate
(PCC),Pyridinium dichromate (PDC), Meisenheimer complex.Suzuki coupling, Heck reaction,
Negishi reaction, Baylis-Hillman reaction.
Text Books:
1. J. March and M. Smith, Advanced Organic Chemistry, 5th ed., John-Wiley and
Sons.2001.
2. E. S. Gould, Mechanism and Structure in Organic Chemistry, Holt, Rinehart and Winston
Inc., 1959.
3. P. S. Kalsi, Stereochemistry of carbon compounds, 8thedn, New Age International
Publishers, 2015.
 4. P. Y.Bruice, Organic Chemistry, 7th edn., Prentice Hall, 2013.
5. R. T. Morrison, R. N. Boyd, S. K. Bhattacharjee Organic Chemistry, 7th edn., Pearson
Education, 2010.

References:
1. S. H. Pine, Organic Chemistry, 5thedn, McGraw Hill International Editionn, 1987.
2. L. F. Fieser and M. Fieser, Organic Chemistry, Asia Publishing House, Bombay, 2000.
3. E.S. Gould, Mechanism and Structure in Organic Chemistry, Holt, Rinehart and Winston
Inc., 1959.
4. T. L. Gilchrist, Heterocyclic Chemistry, Longman Press, 1989.
5. J. A. Joule and K. Mills, Heterocyclic Chemistry, 4th ed., John-Wiley, 2010.

Web Resources:
1. https://sites.google.com/site/chemistryebookscollection02/home/organic-
chemistry/organic
2. https://www.organic-chemistry.org/

Course Designers:
1. Dr. P. Prakash
2. Dr. R. Mahalakshmy
3. Dr. A. Tamil Selvi
4. Mrs. P. Rajam
5. Dr. J. Thirupathy

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.
1 Elimination and Free Radical Reactions
Mechanisms: E2, E1, and E1cB mechanisms. Syn- and anti-
eliminations. Orientation of the double bond: Hoffmann and Saytzeff
1.1 4
rules. Reactivity: Effect of substrate, attacking bases, leaving group
and medium.
Stereochemistry of eliminations in acyclic and cyclic systems,
pyrolytic elimination. Long lived and short-lived radicals – Production
1.2 of radicals by thermal and photochemical reactions, Detection and 4
stability of radicals, characteristics of free radical reactions and free
radical,
Reactions of radicals; polymerization, addition, halogenations,
aromatic substitutions, rearrangements. Reactivity: Reactivity on
1.3 4
aliphatic, aromatic substrates, reactivity in the attacking radical, effect
of solvent.
Tutorial 3
2 Oxidation and Reduction Reactions
Mechanisms: Direct electron transfer, hydride transfer, hydrogen
2.1 transfer, displacement, addition-elimination, oxidative and reductive 3
coupling reactions, reduction.
Mechanism of oxidation reactions: Dehydrogenation by quinones,
selenium dioxides, ferricyanide, mercuric acetate lead tetraacetate,
2.2 4
permanganate, manganese dioxide, osmium tetroxide, oxidation of
saturated hydrocarbons, alkyl groups, alcohols, halides and amines.
Reactions involving cleavage of C-C bonds - cleavage of double
bonds, oxidative decarboxylation, allylic oxidation, oxidation by
chromium trioxide-pyridine, DMSO-Oxalyl chloride (Swern oxidation)
and Corey-Kim oxidation, dimethyl sulphoxide - dicyclohexyl
2.3 carbodiimide (DMSO-DCCD). Mechanism of reduction reactions: 5
Wolff-Kishner, Clemmenson, Rosenmund, reduction with Trialkyl and
triphenyltin hydrides, McFadyen-Steven’s reduction, Homogeneous
hydrogenation,Hydroboration with cyclic systems, MPV and
Bouveault-Blanc
Tutorial 3

3 Rearrangements
Rearrangements to electron deficient carbon: Pinacol-pinacolone and
semi-pinacolone rearrangements -applications and stereochemistry,
3.1 4
Wagner-Meerwein, Demjanov, Dienone-phenol, Baker-Venkataraman,
Benzilic acid and Wolff rearrangements.
Rearrangements to electron deficient nitrogen: Hofmann, Curtius,
Schmidt, Lossen, Beckmann and abnormal Beckmann rearrangements.
3.2 4
Rearrangements to electron deficient oxygen: Baeyer-Villiger
oxidation and Dakin rearrangements.
Rearrangements to electron rich atom: Favorskii, Quasi-Favorskii,
Stevens, [1,2]-Wittig and [2,3]-Wittig rearrangements.Fries and Photo
3.3 4
Fries rearrangement.Intramolecular rearrangements – Claisen,
abnormal Claisen, Cope, oxy-Cope Benzidine rearrangements.
Tutorial 3

4 Addition to Carbon Multiple Bonds

Mechanisms: (a) Addition to carbon-carbon multiple bonds- Addition
reactions involving electrophiles, nucleophiles, free radicals, carbenes
4.1 4
and cyclic mechanisms- Addition to Carbon-Hetero atom
Multiplebonds:
 Orientation and reactivity, hydrogenation of double and triple bonds,
Michael reaction, addition of oxygen and Nitrogen; (b) Addition to
4.2 carbon-hetero atom multiple bonds: Mannich reaction, acids, esters, 4
nitrites, addition of Grignard reagents, Wittig reaction, Prinsreaction.
Stereochemical aspects of addition reactions.
Addition of Grignard reagents, organozinc and organolithium reagents
to carbonyl and unsaturated carbonyl compounds. Mechanism of
4.3 4
condensation reactions involving enolates–Stobbe reactions.
Hydrolysis of esters and amides, ammonolysis of esters.
Tutorial 3

5 Reagents and Modern Synthetic Reactions

Reagents and Modern Synthetic Reactions: Lithium diisopropylamine
(LDA), Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), Sodium cyanoborohydride
5.1 4
(NaBH3CN), meta-Chloroperbenzoic acid (m-CPBA), Dimethyl
aminiopyridine (DMAP), n-Bu3SnD, Triethylamine (TEA)
Diazobicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU), Diisopropylazodicarboxylate
(DIAD), Diethylazodicarboxylate (DEAD), N-bromosuccinimide
5.2 4
(NBS), Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), Tetramethyl piperiridin-1-oxyl
(TEMPO), Phenyltrimethylammonium tribromide (PTAB).
Diazomethane and Zn-Cu, Diethyl maleate (DEM), Copper
diacetylacetonate (Cu(acac)2), TiCl3, NaIO4, Pyridinium
5.3 chlorochromate (PCC), Pyridinium dichromate (PDC), Meisenheimer 4
complex.Suzuki coupling, Heck reaction, Negishi reaction, Baylis-
Hillman reaction.
Tutorial 3

Teaching methods

Lecture
Unit Topic Teaching Method
hrs.
Chalk and talk,
1 Elimination and Free Radical Reactions 15
Slides
Chalk and talk,
2 Oxidation and Reduction Reactions 15 Slides

Chalk and talk,

3 Rearrangements 15 Slides

Chalk and talk,

4 Addition to Carbon Multiple Bonds 15 Slides
 Chalk and talk,
5 Reagents and Modern Synthetic Reactions 15 Slides
Total 75
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: UCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
Physical chemistry-I Core
PCH23CT22 4 1 - 4
theory -4

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext.Marks Total

I II 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims to provide knowledge
 To recall the fundamentals of thermodynamics and the composition of partial molar
quantities.
 To understand the classical and statistical approach of the functions
 To compare the significance of Maxwell-Boltzman, Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein
 To correlate the theories of reaction rates for the evaluation of thermodynamic
parameters.
 To study the mechanism and kinetics of reactions.
Prerequisite
Students with minimum knowledge on the basics of thermodynamics and kinetics.

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
Explain the classical and statistical concepts of 80 75
CO1
thermodynamics.
Compare and correlate the thermodynamic concepts to 85 80
CO2 study the kinetics of chemical reactions.
Discuss the various thermodynamic and kinetic 80 78
CO3 determinations.

Evaluate the thermodynamic methods for real gases ad 80 75

CO4 mixtures.
Compare the theories of reactions rates and fast reactions. 78 75
CO5

Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

 CO1 S M M M M S M
S M S S S M M
CO2

S S S M M S M
CO3

S S M S M S M
CO4

S M M M M S M
CO5
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S M M L S
CO2 S M M L S
CO3 S S S M S
CO4 S S S M S
CO5 S S S M S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

CA End of Semester
Blooms Taxonomy First Second(Marks) (Marks)
(Marks)
Knowledge -K1 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Understand -K2 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Apply-K3 30% (18) 30% (18) 20% (30)
Analyze-K4 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Evaluate-K5 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Total Marks 60 60 150

Course title: Physical chemistry-I

Unit I: Classical Thermodynamics 15 hrs

Partial molar properties-Chemical potential, Gibb’s-Duhem equation-binary and ternary systems.
Determination of partial molar quantities. Thermodynamics of real gases - Fugacity-
determination of fugacity by graphical and equation of state methods-dependence of temperature,
pressure and composition. Thermodynamics of ideal and non-ideal binary mixtures, Duhem -
Margulus equation applications of ideal and non-ideal mixtures. Activity and activity
coefficients-standard states - determination-vapour pressure, EMF and freezing point methods.
Unit II: Statistical thermodynamics 15 hrs
Introduction of statistical thermodynamics concepts of thermodynamic and mathematical
probabilities-distribution of distinguishable and non-distinguishable particles. Assemblies,
ensembles, canonical particles. Maxwell - Boltzmann, Fermi Dirac & Bose-Einstein Statistics-
comparison and applications. Partition functions-evaluation of translational, vibrational and
rotational partition functions for monoatomic, diatomic and polyatomic ideal gases.
Thermodynamic functions in terms of partition functions-calculation of equilibrium constants.
Statistical approach to Thermodynamic properties: pressure, internal energy, entropy, enthalpy,
Gibb’s function, Helmholtz function residual entropy, equilibrium constants and equipartition
principle. Heat capacity of mono and di atomic gases-ortho and para hydrogen. Heat capacity of
solids-Einstein and Debye models.
Unit III: Irreversible Thermodynamics 15 hrs
Theories of conservation of mass and energy entropy production in open systems by heat, matter
and current flow, force and flux concepts. Onsager theory-validity and verification- Onsager
reciprocal relationships. Electro kinetic and thermo mechanical effects-Application of
irreversible thermodynamics to biological systems.
Unit IV: Kinetics of Reactions 15 hrs
Theories of reactions-effect of temperature on reaction rates, collision theory of reaction rates,
Unimolecular reactions -Lindeman and Christiansen hypothesis- molecular beams, collision
cross sections, effectiveness of collisions, Potential energy surfaces. Transition state theory-
evaluation of thermodynamic parameters of activation-applications of ARRT to reactions
between atoms and molecules, time and true order-kinetic parameter evaluation. Factors
determine the reaction rates in solution - primary salt effect and secondary salt effect,
Homogeneous catalysis- acid- base catalysis-mechanism of acid base catalyzed reactions-
Bronsted catalysis law, enzyme catalysis-Michelis-Menton catalysis.
Unit V: Kinetics of complex and fast reactions 15 hrs
Kinetics of complex reactions, reversible reactions, consecutive reactions, parallel reactions,
chain reactions. Chain reactions-chain length, kinetics of H2 – Cl2 & H2 – Br2 reactions (Thermal
and Photochemical reactions) - Rice Herzfeld mechanism. Study of fast reactions-relaxation
methods- temperature and pressure jump methods electric and magnetic field jump methods -
stopped flow flash photolysis methods and pulse radiolysis. Kinetics of polymerization-free
radical, cationic, anionic polymerization - Polycondensation.

Text Books:
1. J. Rajaram and J.C. Kuriacose, Thermodynamics for Students of Chemistry, 2nd edition,
S.L.N.Chand and Co., Jalandhar, 1986.
2. I.M. Klotz and R.M. Rosenberg, Chemical thermodynamics, 6th edition, W.A. Benjamin
Publishers, California, 1972.
3. M.C. Gupta, Statistical Thermodynamics, New Age International, Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi,
1995.
 4. K.J. Laidler, Chemical Kinetics, 3rd edition, Pearson, Reprint - 2013.
5. J. Rajaram and J.C. Kuriokose, Kinetics and Mechanisms of chemical transformation,
Macmillan India Ltd, Reprint - 2011.

References:
1. D.A. Mcqurrie And J.D. Simon, Physical Chemistry - A Molecular Approach, Viva Books
Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1999.
2. R.P. Rastogi and R.R. Misra, Classical Thermodynamics, Vikas Publishing, Pvt. Ltd., New
Delhi, 1990.
3. S.H. Maron and J.B. Lando, Fundamentals of Physical Chemistry, Macmillan Publishers,
New York, 1974
4. K.B. Ytsiimiriski, “Kinetic Methods of Analysis”, Pergamom Press, 1996.

Web Resources:
1. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/104/103/104103112/
2. https://bit.ly/3tL3GdN

Course Designers:
1. Dr. R. Sayeekannan
2. Dr. A.R.Ramesh
3. Dr. T. Arumuganathan
4. Dr. M. Sathiya
5. Dr. A. Baish Nisha
6. Dr. K. Ganesan

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.
1 Classical Thermodynamics
Partial molar properties-Chemical potential, Gibb’s-Duhem equation-
1.1 2
binary and ternary systems.
1.2 Determination of partial molar quantities. 2
Thermodynamics of real gases - Fugacity- determination of fugacity by
1.3 graphical and equation of state methods-dependence of temperature, 3
pressure and composition.
Thermodynamics of ideal and non-ideal binary mixtures, Duhem -
1.4 3
Margulus equation applications of ideal and non-ideal mixtures.
Activity and activity coefficients-standard states - determination-
1.5 2
vapour pressure, EMF and freezing point methods.
Turotial 3
2 Statistical thermodynamics
Introduction of statistical thermodynamics concepts of thermodynamic
2.1 and mathematical probabilities-distribution of distinguishable and non- 3
distinguishable particles.
Assemblies, ensembles, canonical particles. Maxwell - Boltzmann,
2.2 2
Fermi Dirac & Bose-Einstein Statistics- comparison and applications.
Partition functions-evaluation of translational, vibrational and
2.3 rotational partition functions for monoatomic, diatomic and polyatomic 2
ideal gases.
Thermodynamic functions in terms of partition functions-calculation of
equilibrium constants. Statistical approach to Thermodynamic
2.4 properties: pressure, internal energy, entropy, enthalpy, Gibb’s 3
function, Helmholtz function residual entropy, equilibrium constants
and equipartition principle.
Heat capacity of mono and di atomic gases-ortho and para hydrogen.
2.5 2
Heat capacity of solids-Einstein and Debye models.
Tutorial 3

3 Irreversible Thermodynamics
Theories of conservation of mass and energy entropy production in
3.1 3
open systems by heat, matter and current flow, force and flux concepts.
3.2 Onsager theory-validity and verification 2
3.3 Onsager reciprocal relationships. 2
3.4 Electro kinetic and thermo mechanical effects- 3
3.5 Application of irreversible thermodynamics to biological systems. 2
Tutorial 3
4 Kinetics of Reactions
Theories of reactions-effect of temperature on reaction rates, collision
4.1 2
theory of reaction rates,
Unimolecular reactions -Lindeman and Christiansen hypothesis-
4.2 molecular beams, collision cross sections, effectiveness of collisions, 2
Potential energy surfaces.
Transition state theory-evaluation of thermodynamic parameters of
4.3 activation-applications of ARRT to reactions between atoms and 2
molecules, time and true order-kinetic parameter evaluation.
Factors determine the reaction rates in solution - primary salt effect
4.4 2
and secondary salt effect,
 Homogeneous catalysis- acid- base catalysis-mechanism of acid base
4.5 2
catalyzed reactions-Bronsted catalysis law,
4.6 Enzyme catalysis-Michelis-Menton catalysis. 2

Tutorial 3

5 Kinetics of complex and fast reactions

Kinetics of complex reactions, reversible reactions, consecutive
5.1 2
reactions, parallel reactions, chain reactions.
Chain reactions-chain length, kinetics of H2 – Cl2 & H2 – Br2 reactions
5.2 3
(Thermal and Photochemical reactions) Rice Herzfeld mechanism.
Study of fast reactions-relaxation methods - temperature and pressure
5.3 2
jump methods electric and magnetic field jump methods.
5.4 Stopped flow flash photolysis methods and pulse radiolysis. 2
Kinetics of polymerization-free radical, cationic, anionic
5.5 3
polymerization - Polycondensation.
Tutorial 3

Lecture schedule with teaching methods

Lecture Teaching
Unit Topic
hrs. Method
Classical Thermodynamics: Partial molar properties-
1.1 Chemical potential, Gibb’s-Duhem equation-binary and 3 Chalk & board
ternary systems.
1.2 Determination of partial molar quantities. 3 Chalk & board
Thermodynamics of real gases - Fugacity- determination of
1.3 fugacity by graphical and equation of state methods- 3 Chalk & board
dependence of temperature, pressure and composition.
Thermodynamics of ideal and non-ideal binary mixtures,
1.4 Duhem - Margulus equation applications of ideal and non- 3 PPT
ideal mixtures.
Activity and activity coefficients-standard states -
1.5 determination-vapour pressure, EMF and freezing point 3 Chalk & board
methods.
Statistical thermodynamics: Introduction of statistical
thermodynamics concepts of thermodynamic and
2.1 3 Chalk & board
mathematical probabilities-distribution of distinguishable
and non-distinguishable particles.
 Assemblies, ensembles, canonical particles. Maxwell -
2.2 Boltzmann, Fermi Dirac & Bose-Einstein Statistics- 3 Chalk & board
comparison and applications.
Partition functions-evaluation of translational, vibrational
2.3 and rotational partition functions for monoatomic, diatomic 3 PPT
and polyatomic ideal gases.
Thermodynamic functions in terms of partition functions-
calculation of equilibrium constants. Statistical approach to
Thermodynamic properties: pressure, internal energy,
2.4 3 Chalk & board
entropy, enthalpy, Gibb’s function, Helmholtz function
residual entropy, equilibrium constants and equipartition
principle.
Heat capacity of mono and di atomic gases-ortho and para
2.5 hydrogen. Heat capacity of solids-Einstein and Debye 3 Chalk & board
models.
Irreversible Thermodynamics: Theories of conservation
3.1 of mass and energy entropy production in open systems by 4 Chalk & board
heat, matter and current flow, force and flux concepts.
3.2 Onsager theory-validity and verification- 3 Chalk & board
3.3 Onsager reciprocal relationships. 2 PPT
3.4 Electro kinetic and thermo mechanical effects- 3 Chalk & board
Application of irreversible thermodynamics to biological
3.5 3 Chalk & board
systems.
Kinetics of Reactions: Theories of reactions-effect of
4.1 temperature on reaction rates, collision theory of reaction 3 Chalk & board
rates,
Unimolecular reactions -Lindeman and Christiansen
4.2 hypothesis- molecular beams, collision cross sections, 3 Chalk & board
effectiveness of collisions, Potential energy surfaces.
Transition state theory-evaluation of thermodynamic
parameters of activation-applications of ARRT to reactions
4.3 2 PPT
between atoms and molecules, time and true order-kinetic
parameter evaluation.
Factors determine the reaction rates in solution - primary
4.4 2 Chalk & board
salt effect and secondary salt effect,
Homogeneous catalysis- acid- base catalysis-mechanism of
4.5 3 Chalk & board
acid base catalyzed reactions-Bronsted catalysis law,
4.6 enzyme catalysis-Michelis-Menton catalysis. 2 Chalk & board
5.1 Kinetics of complex and fast reactions: Kinetics of 3 Chalk & board
 complex reactions, reversible reactions, consecutive
reactions, parallel reactions, chain reactions.
Chain reactions-chain length, kinetics of H2 – Cl2& H2 – Br2
5.2 reactions (Thermal and Photochemical reactions) Rice 3 Chalk & board
Herzfeld mechanism.
Study of fast reactions-relaxation methods- temperature and
5.3 pressure jump methods electric and magnetic field jump 3 Chalk & board
methods
5.4 -stopped flow flash photolysis methods and pulse radiolysis. 2 Chalk & board
Kinetics of polymerization-free radical, cationic, anionic
5.5 4 PPT
polymerization - Polycondensation.
Total 75
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: PCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
Inorganic chemistry practical Core lab -
PCH23CL21 - 1 4 4
2

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext.Marks Total

I II 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims to provide knowledge
 To understand and enhance the visual observation as an analytical tool for the
quantitative estimation of ions.
 To recall the principle and theory in preparing standard solutions.
 To train the students for improving their skill in estimating the amount of ion accurately
present in the solution.
 To estimate metal ions, present in the given solution accurately without using
instruments.
 To determinethe amount of ions, present in a binary mixture accurately.

Prerequisite
Students with minimum knowledge on qualitative analysis of inorganic salts at undergraduate
level.

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
CO1 Identify the anions and cations present in a mixture of salts. 85 80

Apply the principles of semi micro qualitative analysis to 85 83

CO2 categorize acid radicals and basic radicals.

Acquire the qualitative analytical skills by selecting suitable 80 78

CO3 confirmatory tests and spot tests.

Choose the appropriate chemical reagents for the 80 78

CO4 detection of anions and cations.
 80 80
CO5 Synthesize coordination compounds in good quality.
Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

CO1 S S S S S S S

CO2 S S S S S M S

CO3 S S M S S S S

CO4 S S S S S M S

CO5 S S M S S M S

S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S S
CO2 S S S S S
CO3 S S S S S
CO4 S S S S S
CO5 S S S S S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Course title: Inorganic chemistry practical 75 hrs

Unit I: Analysis of mixture of cations: Analysis of a mixture of four cations containing two
common cations and two rare cations.Cations to be tested.
Group-I : W, Tl and Pb.

Group-II : Se, Te, Mo, Cu, Bi and Cd.

Group-III : Tl, Ce, Th, Zr, V, Cr, Fe, Ti and U.

Group-IV : Zn, Ni, Co and Mn.

Group-V : Ca, Ba and Sr.

Group-VI : Li and Mg.

Unit II: Preparation of metal complexes: Preparation of inorganic complexes:

a. Preparation of tristhiourea copper(I)sulphate

b. Preparation of potassium trioxalate chromate(III)

c. Preparation of tetramminecopper(II) sulphate

d. Preparation of Reineck’s salt

e. Preparation of hexathioureacopper(I) chloridedihydrate

f. Preparation of cis-Potassium tri oxalate diaquachromate(III)

g. Preparation of sodium trioxalatoferrate(III)

h. Preparation of hexathiourealead(II) nitrate

Unit III: Complexometric Titration:

1. Estimation of zinc, nickel, magnesium, and calcium.

2. Estimation of mixture of metal ions-pH control, masking and demasking agents.

3. Determination of calcium and lead in a mixture (pH control).

4. Determination of manganese in the presence of iron.

5. Determination of nickel in the presence of iron.

Text Books:
1. A. JeyaRajendran, Microanalytical Techniques in Chemistry: Inorganic Qualitative Analysis,
United global publishers, 2021.
2. V. V. Ramanujam, Inorganic Semimicro Qualitative Analysis; 3rded., the National Publishing
Company, Chennai, 1974.
3. Vogel’s Text book of Inorganic Qualitative Analysis, 4thed., ELBS, London.

References:
1. G. Pass, and H. Sutcliffe, Practical Inorganic Chemistry; Chapman Hall, 1965.

2. W. G. Palmer, Experimental Inorganic Chemistry; Cambridge University Press, 1954.

Web Resources:
1) http://www.federica.unina.it/agraria/analytical-chemistry/volumetricanalysis
2) https://chemdictionary.org/titration-indicator/

Course Designers:
Dr.A.Elangovan
Dr.D.S.Bhuvaneshwari
Dr.K.Selvakumar
Dr.S.Pitchaimuthu
Dr.N.Sudhan
Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
/
Unit Topic
Practical
hrs.
Analysis of mixture of cations: Analysis of a mixture of four cations
1 containing two common cations and two rare cations.Cations to be 25
tested. (Any 3 salt mixtures)

2 Preparation of metal complexes (Any 6) 25

3 Complexometric Titration (Any 3) 25

Teaching method

Lecture
Unit Topic Teaching Method
hrs.
Analysis of mixture of cations: Analysis of a
mixture of four cations containing two common
1 cations and two rare cations.Cations to be tested. 25 Practical
(Any 3 salt mixtures)

2 Preparation of metal complexes (Any 6) 25 Practical

3 Complexometric Titration (Any 3) 25 Practical
Total 75
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: PCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
PCH23ET21 Medicinal chemistry(option A) Elective-3 4 1 - 3

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext.Marks Total

I II 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims to provide knowledge
 To study the chemistry behind the development of pharmaceutical materials.
 To gain knowledge on mechanism and action of drugs.
 To understand the need of antibiotics and usage of drugs.
 To familiarize with the mode of action of diabetic agents and treatment of diabetes.
 To identify and apply the action of various antibiotics.

Prerequisite
Students with minimum knowledge on drugs and their properties.

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
CO1 Predict drugs properties based on its structure. 80 75
Describe the factors that affect its absorption, distribution, 78 75
CO2 metabolism, and excretion, and hence the considerations to
be made in drug design.
Explain the relationship between drug’s chemical structure 80 75
CO3
and its therapeutic properties.
Designed to give the knowledge of different theories of 75 75
CO4 drug actions at molecular level.
To identify different targets for the development of new 78 75
CO5 drugs for the treatment of infectious and GIT.

Mapping of COs with POs

 # PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7
CO1 S S S S M S S
CO2 M S S S S M S
CO3 S S M S S S S
CO4 M S S S S M S
CO5 M S M S S M S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S S
CO2 S S S S S
CO3 S S S S S
CO4 S S S S S
CO5 S S S S S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

CA End of Semester
Blooms Taxonomy First Second(Marks) (Marks)
(Marks)
Knowledge -K1 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Understand -K2 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Apply-K3 30% (18) 30% (18) 20% (30)
Analyze-K4 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Evaluate-K5 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Total Marks 60 60 150

Course title: Medicinal Chemistry

Unit I: Introduction to receptors 15 hrs

Introduction, targets, Agonist, antagonist, partial agonist. Receptors, Receptor types, Theories of
Drug – receptor interaction, Drug synergism, Drug resistance, physicochemical factors
influencing drug action.

Unit II: Antibiotics 15 hrs

Introduction, Targets of antibiotics action, classification of antibiotics, enzyme-based mechanism
of action, SAR of penicllins and tetracyclins, clinical application of penicillins,
cephalosporin.Current trends in antibiotic therapy.

Unit III: Antihypertensive agents and diuretics 15 hrs

Classification of cardiovascular agents, introduction to hypertension, etiology, types,
classification of antihypertensive agents, classification and mechanism of action of diuretics,
Furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide, Amiloride.
Unit IV: Antineoplastic Agents and Psychoactive drugs 15 hrs
Introduction, cancer chemotherapy, special problems, role of alkylating agents and
antimetabolites in treatment of cancer
The chemotherapy of Mind:
Introduction, neutotransmitters, CNS depressants, general anaesthetics, mode of action of
hypnotics, sedatives, neurochemistry of mental diseases
Unit V:Analgesics, Antipyretics and Anti-inflammatory Drugs15 hrs
Introduction, Mechanism of inflammation, classification and mechanism of action and
paracetamol, Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, naproxen, indomethacin, phenylbutazone and meperidine.
Medicinal Chemistry of Antidiabetic Agents Introduction, Types of diabetics, Drugs used for the
treatment, chemical classification, Mechanism of action, Treatment of diabetic mellitus.
Chemistry of insulin, sulfonyl urea.
Text Books:
1. Wilson and Gisvold's textbook of organic medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry,
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004.
2. Wilson, Charles Owens: Beale, John Marlowe; Block, John H, Lipincott William, 12th
edition, 2011.
3. Graham L. Patrick, An Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry, 5th edition, Oxford
University Press, 2013. Jayashree Ghosh, A text book of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, S.
Chand and Co. Ltd, 1999, 1999 edn.
4. O. LeRoy, Natural and synthetic organic medicinal compounds, Ealemi, 1976.
5. S. Ashutosh Kar, Medicinal Chemistry, Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, 1993, New
edn.

References:
1. Foye’s Princles of Medicinal Chemistry, Lipincott Williams, Seventh Edition, 2012
2. Burger's Medicinal Chemistry, Drug Discovery and Development, Donald J. Abraham,
David P. Rotella, Alfred Burger, Academic press, 2010.
3. Wilson and Gisvold’s Textbook of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
John M. Beale Jr and John M. Block, Wolters Kluwer, 2011, 12th edn.
4. P. Parimoo, A Textbook of Medical Chemistry, New Delhi: CBS Publishers.1995.
5. S. Ramakrishnan, K. G. Prasannan and R. Rajan, Textbook of Medical Biochemistry,
Hyderabad: Orient Longman. 3rd edition, 2001.

Web Resources:

1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482447/
2. https://training.seer.cancer.gov/treatment/chemotherapy/types.html
3. https://www.classcentral.com/course/swayam-medicinal-chemistry-12908
Course Designers:
1. Dr. P. Prakash
2. Dr. R. Mahalakshmy
3. Dr. A. Tamil Selvi
4. Mrs. P. Rajam
5. Dr. J. Thirupathy

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.
1 Introduction to receptors

1.1 Introduction, targets, Agonist, antagonist, partial agonist. 4

1.2 Receptors, Receptor types, Theories of Drug – receptor interaction 4

Drug synergism, Drug resistance, physicochemical factors influencing
1.3 4
drug action.
Tutorial 3

2 Antibiotics

2.1 Introduction, Targets of antibiotics action, classification of antibiotics 4

Enzyme-based mechanism of action, SAR of penicllins and
2.2 4
tetracyclins
Clinical application of penicillins, cephalosporin.Current trends in
2.3 4
antibiotic therapy.
Tutorial 3

3 Antihypertensive agents and diuretics

3.1 Classification of cardiovascular agents 4

Introduction to hypertension, etiology, types, classification of
3.2 4
antihypertensive agents
Classification and mechanism of action of diuretics, Furosemide,
3.3 4
Hydrochlorothiazide, Amiloride.
Tutorial 3
Antineoplastic Agents and Psychoactive drugs
4
Introduction, cancer chemotherapy, special problems, role of alkylating
4.1 4
agents and antimetabolites in treatment of cancer
 The chemotherapy of Mind:
4.2 Introduction, neutotransmitters, CNS depressants, general anaesthetics, 4
mode of action of hypnotics, sedatives,
4.3 Neurochemistry of mental diseases 4

Tutorial 3

5 Analgesics, Antipyretics and Anti-inflammatory Drugs

Introduction, Mechanism of inflammation, classification and
5.1 mechanism of action and paracetamol, Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, 4
naproxen, indomethacin, phenylbutazone and meperidine.
Medicinal Chemistry of Antidiabetic Agents Introduction, Types of
5.2 4
diabetics, Drugs used for the treatment, chemical classification,
Mechanism of action, Treatment of diabetic mellitus. Chemistry of
5.3 4
insulin, sulfonyl urea.
Tutorial 3

Teaching methods

Lecture
Unit Topic Teaching Method
hrs.
Chalk and talk,
1 Introduction to receptors 15
Slides
Chalk and talk,
2 Antibiotics 15
Slides
Chalk and talk,
3 Antihypertensive agents and diuretics 15
Slides
Chalk and talk,
4 Antineoplastic Agents and Psychoactive drugs 15
Slides
Analgesics, Antipyretics and Anti-inflammatory Chalk and talk,
5 15
Drugs Slides
Total 75
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: PCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
PCH23ET21 Green chemistry(Option B) Elective-3 4 1 - 3

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext.Marks Total

I II 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims to provide knowledge
 To discuss the principles of green chemistry.
 To propose green solutions for chemical energy storage and conversion.
 Propose green solutions for industrial production of Petroleum and Petrochemicals.
 Propose solutions for pollution prevention in Industrial chemical and fuel
production, Automotive industry and Shipping industries.
 Propose green solutions for industrial production of Surfactants, Organic and inorganic
chemicals.

Prerequisite
Students with minimum knowledge on green chemistry and its principles

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
Recall the basic chemical techniques used in 85 82
CO1 conventional industrial preparations and in green
innovations.
Understand the various techniques used in chemical 80 80
CO2 industries and in laboratory.
Compare the advantages of organic reactions assisted by 80 78
CO3 renewable energy sources and non-renewable energy
sources.
Apply the principles of PTC, ionic liquid, microwave and 80 75
CO4 ultrasonic assisted organic synthesis.
Design and synthesize new organic compounds by green 78 75
CO5 methods.
Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

CO1 S S S S M S S

CO2 M S S S S M S

CO3 S S M S S S S

CO4 M S S S S M S

CO5 M S M S S M S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S S
CO2 S S S S S
CO3 S S S S S
CO4 S S S S S
CO5 S S S S S
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

CA End of Semester
Blooms Taxonomy First Second(Marks) (Marks)
(Marks)
Knowledge -K1 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Understand -K2 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Apply-K3 30% (18) 30% (18) 20% (30)
Analyze-K4 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Evaluate-K5 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Total Marks 60 60 150

Course title: Green chemistry

Unit I: 15 hrs
Introduction- Need for Green Chemistry. Goals of Green Chemistry. Limitations/ of Green
Chemistry. Chemical accidents, terminologies, International green chemistry organizations and
Twelve principles of Green Chemistry with examples.
Unit II: 15 hrs
Choice of starting materials, reagents, catalysts and solvents in detail, Green chemistry in day
today life. Designing green synthesis-green reagents: dimethyl carbonate. Green solvents:
Water,Ionic liquids-criteria, general methods of preparation, effect on organic reaction.
Supercritical carbon dioxide- properties, advantages, drawbacks and a few examples of organic
reactions in scCO2. Green synthesis-adipic acid and catechol.
Unit III: 15 hrs
Environmental pollution, Green Catalysis-Acid catalysts, Oxidation catalysts, Basic catalysts,
Polymer supported catalysts-Poly styrene aluminum chloride, polymeric super acid catalysts,
Poly supported photosensitizers.
Unit IV: 15 hrs
Phase transfer catalysis in green synthesis-oxidation using hydrogen peroxide, crown ethers-
esterification, saponification, anhydride formation, Elimination reaction, Displacement reaction.
Applications in organic synthesis.
Unit V: 15 hrs
Micro wave induced green synthesis-Introduction, Instrumentation, Principle and applications.
Sonochemistry – Instrumentation, Cavitation theory - Ultra sound assisted green synthesis and
Applications.

Text Books:
1. Ahluwalia, V.K. and Kidwai, M.R. New Trends in Green Chemistry, Anamalaya
Publishers, 2005.
2. W. L. McCabe, J.C. Smith and P. Harriott, Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering,
7thedition, McGraw-Hill, NewDelhi, 2005.
3. J. M. Swan and D. St. C. Black, Organometallics in Organic Synthesis, Chapman Hall,
1974.
4. V. K. Ahluwalia and R. Aggarwal, Organic Synthesis: Special Techniques, Narosa
Publishing House, New Delhi, 2001.
5. A. K. De, Environmental Chemistry, New Age Publications, 2017.

References:
1. Anastas, P.T. and Warner, J.K. Oxford Green Chemistry-Theory and Practical,
University Press, 1998
2. Matlack, A.S. Introduction to Green Chemistry, Marcel Dekker, 2001
3. Cann, M.C. and Connely, M.E. Real-World Cases in Green Chemistry, American
Chemical Society, Washington, 2000
4. Ryan, M.A. and Tinnesand, M., Introduction to Green Chemistry, American Chemical
Society Washington, 2002.
5. Chandrakanta Bandyopadhyay, An Insight into Green Chemistry, Books and Allied (P)
Ltd, 2019.

Web Resources:

1. https://www.organic-chemistry.org/
2. https://www.studyorgo.com/summary.php
Course Designers:
1. Dr. P. Prakash
2. Dr. R. Mahalakshmy
3. Dr. A. Tamil Selvi
4. Mrs. P. Rajam
5. Dr. J. Thirupathy

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.
1.1 Introduction-Need for Green Chemistry. 4
Goals of Green Chemistry. Limitations/ of Green Chemistry. Chemical
1.2 4
accidents, terminologies
International green chemistry organizations and Twelve principles of
1.3 4
Green Chemistry with examples.
Tutorial 3
Choice of starting materials, reagents, catalysts and solvents in detail,
2.1 Green chemistry in day today life. Designing green synthesis-green 4
reagents: dimethyl carbonate.
Green solvents: Water, Ionic liquids-criteria, general methods of
2.2 4
preparation, effect on organic reaction.
Supercritical carbon dioxide- properties, advantages, drawbacks and a
2.3 few examples of organic reactions in sc.CO2. Green synthesis-adipic 4
acid and catechol.
Tutorial 3
Environmental pollution, Green Catalysis-Acid catalysts, Oxidation
3.1 4
catalysts
Basic catalysts, Polymer supported catalysts-Poly styrene aluminum
3.2 4
chloride, polymeric super acid catalysts
3.3 Poly supported photosensitizers 4
Tutorial 3
4.1 Phase transfer catalysis in green synthesis 4
oxidation using hydrogen peroxide, crown ethers-esterification,
4.2 4
saponification, anhydride formation
Elimination reaction, Displacement reaction. Applications in organic
4.3 4
synthesis.
Tutorial 3
Micro wave induced green synthesis-Introduction, Instrumentation,
5.1 4
Principle and applications.
 5.2 Sonochemistry – Instrumentation, Cavitation theory 4

5.3 Ultra sound assisted green synthesis and Applications. 4

Tutorial 3

Teaching methods

Lecture
Unit Topic Teaching Method
hrs.
Chalk and talk,
1 Introduction 15
Slides
Choice of starting materials, reagents, catalysts and Chalk and talk,
2 15
solvents Slides
Chalk and talk,
3 Environmental pollution, Green Catalysis 15
Slides
Chalk and talk,
4 Phase transfer catalysis in green synthesis 15
Slides
Chalk and talk,
5 Micro wave induced green synthesis 15
Slides
Total 75
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: PCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code
Bioinorganic Chemistry
Elective-4 4 1 - 3
PCH23ET22 (Option A)

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext.Marks Total

I II 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims to provide knowledge
 To understand the role of trace elements.
 To understand the biological significance of iron, sulpur.
 To study the toxicity of metals in medicines.
 To have knowledge on diagnostic agents.
 To discuss on various metalloenzymes properties.

Prerequisite
Students with minimum knowledge on Bioinorganic chemistry at undergraduate level.

Course Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
CO1 Analyse trace elements. 80 75

CO2 Explain the biological redox systems. 85 80

CO3 Gain skill in analyzing the toxicity in metals. 80 78

CO4 Get experience in diagnosis. 80 75

Learn about the nitrogen fixation and photosynthetic 78 75

CO5 mechanism.

Mapping of COs with POs

 # PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7
S M M L S L M
CO1
S S M S S S M
CO2
S L M S S L M
CO3
S S M L M S M
CO4
S S M S M S M
CO5
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

S S M M S
CO1
S S M S S
CO2
S M M L S
CO3
S M L M S
CO4
S M M M S
CO5
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

CA End of Semester
Blooms Taxonomy First Second(Marks) (Marks)
(Marks)
Knowledge -K1 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Understand -K2 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Apply-K3 30% (18) 30% (18) 20% (30)
Analyze-K4 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Evaluate-K5 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Total Marks 60 60 150

Syllabus: Bio-Inorganic Chemistry

Unit I: Essential trace elements 15 hrs

Selective transport and storage of metal ions: Ferritin, Transferrin and sidorphores; Sodium and
potassium transport, Calcium signalling proteins. Metalloenzymes: Zinc enzymes–
carboxypeptidase and carbonic anhydrase. Iron enzymes–catalase, peroxidase. Copper enzymes
– superoxide dismutase, Plast ocyanin, Ceruloplasmin, Tyrosinase. Coenzymes - Vitamin-B12
coenzymes.
Unit II: Transport Proteins 15 hrs
Oxygen carriers -Hemoglobin and myoglobin - Structure and oxygenation Bohr Effect. Binding
of CO, NO, CN– to Myoglobin and Hemoglobin. Biological redox system: Cytochromes-
Classification, cytochrome a, b and c. Cytochrome P-450. Non-heme oxygen carriers-
Hemerythrin and hemocyanin. Iron-sulphur proteins- Rubredoxin and Ferredoxin- Structure and
classification.
Unit III: Nitrogen fixation 15 hrs
Introduction, types of nitrogen fixing microorganisms. Nitrogenase enzyme - Metal clusters in
nitrogenase- redox property - Dinitrogen complexes transition metal complexes of dinitrogen -
nitrogen fixation via nitride formation and reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia. Photosynthesis:
photosystem-I and photosystem-II-chlorophylls structure and function.
Unit IV: Metals in medicine 15 hrs
Metal Toxicity of Hg, Cd, Zn, Pb, As, Sb. Therapeutic Compounds: Vanadium-Based Diabetes
Drugs; Platinum-Containing Anticancer Agents.Chelation therapy; Cancer treatment. Diagnostic
Agents: Technetium Imaging Agents; Gadolinium MRI Imaging Agents. temperature and critical
magnetic Field.
Unit V: Enzymes 15 hrs
Introduction and properties - nomenclature and classification. Enzyme kinetics, free energy of
activation and the effects of catalysis. Michelis - Menton equation - Effect of pH, temperature on
enzyme reactions. Factors contributing to the efficiency of enzyme.

Text Books:
6. Williams, D.R. –Introdution to Bioinorganic chemistry.
7. F.M. Fiabre and D.R. Williams– The Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry,RoyolSoceity
of Chemistry, Monograph for Teachers-31
8. K.F. Purcell and Kotz, Inorganic chemistry, WB Saunders Co., USA.
9. G.N. Mugherjea and Arabinda Das, Elements of Bioinorganic Chemistry - 1993.
10. R. Gopalan, V. Ramalingam, Concise Coordination Chemistry,
S. Chand, 2001.

References:
1. M.Satake and Y.Mido, Bioinorganic Chemistry- Discovery Publishing House, New Delhi
(1996)
2. M.N. Hughes, 1982, The Inorganic Chemistry of Biological processes, II Edition, Wiley
London.
3. R. W. Hay, Bio Inorganic Chemistry, Ellis Horwood, 1987.
4. R. M. Roat-Malone, Bio Inorganic Chemistry, John Wiley, 2002.
5. T. M. Loehr, Iron carriers and Iron proteins, VCH, 1989.
Web Resources:

1. https://www.pdfdrive.com/instant-notes-in-inorganic-chemistry-the-instant-notes-chemistry-
series-d162097454.html
2. https://www.pdfdrive.com/shriver-and-atkins-inorganic-chemistry-5th-edition-
d161563417.html

Course Designers:

1. Dr. A. Elangovan
2. Dr. D. S. Bhuvaneshwari
3. Dr. K. Selvakumar
4. Dr. S. Pitchaimuthu
5. Dr. N. Sudhan

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic
hrs.
1 Essential trace elements

Selective transport and storage of metal ions: Ferritin, Transferrin and

1.1 5
sidorphores; Sodium and potassium transport, Calcium signalling
proteins.
Metalloenzymes: Zinc enzymes–carboxypeptidase and carbonic
1.2 3
anhydrase.
Iron enzymes–catalase, peroxidase. Copper enzymes – superoxide
1.3 dismutase, Plast ocyanin, Ceruloplasmin, Tyrosinase. Coenzymes - 4
Vitamin-B12 coenzymes.
Tutorial 3

2 Transport Proteins

Oxygen carriers -Hemoglobin and myoglobin - Structure and

2.1 4
oxygenation. Bohr Effect. Binding of CO, NO, CN– to Myoglobin and
Hemoglobin.
Biological redox system: Cytochromes-Classification, cytochrome a, b
2.2 and c. Cytochrome P-450. Non-heme oxygen carriers-Hemerythrin and 4
hemocyanin.
Iron-sulphur proteins- Rubredoxin and Ferredoxin- Structure and
2.3 4
classification.
 Tutorial 3

3 Nitrogen fixation

3.1 Introduction, types of nitrogen fixing microorganisms. Nitrogenase 4

enzyme - Metal clusters in nitrogenase- redox property
Dinitrogen complexes transition metal complexes of dinitrogen -
3.2 nitrogen fixation via nitride formation and reduction of dinitrogen to 4
ammonia.
Photosynthesis: photosystem-I and photosystem-II-chlorophylls
3.3 4
structure and function.
Tutorial 3
4 Metals in medicine

4.1 Metal Toxicity of Hg, Cd, Zn, Pb, As, Sb. Therapeutic Compounds: 4
Vanadium-Based Diabetes Drugs
Platinum-Containing Anticancer Agents.Chelation therapy; Cancer
4.2 4
treatment.
Diagnostic Agents: Technetium Imaging Agents; Gadolinium MRI
4.3 4
Imaging Agents. Temperature and critical magnetic Field.

Tutorial 3

5 Enzymes

5.1 Introduction and properties -nomenclature and classification. 3

5.2 Enzyme kinetics, free energy of activation and the effects of catalysis. 4
Michelis - Menton equation - Effect of pH, temperature on enzyme
5.3 5
reactions. Factors contributing to the efficiency of enzyme.
Tutorial 3

Teaching methods

Lecture
Unit Topic Teaching Method
hrs.
1 Essential trace elements 15 BB & PPT
2 Transport Proteins 15 BB & PPT
3 Nitrogen fixation 15 BB & PPT
4 Metals in medicine 15 BB & PPT
5 Enzymes 15 BB & PPT
Total 75
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programme code: PCH

Course
Course Title Category L T P Credit
Code

PCH23ET22 Material Science (Option B) Elective-4 4 1 - 3

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext.Marks Total

I II 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims to provide knowledge
 To understand the crystal structure, growth methods and X-ray scattering.
 To explain the optical, dielectric and diffusion properties of crystals.
 To recognize the basis of semiconductors, superconductivity materials and magnets.
 To study the synthesis, classification and applications of nanomaterials.
 To learn about the importance of materials used for renewable energy conversion.

Prerequisite
Students with basic knowledge on material synthesis and characterization.

Outcomes
On completion of the course students will be able to

Expected Expected
# Course Outcome
Proficiency attainment
Understand and recall the synthesis and characteristics of 80 75
crystal structures, semiconductors, magnets, nanomaterials
CO1
and renewable energy materials.

Integrate and assess the structure of different materials and 80 75

CO2 their properties.

Analyse and identify new materials for energy applications. 75 73

CO3
Explain the importance of crystal structures, piezoelectric 75 75
and pyroelectric materials, nanomaterials, hard and soft
CO4 magnets, superconductors, solar cells, electrodes, LED
uses, structures and synthesis.
 To design and develop new materials with improved 78 75
CO5 property for energy applications.

Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

S S S S M S M
CO1
M S S S S M M
CO2
S S M S S S M
CO3
M S S S S M M
CO4
M S M S S M M
CO5
S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

S S M S S
CO1
S S S S S
CO2
S M S S S
CO3
S S M S S
CO4
S S M S S
CO5

Blooms taxonomy: Assessment Pattern

CA End of Semester
Blooms Taxonomy First Second(Marks) (Marks)
(Marks)
Knowledge -K1 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Understand -K2 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Apply-K3 30% (18) 30% (18) 20% (30)
Analyze-K4 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Evaluate-K5 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Total Marks 60 60 150
Course title: Material Science

UNIT-I: Crystallography 15 hrs

Symmetry - unit cell and Miller indices -crystal systems - Bravais lattices - point groups and
space groups - X-ray diffraction-Laue equations-Bragg's law-reciprocal lattice and its application
to geometrical crystallography. Crystal structure–powder and single crystal applications.
Electron charge density maps, neutron diffraction-method and applications.
Unit II: Crystal growth methods 15 hrs
Nucleation–equilibrium stability and metastable state. Single crystal –Low and high temperature,
solution growth– Gel and sol-gel. Crystal growthmethods-nucleation–equilibrium
stabilityandmetastablestate.Singlecrystal–Lowandhightemperature, solution growth– Gel and
sol-gel. Melt growth - Bridgeman-
Stockbarger,Czochralskimethods.Fluxtechnique,physicalandchemical vapourtransport. Lorentz
and polarization factor - primary and secondary extinctions.
Unit III: Properties of crystals 15 hrs
Optical studies - Electromagnetic spectrum (qualitative) refractive index – reflectance –
transparency, translucency and opacity. Types of luminescence – photo-, electro-, and injection
luminescence, LEDs – organic, Inorganic and polymer LED materials - Applications. Dielectric
studies- Polarisation - electronic, ionic, orientation, and space charge polarisation. Effect of
temperature. dielectric constant, dielectric loss. Types of dielectric breakdown–intrinsic, thermal,
discharge, electrochemical and defect breakdown.
Unit IV: Special Materials (15 hrs)
Superconductivity: Meissner effect, Critical temperature and critical magnetic Field, Type I and
II superconductors, BCS theory-Cooper pair, Applications. Soft and hard magnets – Domain
theory Hysteresis Loop-Applications. Magneto and gian magneto resistance. Ferro, ferri and
antiferromagnetic materials-applications, magnetic parameters for recording applications. Ferro-,
Piezo-, and pyro electric materials – properties and applications. Shape memory Alloys-
characteristics and applications, Non-linear optics-Second Harmonic Generators, mixing of
Laser wavelengths by quartz, ruby and LiNbO3.
Unit V: Materials for Renewable Energy Conversion (15 hrs)
Solar Cells: Organic, bilayer, bulk heterojunction, polymer, perovskite based. Solar energy
conversion: lamellar solids and thin films, dye-sensitized photo voltaic cells, coordination
compounds anchored onto semiconductor surfaces - Ru(II) and Os(II) polypyridyl complexes.
Photochemical activation and splitting of water, CO2 and N2. Manganese based photo systems
for water-splitting. Complexes of Rh, Ru, Pd and Pt - photochemical generation of hydrogen
from alcohol.
Text Books:
1. S. Mohan and V. Arjunan, Principles of Materials Science, MJP Publishers, 2016.

2. Arumugam, Materials Science, Anuradha Publications, 2007.

3. Giacavazzo et. al., Fundamentals of Crystallography, International Union of Crystallography.

Oxford Science Publications, 2010

4. Woolfson, An Introduction to Crystallography, Cambridge University Press, 2012.

5. James F. Shackelford and Madanapalli K. Muralidhara, Introduction to Materials Science for

Engineers. 6th ed., PEARSON Press, 2007.

References:
1. M.G. Arora, Solid State Chemistry, Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 2001.
2. R.K. Puri and V.K. Babbar, Solid State Physics, S Chand and Company Ltd, 2001.
3.. C. Kittel, Solid State Physics, John-Wiley and sons, NY, 1966.
4. H.P. Meyers, Introductory Solid State Physics, Viva Books Private Limited, 1998.
5. A.R. West, Solid State Chemistry and Applications, John-Wiley and sons, 1987.

Web Resources:

1. http://xrayweb.chem.ou.edu/notes/symmetry.html.
2. http://www.uptti.ac.in/classroom-content/data/unit%20cell.pdf.
3. https://bit.ly/3QyVg2R

Course Designers:

1. Dr. A. Elangovan
2. Dr. D. S. Bhuvaneshwari
3. Dr. K. Selvakumar
4. Dr. S. Pitchaimuthu
5. Dr. N. Sudhan

Course Contents and lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic hrs.
Symmetry - unit cell and Miller indices -crystal systems - Bravais
1.1 4
lattices - point groups and space groups
X-ray diffraction-Laue equations-Bragg's law-reciprocal lattice and its
1.2 4
application to geometrical crystallography.
Crystal structure–powder and single crystal applications. Electron
1.3 4
charge density maps, neutron diffraction-method and applications.
 Tutorial 3
Nucleation–equilibrium stability and metastable state. Single crystal –
2.1 4
Low and high temperature, solution growth– Gel and sol-gel.
Crystal growthmethods-nucleation–equilibrium
2.2 stabilityandmetastablestate.Singlecrystal–Lowandhightemperature, 4
solution growth– Gel and sol-gel.
Melt growth - Bridgeman-
Stockbarger,Czochralskimethods.Fluxtechnique,physicalandchemical
2.3 5
vapourtransport. Lorentz and polarization factor - primary and
secondary extinctions.
Tutorial 2
Optical studies - Electromagnetic spectrum (qualitative) refractive
3.1 3
index – reflectance – transparency, translucency and opacity.
Types of luminescence – photo-, electro-, and injection luminescence,
3.2 4
LEDs – organic, Inorganic and polymer LED materials - Applications.
Dielectric studies- Polarisation - electronic, ionic, orientation, and
space charge polarisation. Effect of temperature. dielectric constant,
3.3 6
dielectric loss. Types of dielectric breakdown–intrinsic, thermal,
discharge, electrochemical and defect breakdown.
Tutorial 2
Superconductivity: Meissner effect, Critical temperature and critical
4.1 magnetic Field, Type I and II superconductors, BCS theory-Cooper 4
pair, Applications.
Soft and hard magnets – Domain theory Hysteresis Loop-Applications.
Magneto and gian magneto resistance. Ferro, ferri and
4.2 antiferromagnetic materials-applications, magnetic parameters for 5
recording applications. Ferro-, Piezo-, and pyro electric materials –
properties and applications.
Shape memory Alloys-characteristics and applications, Non-linear
4.3 optics-Second Harmonic Generators, mixing of Laser wavelengths by 4
quartz, ruby and LiNbO3.
Tutorial 3
Solar Cells: Organic, bilayer, bulk heterojunction, polymer, perovskite
based. Solar energy conversion: lamellar solids and thin films, dye-
5.1 6
sensitized photo voltaic cells, coordination compounds anchored onto
semiconductor surfaces - Ru(II) and Os(II) polypyridyl complexes.

5.2 Photochemical activation and splitting of water, CO2 and N2. 4

 Manganese based photo systems for water-splitting.

Complexes of Rh, Ru, Pd and Pt - photochemical generation of

5.3 3
hydrogen from alcohol.
Tutorial 3

Lecture Schedule

Lecture
Unit Topic Teaching Method
hrs.
1 Crystallography 15 Models & PPT
2 Crystal growth methods 15 BB & PPT
3 Properties of crystals 15 BB & PPT
4 Special Materials 15 BB & PPT
5 Materials for Renewable Energy Conversion 15 BB & PPT
Total 75
 Thiagarajar College(Autonomous), Madurai – 625 009
(Re-Accredited with A++ Grade by NAAC)
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc., Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programming Code: PCH

Course Code Course title Category L T P Credit

PCH23ST21 Research tools and SEC-2 3 - - 2
techniques

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I II 25 75 100

Preamble
The course explains the importance of research tools and techniques which used in research
related problems in chemistry.
Prerequisite
Students with basic knowledge on computer.
Course Outcomes
On the completion of the course the student will be able to
# Course Outcome Expected Expected
Proficiency attainment

CO1 Understand the concept of research and research 75% 75%

methodology Research and Publication Ethics: Patent,
Copyright and Plagiarism
CO2 Do systematic literature review and Scientific journal Finder 75% 75%

CO3 Type equations and make a scientific report using LATEX 75% 75%
CO4 Learn about referencing tools, plagiarism identifying tools 75% 75%

CO5 Understand the instrumentation techniques used in chemistry 75% 75%

research

Mapping of COs and POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

CO1 S S S S S S S
CO2 M S S S M S S
CO3 S S S M S S S
CO4 S S S S S S S
CO5 S M S S S S S
 S – Strong, M – Medium, L – Low

Mapping of COs and PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S M

CO2 S M S S S

CO3 S S M S S

CO4 S S S M S

CO5 S S S M S

S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Bloom’s Taxonomy and assessment pattern

CA End of Semester
Blooms Taxonomy First Second(Marks) (Marks)
(Marks)
Knowledge -K1 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Understand -K2 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Apply-K3 30% (18) 30% (18) 20% (30)
Analyze-K4 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Evaluate-K5 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Total Marks 60 60 150

Course title: Research Tools and Techniques 45 hrs

UNIT- I: Research and Research Methodology 9 hrs

Definition and purpose of research - goals of scientific research - types of research – Difference
between qualitative and quantitative research. Types of research methodology. Research -
Publication ethics: Copy right, Patent, Plagiarism.
UNIT – II: Systematic Literature Review 9 hrs
Searching the chemical literature - primary sources & secondary sources of literature survey -
Scientific journal finder- Chemical abstracts online. Difference between research article and
research review.
UNIT – III: LATEX in Report Making 9 hrs
Introduction to Latex- Typing chemical equations using LATEX (Schrodinger Equation, Cell
constant, Arrhenius Equation, first order rate equation, Molar Conductance, Equivalent
Conductance). Making a scientific report using Latex.
UNIT – IV: Referencing Tools and Plagiarism tools 9 hrs

Thesis layout – appendices - use of appendix and its format - presenting a scientific seminar -
Referencing in documents – Referencing tools- Plagiarism identifying tools.
UNIT – V: Instrumentation techniques in chemistry research 9 hrs
Principle, instrumentation and applications: Flame Emission spectroscopy - Atomic absorption
spectroscopy (AAS), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), HPLC, GC-MS and Electro analytical
Techniques (CV, DPV, LSV, EIS, Amperometry) – Spectro fluorimetry.

Text Books
1. Research Methodology for Scientific Research, K. Prathapan, 2019.
2. D.A. Skoog, D.M. West & F.J. Holler, Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, VII Edn.,
Saunders College Publishing, New York, 1996.
3. Hobart H. Willard, Lynne L. Merritt,Jr., John A. Dean, Frank A. Settle, Jr, Instrumental
Methods of Analysis, VII edition, CBS publishers and distributors, New Delhi, 1986.
4. F.A. Settle Handbook of Instrumental techniques for analytical chemistry, Editor –
prentice Hall Inc. 1997.

Reference Books
1. Kaur, Instrumental Methods of Chemical analysis. 8. Willam Kemp, Organic
Spectroscopy, Palgrave, 3rdedition, 1991.
2. R.M. Silverstein, G.C. Bassler & T.C. Morril, Spectrometric Identification of Organic
Compounds, John Wiley & Sons, V Edn., New York, 2001.
3. R.S Drago, Physical Methods in Chemistry, Saunders College Publishing, Philadelphia,
1977.
4. J. Anderson, B.H. Durston and M. Poole, Thesis and Assignment Writing, Wiley Eastern
Ltd., New Delhi, 1997.
5. F. Abdul Rahim - Thesis Writing - A Manual Researcher, New age International Ltd.,
New Delhi, 1996.
Course Designers
1. Dr. M. Sathiya

Course contents and lecture schedule

Unit TOPIC No. of

lecture hrs

1 Research and Research Methodology

1.1 Definition and purpose of research - goals of scientific research 2
1.2 Types of research – Difference between qualitative and quantitative 2
 research
1.3 Types of research methodology. 2
1.4 Research -Publication ethics: Copy right, Patent, Plagiarism 3
2 Systematic Literature Review
2.1 Searching the chemical literature 2
2.2 primary sources & secondary sources of literature survey 2
2.3 Scientific journal finder- Chemical abstracts online. 3
2.4 Difference between research article and research review. 2
UNIT – III
LATEX in Report Making
3.1 Introduction to Latex 2
3.2 - Typing chemical equations using LATEX (Schrodinger Equation, Cell 4
constant, Arrhenius Equation, first order rate equation, Molar
Conductance, Equivalent Conductance).
3.3 Making a scientific report using Latex 3
UNIT – IV
Referencing Tools and Plagiarism tools
4.1 Thesis layout – appendices - use of appendix and its format - 2
4.2 presenting a scientific seminar - Referencing in documents – Referencing 4
tools
4.3 Plagiarism identifying tools. 3
UNIT – V
Instrumentation techniques in chemistry research
5.1 Principle, instrumentation and applications: Flame Emission spectroscopy 3
- Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS),
5.2 Inductively coupled plasma (ICP), HPLC, GC-MS 3
5.3 Electro analytical Techniques (CV, DPV, LSV, EIS, Amperometry) – 3
Spectro fluorimetry.
 Thiagarajar College(Autonomous), Madurai – 625 009
(Re-Accredited with A++ Grade by NAAC)
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc., Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Programming Code: PCH

Course Code Course title Category L T P Credit

PCH23AT21 ICT tools in chemistry – AECC- 2 2 - - 2
Lab

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I II 25 75 100

Preamble
This lab course enables the students to build, optimize and to interpret the molecules.
Prerequisite
Students with basic knowledge on handling computer.
Course Outcomes
On the completion of the course the student will be able to
# Course Outcome Expected Expected
Proficiency attainment

CO1 Build molecules and optimize its geometry 85% 85%

CO2 Convert the molecules into various file formats 85% 80%

CO3 Conformational analysis in chem3D 80% 75%

CO4 Interpret the HOMO/LUMO of the molecule 80% 75%

CO5 Visualizing the various 3D structures of biomolecules 75% 75%

Mapping of COs and POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

CO1 S S S S S S S
CO2 M S S S M S S
CO3 S S S M S S S
CO4 S S S S S S S
CO5 S M S S S S S
S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low
Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S M

CO2 S M S S S

CO3 S S M S S

CO4 S S S M S

CO5 S S S M S

S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Bloom’s Taxonomy and assessment pattern

CA End of Semester
Blooms Taxonomy First Second(Marks) (Marks)
(Marks)
Knowledge -K1 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Understand -K2 15% (9) 15% (9) 20% (30)
Apply-K3 30% (18) 30% (18) 20% (30)
Analyze-K4 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Evaluate-K5 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (30)
Total Marks 60 60 150

Course title: ICT tools in Chemistry - Lab 30 hrs

1. Construction of molecules in MarvinSketch, ChemSketch and Chem Draw online,
Raxsyssoftware
2. Converting the molecules into different file
3. Energy Optimization in Chem3D
4. Conformational analysis in chem3D Molecular dynamics in chem3D
5. Interpreting HOMO and LUMO orbitals using chem3D
6. Visualizing biomolecules using Rasmol
7. Identifying various 3D strctures, active site using rasmol
8. Generating plots and graphs using Matlab
9. Visualizing molecules in Avogadro and UCSF chimera.
10. Selection and coloring of various atoms in drug molecules using rasmol.

Text Books
1. ChemDraw – User’s guide, 2016, Perkin Elmer Informatics Inc., USA
2. Chem3D – User’s guide, 2016, Perkin Elmer Informatics Inc., USA
3. Rasmol Manual
 4. Matlab Manual
5. Avogadro Manual and Chimera Manual
Course Designers
1. Dr. M. Sathiya
VALUE ADDED COURSES
UG: Certificate Course
PG: Diploma course
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined B.Sc. Chemistry on or after June 2023)

Course Course title Category L T P Credit

Code
CC1 Processing of Consumer Certificate - - 4 4
Products – Lab course
(Value added
course)

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I I&II 25 75 100

Preamble
This course aims at familiarizing the preparation of consumer products which are used in daily
life.
Course Outcomes
On the completion of the course the student will be able to
# Course Outcome Expected Expected
Proficiency attainment
CO1 Identify the various ingredients present in the 85% 85%
consumer products.
CO2 Gain theoretical knowledge on the preparation of 80% 75%
consumer products.
CO3 Prepare consumer products like detergent powder, 80% 75%
cleaning powder, tooth powder, etc., on their own.

CO4 Prepare consumer cum cosmetic products like Kaajal, 80% 75%
Moisturizer, Lipsticks, etc., on their own.

CO5 Become an entrepreneur in making consumer products 80% 75%

Mapping of COs and POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6

CO1 S S S S S S
CO2 M S S S M S
CO3 S S S M S S
CO4 S S S S S S
 CO5 S M S S S S
S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Mapping of COs and PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S S S M

CO2 S M S S S

CO3 S S M S S

CO4 S S S M S

CO5 S S S M S

S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Course title:Preparation of Consumer Products - Lab

The following Consumer Products will be prepared at Lab.
1. Instant Dhoop
2. Pain Balm
3. Detergent Powder /Liquid
4. Face Powder
5. Candles
6. Chalk
7. Cleaning Powder
8. Soap oil
9. Tooth Powder
10. Phenoyl
11. Shampoo
12. Lips Sticks
13. Kaajal
14. Moisturizer
15. Sanitizer
Text Books
1. Poucher, W.A. Perfumes, Cosmetics and soaps, Vol. III, Modern Cosmetics;
2. Simons, J.V. Chemistry and the beauty business.
3. B.K.Sharma, Industrial Chemistry, Goel publishing House, Meerut, 2003, New Delhi.
Reference Books
1. R.V.Shreve, Industrial Chemical Process, Tata McGraw Hill publishing company, 2005,
Mumbai. 2. Mohan Malhotra, Latest Cottage Industries, 20th Edition Edn, Vishal
publishers, 1980, Meerut
Course Designers
1. Dr. D. S. Bhuvaneshwari
2. Dr. M. Sathiya
 Thiagarajar College (Autonomous) :: Madurai – 625 009
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Course Code Course title Category L T P Credit
DC1 Molecular Modeling & Diploma 2 - - 2
Spectroscopy (Value added
course)

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I I & II 25 75 100

Preamble

This course enables the students to acquire knowledge on spectral techniques, QSAR studies
and molocular modeling.

Prerequisites

Minimum knowledge on principle and application of analytical and technical tools.

Course Outcomes

On the completion of the course the student will be able to

# Course Outcome Expected Expected
Proficiency attainment
CO1 Interpret IR spectral data. 85 80
CO2 Analyze UV-Visible spectroscopic data. 85 80
CO3 Make use of the basic principles of Fluorescence 80 78
Spectroscopy.
CO4 Apply the QSAR relationship to identify the lead 80 75
compounds as drug.
CO5 Draw the chemical structures, examin the theory of 80 75
computational chemistry and calculate the energy
minimization using the chemdraw software.
Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

CO1 S S M S S S S
CO2 S S M S S S S
CO3 M S L M S S S
CO4 S S M M S S S
CO5 S S M M S S S

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S M S S
CO2 S S M S S
CO3 M S L M S
CO4 S S M M S
CO5 S S M M S
S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Bloom’s Taxonomy and assessment pattern

Blooms CA End of
Taxanomy First (Marks) Second(Marks) Semester
(Marks)
Knowledge -K1 15% (9) 15% (9) 15% (20)
Understand -K2 15% (9) 15% (9) 15% (20)
Apply-K3 30% (18) 30% ( 18) 30% (40)
Analyze-K4 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (25)
Evaluate-K5 20% ( 12) 20% ( 12) 20% (25)
Total Marks 60 60 130

Course title:Molecular Modeling & Spectroscopy

Unit I: FTIR spectroscopy 6 Hrs
 FTIR- BasicPrinciple- Selection Rules-Instrumentation. Applications-Interpretation of
FT-IR spectra of organic and Inorganic samples.
Unit II: UV-Visible spectroscopy 6 Hrs
Basic Principle-Selection Rules-Instrumentation, splitting of spectral terms-Orgel
diagram, Evaluation of 10Dq. Evaluation of 10Dq and β values, Determination of unknown
concentration of Ni2+, Cu2+ and Fe2+.
Unit III: Fluorescence spectroscopy 6 Hrs
Basic theory, principle, instrumentation and applications. Study of selected fluorescence
molecule.
Unit IV: QSAR Studies 6 Hrs
QSAR- Partition coefficient, hydrophobicity constant, Hammet substituent constant, Taft
steric factor, Hunsch equation, Craig plot, Topliss scheme, QSAR studies of comparing,
identifying suitable organic lead compoundsas drug using softwares like Alchemy/Hyper Chem.

Unit V: Molecular modeling and Docking Studies 6 Hrs

Structure drawing, visualization and energy minimization of simple molecule using
Chem Office, Rasmol. Docking of organic molecule, drugs in relevant enzyme or protein using
Hex software.

Text Books:
1. C.M.Banwell, 2005, Introduction of Molecular Spectroscopy, IV Ed., TMH Company Ltd.
2. B.P.Straughan and S.Walkar, 1976, Spectroscopy, Vol.I, II and III, Chapman and Hill, UK.
3. R.S.Drago, 1999, Physical methods in chemistry, Saunders collge publishing, New Delhi.
4.Nakamato, Kazuo, Paul J.Macartry, 1986, Spectroscopy and structure of metal chelate
Compounds, IV Ed, John Wiley and sons, Inc., New York .
5 .B.K.Sharma, 1993, Instrumental method of chemical Analysis, GOEL publishing house,
12th Reprint, New Delhi.
6. W. Kemp, 1994, Organic spectroscopy, 4th Ed, ELBS, UK.
7. Y.R. Sharma, 1991, Elementry organic Absorption spectroscopy, S. Chand & Co.,
New Delhi.

Reference Books:
1 .R.M.Silverstein, G.C.Bassler and T.C. Morrill, 2005, Spectrometric Identification of
th
Organic Compounds 6 Ed, John Wiley, New York.
2. M.I. Gangwal, 2007, Medical Chemistry Lectures on Drug Design and Synthetic
Drugs, Student publishing house.
3. Chem Office, Rasmol, and Hex-docking: Hand book prepared in the Department.
Course Designer
1. Dr. A. Elangovan
2. Dr. A. Tamil Selvi
3. Dr. T. Arumuganathan
4. Dr. S. Sathiya

Course contents and lecture schedule

Unit Topic No. of
lecture hrs

I FTIR spectroscopy

1.1 FTIR - Basic Principle - Selection Rules 1

1.2 Instrumentation. Applications 3

1.3 Interpretation of FT-IR spectra of organic and Inorganic 2

samples

II UV-Visible spectroscopy

2.1 Basic Principle - Selection Rules 1

2.2 Instrumentation, splitting of spectral terms 1

2.3 Orgel diagram, Evaluation of 10Dq. Evaluation of 10Dq and β 2

values,

2.4 Determination of unknown concentration of Ni2+, Cu2+ and Fe2+. 2

III Fluorescence spectroscopy

3.1 Basic theory, principle, instrumentation and applications. 4

3.2 Study of selected fluorescence molecule. 2

IV QSAR Studies

4.1 QSAR-Partition coefficient, hydrophobicity constant, Hammet 4

substituent constant, Taft steric factor, Hunsch equation, Craig
plot, Topliss scheme, QSAR studies of comparing

4.2 Identifying suitable organic lead compoundsas drug using 2

softwares like Alchemy/Hyper Chem.
V Molecular modeling and Docking Studies

5.1 Structure drawing, visualization and energy minimization of 4

simple molecule using Chem Office, Rasmol.

5.2 Docking of organic molecule, drugs in relevant enzyme or protein 2

using Hex software.
 THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE (Autonomous), MADURAI-625 009
(Re-Accredited with ‘A’ Grade by NAAC)
Department of Chemistry
(For those joined M.Sc Chemistry on or after June 2023)
Course Code Course title Category L T P Credit
DCL1 Spectroscopic Analysis Diploma 2 - - 2
& Software Utility-Lab (Value added
course)

Year Semester Int. Marks Ext. Marks Total

I I & II 25 75 100

Preamble

This course enables the students to acquire knowledge on recording and interpretation of spectral
data, software usage for chemical structure drawing, QSAR and molocular modeling
Studies.

Prerequisite
Minimum knowledge on spectroscopy and handling computer at undergraduate level.
Course Outcomes

On the completion of the course the student will be able to

# Course Outcome Expected Expected
Proficiency attainment
CO1 Record and interpret IR spectra. 80 75
CO2 Determine the concentration of metal ions using UV- 85 80
Visible spectroscopic techniques.
CO3 Record and interpret fluorescence spectra. 80 78
CO4 Use chem softwares for chemical structure drawing and 85 83
QSAR studies.
CO5 Use chem softwares for molecular modeling and docking 85 80
studies.

Mapping of COs with POs

# PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7

CO1 S S M S S M S
CO2 S S M M S M S
 CO3 M S M S S M S

CO4 M S S S S M S

CO5 M S S S S M S

S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Mapping of COs with PSOs

# PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

CO1 S S M S S

CO2 S S M M S

CO3 M S M S S

CO4 M S S S S

CO5 M S S S S

S-Strong; M-Medium; L-Low

Course title: Spectroscopic Analysis & Software Utility-Lab

1. FT-IR spectroscopy 6 Hrs

FT-IR spectral recording of organic and inorganic samples and their interpretation.
2. UV-Visible spectroscopy 6 Hrs
2+ 2+ 2+
Determination of unknown concentration of Ni , Cu and Fe complexes
3. Fluorescence spectroscopy 6 Hrs
Spectral Recording and Study of selected fluorescence molecule and their interpretation
4. QSAR Studies 6 Hrs
Drawing of some organic molecules using Chem office. File conversion using Open
BABEl. QSAR Studies using Alchemy/Hyper Chem softwares.
5. Molecular modeling and Docking Studies 6 Hrs
Structure drawing, visualization and energy minimization of simple molecule using
Chem Office, Rasmol. Docking of organic molecule, drugs in relevant enzyme or protein
using Hex software.
Course Designer
1. Dr. A. Elangovan
2. Dr. A. Tamil Selvi
3. Dr. T. Arumuganathan
4. Dr. M. Sathiya