Dsse 18CV61 Notes

DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS
(18CV61)
MODULE 01 – CHAPTER 01
INTRODUCTION
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(18CV61)
MODULE 2
DESIGN OF WELDED
CONNECTIONS
DSSE
MODULE 02 - WELDED CONNECTIONS

Welding is a method of connecting between two
pieces of metal by heating to a plastic or fluid state
(with or without pressure), so that fusion occurs.
Welding is the most efficient and direct way of
connecting the metal pieces. Over many decades,
different welding techniques have been developed
to join metals.
Welding is generally performed by either electric or
gas. Most of the welding is done using electric
supply. Through gas welding is relatively cheaper, it
is a slow process. Hence this method is generally
used for repair and maintenance purpose.
Welding Process :
✓ In the most common processes of welding
structural steel, electric energy is used as the
heat source.
✓ Electric welding involves passing either direct or
alternate current through on electrode.
✓ By holding the electrode at a very short distance
from the base metal which is connected to one
side of the circuit, an arc forms as the circuit is
essentially shorted.
✓ With this shorting of the circuit, a very large
current flow takes place which melts the
BGSIT, electrodes
CIVIL DEPT tip ( at the arc) and the base metal . 2
✓ A temperature of 3300- 5000 degree Celsius is
produced in the arc.
✓ The electrons flow making the circuit carries the
molten electrode metal to the base metal to build
up the joint.
✓ The parameters that control the quality of weld
are the electrode size and the current that
produces sufficient heat to melt the base metal.
✓ The different processes of arc welding that are
used in structural steel applications are as
follows
i. Shielded metal arc welding
ii. Submerged arc welding
iii. Gas shielded metal arc welding
iv. Flux core arc welding
v. Electro slag welding
vi.
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT
Stud welding 3
DSSE
ADVANTAGES OF WELDING:
1. Drilling of holes are eliminated
2. Welding joints are air tight and water tight
3. Welded connection gives good aesthetic
appearance
4. It is possible to achieve 100% efficiency in the
joint where as in bolted connection it reaches
maximum of 70 – 80%
5. Noise produced in welded process is relatively
less
6. Any shape can be connected
7. Tubular sections can be connected
8. A truly continuous structure can be made
9. Alterations in connections can be made in the
design of welded connections.
ADVANTAGES OF WELDING
1. Welding requires skilled labours
2. Costly equipment is required
3. Welded joints are over rigid
4. Proper welding in field condition is difficult
5. Inspection of welded connection is difficult
6. Continuous power supply is required
7. Brittle failure is more in welded connections
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 4

DSSE
TYPES OF WELDED JOINTS:

There are three types of welded joints
1) Butt Weld
It is also known as groove weld. Depending
upon the shape of groove made for welding
butt welds are classified as follows
➢ Square butt weld on one side
➢ Square butt weld on both side
➢ Single butt weld
➢ Double V-butt weld
➢ Single J-butt weld
➢ Single dowel butt weld
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 5

DSSE
2) Fillet Weld:
❑ It is a weld of approximately triangular cross
section joining two surfaces at right angles to
each other in lap joint or T-joint or corner joint
as shown in figure.
❑ When the cross section of the fillet weld is
isosceles triangle , it is known as standard fillet
weld,. In special circumstances 60 degree or 30
degree are also used.
❑ A fillet weld is also known as concave fillet
weld/convex fillet weld depending upon the
shape of the weld shape as shown in figure
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 6

DSSE
3) Slot Weld and Plug Weld

In slot type of weld a plate with circular hole Is
kept on another plate to be joined and then fillet
welding is made along the circumference of the
hole.
In plug weld small holes are made in one plate
and kept over another plate to be connected and
the entire hole is filled with filler material
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 7

DSSE
WELD SPECIFICATIONS [Page No.: 78 IS 800 – 2007]

1. Minimum size of the Weld = 3mm
2. Maximum size of the Weld = S = (t’ – 1.5mm gap)
S = t’-1.5 mm gap
3. Length of weld should be greater than width of

plate.
4. End return length of weld = 25mm
5. For intermittent length = 45 or 40 mm
6. Lap length = 4 * plate thickness or 40 mm
7. Strength of the fillet weld
= 0.7 x S x L x [fu/√3γ𝑚w]
where fu = ultimate strength of plate =
410 N/mm2
γ𝑚w = Partial safety factor for weld
material. [page 30]
= 1.25 for shop fabrication
= 1.5 for field fabrication
S = Size of weld
t’ = Thickness of thinner plate.
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 8
DSSE
8. Strength of butt weld
a) Single Butt Weld
Strength of Single Butt weld

= 5/7 x t’ x L x [fu/√3γ𝑚w]
where t’ = Thickness of thinner plate.
b) Double Butt Weld
Strength of double Butt weld = t’ x L x [fu/√3γ𝑚w]
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 9

DSSE
PROBLEMS :
1. Determine strength of the welded joint
for the diagram shown in figure.
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 10

DSSE
2. Two plates are connected by a fillet weld using
8mm welding size. Welding is provided on two
sides with a length of 300 mm as shown in figure.
Find the strength of the weld.
If weld is provided on three sides what is
percentage increase in the strength of the weld.
Soln: t = 8mm,L = 300+300= 600mm for 2 side welding

L = 300 + 300 + 200 = 800 mm for 3 side welding.
Assume Fe 400 plate and shop welding
Therefore fu = 400 N/mm2 and ϒmw = 1.25

DSSE
3. 18 mm thick plate is joined to a 16mm thick

plate and 200mm long butt weld. Determine the
strength of the joint if a
a. Single V Butt weld is used.
b. A double V butt weld is used.

DSSE
4. Design a suitable longitudinal fillet weld to

connect the plates as shown in figure to transmit the
pull equal to full strength of small plate. Plates are 12
mm thick and the grade of plate is Fe400 and
welding to be made in workshop.

DSSE
5. Determine the size of weld, pull transmitted,

length of the weld and tensile strength of plate of
smaller plate, for plates shown in figure, if plates are
10 mm thick each. Assume suitable partial safety
factor and yield stress for welded steel plate.

DSSE
6. A tie member of roof roof consists of 2 ISA 150 x

150 x 10 mm angles. They are connected on either
side to 10 mm gusset plate and the member is
subjected to a factored tensile force of 500 KN.
Design the welded Connection assuming the
connection are made in workshop.

DSSE

DSSE
7. A tie member of roof truss consist of 2 ISA 125 x

75 x 10 mm. the tie member is subjected to a pull of
250 KN. The angles are connected on either side of
a gusset plate of 10 mm thick with long legs back to
back. Design the end connection assuming g the
fillet weld.

DSSE

DSSE
8. In a truss angle 100 x 100 x 8mm is subjected to

factored tension of 200 KN. It has to be connected
to a gusset plate using fillet weld at the toe and
back. Determine the weld length required so that
centre of gravity of the welds lies in the plane of the
centre of gravity of the angle. Take Fu 410 N/mm2
or Mpa.

DSSE
9. Design a Welded connection for an angle ISA

100 x 100 x 8mm subjected to a load of 250 KN.
Provide 3 sides welding. Angle section has to be
connected to a gusset plate using fillet weld.
Assume suitably any missed data.

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BRACKET WELDED CONNECTION

Type 1 – Bracket load acts parallel to weld group:

DSSE
1. A bracket plate of thickness 16mm is welded to

the flange of a column ISHB 400 at 759 N/M to
support a load of 150 KN as shown in figure.
Determine the size of the weld that could be
required to support a load.

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2. The 10 mm thick bracket plae shown in figure is

connected with the flange of the column ISHB
300@577 N/m. Find the size of the weld to transmit
a factored load of 150 KN.

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3. Calculate the load that can be transmitted through

the eccentric welding connection shown in figure.
Weld size = 6mm.

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4. Determine the maximum load than can be

registered by the bracket shown in figure by fillet
weld of size 6mm.
5. Calculate the factored load that can be

supported by a bracket connection as shown in
figure. Take size of weld as 6mm.

DSSE
WELDED BRACKET CONNECTION

TYPE 2: Bracket load acting perpendicular to the Weld Group
1. A bracket of I section is welded to a steel

stanchion by using flange weld as shown in figure as
well as web weld as shown in figure. The size of the
flange weld are double the size of the web.
Determine the suitable weld size.

DSSE
Ymax
= 200

DSSE
2. A bracket consisting of T section 150 x 150 x

10mm is connected to a column as shown in figure.
The bracket carries 150 KN load at 80 mm
eccentricity. Find out maximum throat thickness.

(18CV61)
MODULE 4
DESIGN OF TENSION
MEMBER
DSSE 18CV61
MODULE 04
DESIGN OF TENSION MEMBERS
 Tension members are linear members in which
actual forces act to cause elongation (stretch).
 Tension members also known as “TIE members”
 Tension members sustain loads upto the
ultimate load, after that they may fail by
rupture at critical Section.
 Following are the types of section used for
tension member. i.e. L, T, C, I, Double angle
sections etc.
 A truss is a combination of tension and

compression member as shown in the following
in figure
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 2

DSSE 18CV61
Reversal of Stresses:
Due to change in direction of wind or seismic
load, there is a change in nature of stresses in
a member and it is called as reversal of
stresses.
According to code
λ > not greater than 180 – for reversal of
the stresses due to other than wind load and
seismic load.
λ > not greater than 350 – for reversal of
the stresses due to wind load and seismic
load.
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 3
DSSE 18CV61
Effective Length: (le)

i. For single bolt connection le = l
ii. For more bolts le = 0.85 l
iii.For a welded connection le = 0.7l
Gusset plate:
 A gusset plate is a plate provided at
the ends of tension members through
which forces are transfer to the main
member.
 Gusset plate may be used to join members
at a joint and line of action of truss
members meeting at a joint should coincide.
 There is not standard size and shape of
gusset plate .
Design Strength of a tension member (Td)

The design strength of steel tension member
is least of the following
1. Design strength due to yielding of C/S (Tdg)
2. Design strength due to rupture of C/S (Tdn)
3. Design strength due to block shear (Tdb)
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 4

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BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 5

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BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 6

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BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 7

DSSE 18CV61
1. Determine the tensile strength of the tie

member ISA 100 mm x 75mm x 8mm
connected to gusset plate using 4 bolts of
M16 at a pitch of 60mm and edge distance of
40 mm.
Also check for reversal stress or slenderness
ratio taking length = 2.5 m.
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 8

DSSE 18CV61
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 9

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2. Determine the tensile strength of a plate

150 mm x 10 mm connected to gusset plate
using 6 bolts of M18. Take pitch = 60mm and
e = 40 mm.

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3. Determine tensile strength of a Tie member 2 ISA

80 x 80 x 8mm connected to gusset plate on either
side using 6mm fillet weld. The length of the weld is
100mm and 75mm.

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Design of Tension Members

Following data's are given:
Force, Type of Section, Type of Connection
Following steps are used in the design of tension
member
1. Calculate Gross area required using the
formula
𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑋 γ𝑚𝑜
Ag =
𝑓𝑦
Increase the above area by 30% approximately
From the steel table select suitable section
2. Calculate the bolt value
3. Calculate the number of bolts

𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑
No. of bolts =
𝐵𝑜𝑙𝑡 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
4. Draw the neat sketch showing the

arrangement of bolts.
5. Calculate Tdg, Tdn and Tdb (Page 32 and 33)

If Tdn, Tdn and Tdb > Given force, then
safe otherwise revise the section.
6. Check for slenderness Ratio.
DSSE 18CV61
1. Design a tie member consisting of single angle

section to carry a working load of 150 KN. Use
bolted connection with M18 property class 5.6
bolts.
If the length of the member is 2m , check
for slenderness ratio.

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3. Design a tie member to carry an axial load of 400

KN (Working). Use Double angles with M20 HSFG
Bolts and property Class 10.9.

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4. Design a Tie member which consists of single angle

section to carry a tensile force of 200 KN. The length
of the member is 3.5 m and subjected to reversal of
stress due to wind force.
The yield strength and ultimate strength of steel used
are 250 Mpa and 410 Mpa and using 20 mm bolts.
Given Data:
Service load = 200 KN
Factored load = 1.5 x 200 = 300 KN
Length = 3.5 m
Fy = 250 Mpa
Fy = 410 N/mm
D = 20 mm
Do = 20 + 2 = 22 mm

DSSE 18CV61
LUG ANGLES :
 Lug angles are short angles used to connect

the gusset plate and the outstanding leg of
the main member as shown in figure.
 The lug angle helps to increase the efficiency
of the outstanding leg of angle.
 They are normally provided when the
tension member carries a very large load.
 Higher load results in a larger end
connection which can be reduced by
providing lug angles.

DSSE 18CV61
 It is ideal to place the lug angle at the beginning of

the connection then at any position.
 If the length of the connection is more which can be
reduced by lug angle.
Advantages:
The only advantage is length of the connection can be
reduced.
Disadvantages:
 The connection requires additional piece of angle
section.
 The overall number of bolts is more than without
the lug angle connection
 The lug angle connection is slightly eccentric.
Design specifications of Lug angles:

a. For the design of lug angles, increase the force in
outstanding leg by 20% (for channel section 10%)
b. For connection between lug angle and gusset plate
the force in outstanding leg is increased by 30%
(for channel section 10%)
c. For connection between lug angle and main angle
the force in the outstanding leg is increased by 40%
(for channel section)

DSSE 18CV61
Design of Tension Member with Lug Angles:

Following procedure is adopted for the design of
tension member with lug angle
1. Design of Tension Member
2. Design of Lug angle.
3. Connections
a. Find Bolt value which is least of Shear and
Bearing strength.
b. Connection between lug angle and Gusset
plate.
c. Connection between lug angle and main
angle.
d. Connection between main angle and
Gusset plate.

DSSE 18CV61
1. The tie member ISA 100 x 75 x 8 mm carries a load

of 300 KN (factored). Design a lug angle connection
using M18 property class 5.6 bolts.

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DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURAL
ELEMENTS
(18CV61)
MODULE 4
DESIGN OF COLUMN BASES
DSSE 18CV61
Column Bases:
Column Base or
or slab base
 The columns are supported on the column base.

 The column base is provided for transferring the
load from the column to the base and to distribute
it evenly on the concrete bed.
 The load is also distributed over a larger area, so
that the stress induced in the concrete is within its
permissible limits and is capable of resisting
overturning.
 If column base is not provided, the column is likely
to punch through the concrete block.
 Mild steel plates of sufficient area are attached to
the bottom of the column in order to increase the
bearing area. Such plates are called column bases.
 These plates are secured to the concrete block
through holding down or anchor bolts.
There are two types of column bases:
1) Slab base
2) Gusseted base.
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT. 1

DSSE 18CV61
Purpose of providing a column base.
Column bases are provided for following purposes

a. to distribute the column load to concrete
pedestal or blocks
b. to maintain alignment of column in plan
c. to maintain verticality of column
d. to control deflection of column and frames.
Slab Base:
o For columns carrying small loads, slab bases
are used.
o It consists of a base plate, placed below the
machined column end and cleat angles.
o The machined column end transfers the load to
the slab base by direct bearing.
o The column end is connected to base plate by
welding or by means of bolts.
o In order to prevent movement of plate in
the horizontal plane, four bolts are provided
in the four corners of the plate and this bolts
are called as anchor bolts or holding down
bolts.
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PLAN AND ELEVATION OF SLAB BASE
Slab base with Welded Slab base with Bolted

Connection Connection
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Gusseted Base:
 For columns carrying heavy loads gusseted bases
are used.
 The loads are transmitted to the base plate through
the gusset plates attached to the flanges of the
column by means of cleat angles.
 So the gusseted base consists of base plate, gusset
plates and cleat angles or gusset angels.
 The base plate is anchored at the four corners to
the foundation with bolts to check the lateral
movement.
 The foundation is generally of cement concrete and
transmits the load over a larger area with uniform
distribution of pressure.

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Plan, Front Elevation and Side Elevation of

Gusseted Base.

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Following steps are used to design a slab base:

i. Area of the slab base (base plate)
𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 =
𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑒
• Bearing strength of concrete = 0.45 x fck
• Find the projections ‘a’ and ‘b ‘ by using the equation
• Area = (h+2a) * (bf*2b)
• For Economy, as far as possible take the values of a & b as same.
ii. Thickness of base slab:
Thickness of base slab is calculated by using the equation:
2.5𝑤(𝑎2−0.3𝑏2 ) 𝛾𝑚𝑜
𝑡𝑠 = > tf …….page 47
𝑓𝑦
Where w = Uniform upward pressure from concrete
= Load/Area of base plate
a & b = Larger & smaller projection respectively of
the slab beyond the rectangle circumscribing the
column
tf = Flange thickness of compression member.
iii. Connection:
a. Welded connection
Assuming size of the weld s = 8mm and equating
Force = Strength of the weld, Find the length of the weld
𝑓𝑢
i.e., Force = 0.7 x s x L x √3𝛾
𝑚𝑤
b. Bolted connection
𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑
No. of Bolts =
𝐵𝑜𝑙𝑡 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
iv. Design of Concrete Base:
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑
Find the area of Concrete base =
𝑆𝐵𝐶 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑖𝑙

DSSE
Problems:
1. Design a slab base for a column ISHB 300 @ 583.8
Kg/m subjected to a service load of 1500 KN. The
grade of concrete for pedestal is M20 and SBC of soil
is 180 KN/m2. Design slab base and concrete base
with welded connection.

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2. Design a gusseted base on a concrete pedestal for a

column ISHB 400 @ 759 N/m with two flanged
plates 400 x 20mm carrying a factored load of 4000
KN. The column is to be supported on concreted
pedestal build with M20 concrete. Take SBC of soil
as 225 KN/m2

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(18CV61)
MODULE 5
DESIGN OF BEAMS
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M O D U L E 05
DESIGN OF BEAMS
Introduction:
 Beams are structural members subjected to
transverse loads in the plane of bending causing
Bending moment and shear forces.
 These are horizontal structural elements that
withstand vertical loads, shear forces, and
bending moments.
 Beams transfer loads that imposed along their
length to their endpoints such as walls, columns
etc.
 The beams are designed for maximum BM and
checked for maximum SF, local effects such as
vertical buckling and crippling of webs and
deflection.
 The compression flange of the beams can be
laterally supported (restrained) or laterally
unsupported (unrestrained) depending upon
whether lateral supports (restraints) are
provided are not.
 Beams can be fabricated to form different
types of c/s for the specific requirements of
spans and loadings.
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 2
DSSE 18CV61
Types of beam cross sections used in Steel

Structures :
1. Rolled Sections /Universal Beam
In this type material is concentrated in the
flanges and are very efficient in resisting uni axial
bending. Types of rolled sections used for beams
are as follows
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 3

DSSE 18CV61
2. Built-up Sections or Compound Beams :

It consists of rolled sections strengthen by
flange plates. This beams can resist bending in
vertical as well as horizontal direction.
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 4

DSSE 18CV61
3. Composite Sections:
Composite beam consists of rolled section with
roof slab which gives continues lateral support. The
concrete floor over the beam provides the
necessary lateral support to the compression flange
to prevent lateral bucking.
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 5

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DSSE
Section Classification:
There are four classes of section namely Plastic,
Compact, Semi-Compact and Slender sections as
per IS-800 : 2007 (Page 17). For design of beams,
only Plastic and Compact sections are used.
Lateral Stability of Beams:

 A beam which does not laterally move nor rotate
is known as Laterally-Supported Beam.
 Lateral buckling beams is the out of Plane
bending due to compressive force in the flange
and is controlled by providing sufficient lateral
(support) restraint to the compressive flange.
 A laterally supported beam is one where the
compression flange is supported and prevented
from buckling in the horizontal plane due to the
compressive forces in the top flange.
 This support could be in the form of a
continuously welded chequered plate floor, or an
RCC slab with shear lugs welded to the top flange
of the beam or laterally supported by cross
beams or bracings in the horizontal plane.
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 6

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DSSE
Difference between Laterally supported and

Unsupported beams:
Laterally supported Beam (restrained)

In laterally supported beams, compression
flanges are embedded in concrete and the beam is
restrained (supported) against the rotation. Lateral
deflection of compression flange does not occur.
Laterally Unsupported Beam (unrestrained)

In laterally unsupported beam compression
flanges are not embedded in concrete. Beam is free
for rotation. Lateral deflection of compression
flange occurs.
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 7

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DSSE
Factors affecting Lateral Stability of Beams:

The following factors affects lateral stability of
beams
a. Cross sectional shape of the beam
b. Support conditions of the beam
c. Effective length of the beam
d. level of application of transverse loads.
Web Crippling (or Crimpling)
 Web crippling causes local crushing failure of

web due to large bearing stresses under
reactions at supports or concentrated loads.
 This occurs due to stress concentration because
of the bottle neck condition at the junction
between flanges and web.
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 8
18CV61
DSSE
 It is due to the large localized bearing stress caused

by the transfer of compression from relatively wide
flange to narrow and thin web.
 Web crippling is the crushing failure of the metal at
the junction of flange and web.
 Web crippling causes local buckling of web at the
junction of web and flange.
Web Buckling
o The web of the beam is thin and can buckle under

reactions and concentrated loads with the web
behaving like a short column fixed at the flanges.
o The unsupported length between the fillet lines for I
sections and the vertical distance between the
flanges or flange angles in built up sections can buckle
due to reactions or concentrated loads. This is called
web buckling.
BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 9

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Permissible Deflection > Actual Deflection

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PROBLEM
1. Simply supported beam ISMB 350 at 52.4 Kg/m is
used over a span of 5m. The beam carries an
UDL live load of 20 KN/m and DL of 15 KN/m.
The beam is laterally supported throughout.
Check the safety of the Beam.

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Problems on Design of BEAM:

1. Design a beam of effective span of 6m subjected
to an UDL 10 KN/m along with concentrated
load of 100 KN at its centre. The beam is
Laterally supported. The thickness of wall is
230mm.

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DSSE
Check for Web crippling and Web Bulking can also be

made as we done in the pervious problem.
18CV61
DSSE
2. Design a cantilever beam which is casted

monolithic into concrete wall carrying a dead
load of 25 KN/m and live load of 10 KN/m. Span
of the beam is 5m.
c. Selection of trial Section based on Plastic

Modulus Zp
d. Section Classification
e. Check for Shear
f. Check for Moment
g. Check for Deflection.

18CV61
DSSE
3. A hall measuring 6 m x 15 m consists of beams

spaced at 3m center to center. RCC slab of 130
mm cast over the beams. The finishing load is
1.5 KN/m2 and the imposed load on the beam
is 5 KN/m2 . The beam is supported on 300mm
wall.
Design an intermediate beam and check the
design for deflection, web crippling and web
buckling.

18CV61
DSSE

18CV61
DSSE

18CV61
DSSE

18CV61
DSSE
4. A roof of hall measuring 5 x 12 m consists of 120

mm thick RCC slab on steel I-section spaced at
3m centre to centre. Take live load of 3.5 KN/m2
and finishing load 1.5 KN/m2. Bearing of wall
400 mm. The beam is laterally restrained
Design one of the interior beam supporting the
roof, Check for shear, moment capacity and
Deflection.

18CV61
DSSE
5. A hall of clear dimensions 15 m x 6m is to be covered by

RCC slab flooring of 120 mm thick resisting over RS joist
spaced at an interval of 3m c/c. Floor finishing is 20mm
thick is to be provided over the RCC slab. The live load on
RCC slab is 4 KN/m2. The joists are resting over 300 mm
thick wall.
Design an Engineering beam using code specification. The
unit Weight of RCC and Concrete is 24 KN/m and apply all
necessary checks.

18CV61
DSSE

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DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

MODULE 02 - WELDED CONNECTIONS

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 4

TYPES OF WELDED JOINTS:

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 5

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 6

3) Slot Weld and Plug Weld

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 7

WELD SPECIFICATIONS [Page No.: 78 IS 800 – 2007]

3. Length of weld should be greater than width of

8. Strength of butt weld

a) Single Butt Weld

Strength of Single Butt weld

where t’ = Thickness of thinner plate.

b) Double Butt Weld

Strength of double Butt weld = t’ x L x [fu/√3γ𝑚w]

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 9

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 10

Soln: t = 8mm,L = 300+300= 600mm for 2 side welding

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 11

3. 18 mm thick plate is joined to a 16mm thick

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 12

4. Design a suitable longitudinal fillet weld to

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 13

5. Determine the size of weld, pull transmitted,

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 14

6. A tie member of roof roof consists of 2 ISA 150 x

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 15

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 16

7. A tie member of roof truss consist of 2 ISA 125 x

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 17

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 18

8. In a truss angle 100 x 100 x 8mm is subjected to

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 19

9. Design a Welded connection for an angle ISA

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 20

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 21

BRACKET WELDED CONNECTION

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 22

1. A bracket plate of thickness 16mm is welded to

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 23

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 24

2. The 10 mm thick bracket plae shown in figure is

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 25

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 26

3. Calculate the load that can be transmitted through

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 27

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 28

4. Determine the maximum load than can be

5. Calculate the factored load that can be

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 29

WELDED BRACKET CONNECTION

1. A bracket of I section is welded to a steel

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 30

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 31

2. A bracket consisting of T section 150 x 150 x

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 32

 A truss is a combination of tension and

BGSIT, CIVIL DEPT 2