Newton's Laws of Gravitation, Gravitational GMm  1 

(d) 1+
Field and Potential: 2  2
d   R
8 1 −  
1. If the radius of the earth were to shrink by 1% its mass   2d  
remaining the same, the acceleration due to gravity on the 5. The gravitational potential difference between the surface of
earth’s surface would a planet and a point 10 m above is 4.0 J/kg. The gravitational
(a) decrease by 2% (b) remain unchanged field in this region, assumed uniform is :
(a) 0.025 N/kg (b) 0.40 N/kg
(c) increase by 2% (d) increase by 1%
(c) 40 N/kg (d) 4.0 N/kg

MANISH SIR
2. If earth is supposed to be a sphere of radius R, if g g30° is 6. Two identical trains are moving on rails along the equator
value of acceleration due to gravity at latitude of 30° and g on earth in opposite directions with the same speed. The
at the equator, the value of g – g30° is pressure exerted on rails will be :
1 2 3 2 (a) same for both
(a) ω R (b) ω R (b) zero for both
4 4 (c) more for train moving along the earth’s motion
1 2 (d) more for train moving opposite the earth’s motion
(c) ω2R (d) ω R
2 7. A satellite of mass m is orbiting the earth in a circular path
3. A certain planet completes one rotation about its axis in
time T. The weight of an object placed at the equator on of radius r with velocity v. How much energy is required to
the planet's surface is a fraction f (f is close to unity) of take the satellite from an orbit of radius r to one of radius
tis weight recorded at a latitude of 60°. The density of the 3r:
planet (assumed to be uniform) is given by :[KVPY- 2010] GMm GMm
(a) (b)
r 2r
 4 − f  3π  4 − f  3π
(a)  1 − f  (b)  GMm
4GT 2  1 + f  4GT 2 (c)
GMm
(d)

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3r r2
 4 − 3 f  3π  4 − 2 f  3π
(c)  1 − f  (d)  Satellites, Orbital Velocity and Escape Velocity
4GT 2  1 − f  3GT 2
4. The figure shows a spherical hollow inside a lead sphere of 8. The eccentricity of earth’s orbit is e = 0.0167. The ratio of
radius R, the surface of the hollow passes through the centre its maximum speed in its orbit to its minimum speed is :
of the sphere and "touches" the right side of the sphere. The
mass of the sphere before hollowing was M. With what (a) 2.507 (b) 1.033
gravitational force does the hollowed out lead sphere attract (c) 8.324 (d) 1.000
a small sphere of mass m that lies at a distance 'd' from the 9. A body moves in a circular orbit of radius R under the action
centre of the lead sphere, on the straight line connecting the of a central force. Potential due to the central force is given
centres of the sphere and of the hollow : by V(r) = kr (k is a positive constant). Period of revolution
GMm  1  of the body is proportional to :
(a) 2 
1− 2 (a) R1/2 (b) R–1/2
d   R m
8 1 −   (c) R –3/2 (d) R–5/2
  2d   R
10. For the earth - moon system, let M and m be the masses of the
GMm  1  d earth and the moon respectively. Let v be the instantaneous
(b) 2 
1+ 2
d   R relative velocity. The total kinetic energy of this system in
4 1 −   the centre of mass frame will be given by
  2d  
1 1
GMm  1  (a) 1 mM v 2 (b) mv2 + Mv2
(c) 1− 2 m+M 2 2
2  2
d   R
4 1 −   1 1
  2d   (c) mv2 (d) Mv2
2 2
11. A research satellite of mass 200 kg circles the earth in an from P and reaches at C under gravitational attraction only.
orbit of average radius 3R/2 where R is the radius of the Its speed at centre C will be :
earth. Assuming the gravitational pull on a mass of 1 kg on
2Gm
the earth’s surface to be 10 N, the pull on the satellite will (a) R
R
be
R
C P
(a) 880 N (b) 889 N 2Gm  1 
(b)  1− 
(c) 890 N (d) 892 N R  2
12. Energy required to move a body of mass m from an orbit
of radius 2R to 3R is 2Gm
(c) ( 2 − 1)
(a) GMm/12R2 (b) MGm/3R2 R
(c) GMm/8R (d) GMm/6R (d) zero

MANISH SIR
13. A particle of mass 10 g is kept on the surface of a uniform
17. A planet was suddenly stopped in its orbit supposed to be
sphere of mass 100 kg and radius 10 cm. Find the work to
circular. The time it takes to fall on to the sun is, if time
be done against the gravitational force between them to
period of planet’s revolution is T
take the particle far away from the sphere (you may take G
= 6.67 × 10–11 Nm2 / kg2) T 2T
(a) (b)
(a) 6.67 × 10–9 J (b) 6.67 × 10–10 J 2 4
(c) 13.34 × 10–10 J (d) 3.33 × 10–10 J 2T
(c) (d) 2T
14. An asteroid of mass m is approaching earth initially at a 8
distance of 10Re with speed vi. It hits the earth with a speed 18. The escape velocity from earth is ve. A body is projected
vf (Re and Me are radius and mass of earth), then with velocity 2ve with what constant velocity will it move
2Gm  1 in the inter planetary space
(a) v 2f =
vi2 + 1 −  (a) ve (b) 3ve
MeR 10
2GM e  1 (c) 3ve (d) 5ve

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2
vi2 +
(b) v f = 1 + 
Re 10
19. Three equal masses (each m) are placed at the corners of
2GM e  1 an equilateral triangle of side ‘a’. Then the escape velocity
(c) v 2f =
vi2 + 1 − 
Re 10 of an object from the circumcentre P of triangle is :
A
2 2Gm  1
vi2 +
(d) v f = 1 − 
R e  10 

15. A projectile is projected with velocity kve in vertically

upward direction from the ground into the space. (ve is
escape velocity and k < 1). If air resistance is considered to
be negligible then the maximum height from the centre of P
earth to which it can go, will be: (R = radius of earth)
B C
R R
(a) (b)
k2 +1 k2 −1 (a) 2 3 Gm (b)
3 Gm
a a
R R
(c) (d)
1+ k2 k +1 6 3 Gm 3 3 Gm
(c) (d)
16. A point P lies on the axis of a ring of mass M and radius a a
R at a distance R from its centre C. A small particle starts