Yr9 Biology

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Y9 Inheritance, Variation and Evolution

Inheritance, Variation and Evolution: Homework 2


Complete the exam questions below:
1. The diagram below shows a cell.

(a) Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete each sentence.

chromosomes.
(i) In the nucleus of a cell, genes are part of membranes.
receptors.

(1)
characteristics
(ii) Different genes control different gametes of an organism.
nuclei

(1)

(b) In sexual reproduction, an egg fuses with a sperm.

(i) Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence.

cloning.
An egg and a sperm fuse together in the process of fertilisation.
mitosis.

(1)

(ii) Egg cells and sperm cells each contain the structures given in the
box.

chromosome gene nucleus

List these three structures in size order, starting with the smallest.

1 ________________________________________ (smallest)

2 __________________________________________________

3 __________________________________________ (largest)
(2)
Y9 Inheritance, Variation and Evolution

(iii) The egg and the sperm contain genetic material.

Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence.

carbohydrate.
The genetic material is made of DNA.
protein.

(1)
(Total 6 marks)

2. These young rabbits look like their parents. This is because information about
characteristics such as fur colour is passed from parents to their young.

Choose words from this list to complete the sentences below.

body chromosomes clones cytoplasm

genes nucleus sex

Information is passed from parents to their young in ______________________


cells.

Each characteristic, e.g. fur colour, is controlled by _______________________


.

The structures which carry information for a large number of characteristics are

called ________________________ .

The part of the cell which contains these structures is called the
_________________ .
(Total 4 marks)
Y9 Inheritance, Variation and Evolution

3. Men and women produce different gametes (sex cells).

(a) In sexual reproduction the male and female gametes join together.

What is the name for this process?

___________________________________________________________
(1)

(b) Complete the sentences about sex cells.

(i) Male gametes are called


_________________________________________

They are produced in the


_________________________________________
(2)

(ii) Female gametes are called


_______________________________________

They are produced in the


_________________________________________
(2)
(Total 5 marks)
Y9 Inheritance, Variation and Evolution

4. The shape of a person’s earlobes is controlled by a gene.

Figure 1 shows two types of earlobe.

Figure 1

A dominant allele codes for free earlobes.

(a) What is a dominant allele?

Tick (✓) one box.

An allele expressed even if a person only has one copy of the


allele

An allele expressed only if a person has two copies of the allele

An allele expressed only if a person has no recessive allele

An allele expressed only if it is inherited from the male parent

(1)
Y9 Inheritance, Variation and Evolution

(b) A man with free earlobes and a woman with attached earlobes have
children together.

Complete Figure 2 to show the possible genotypes of the children.

Use the symbols:

E = allele for free earlobes


e = allele for attached earlobes

Figure 2

(2)

(c) What is the probability that one of the children would have attached
earlobes?

Use Figure 2.

Tick (✓) one box.

0.125 0.25 0.5 0.75

(1)
(Total 4 marks)
Y9 Inheritance, Variation and Evolution

Inheritance, Variation and Evolution: Homework 3


1. Complete the sentences to describe the theory of natural selection:

Survive Variation Genes Species Environment Reproduce


Passed Evolve Generation Adapted

• Individuals in a s___________ show a wide range of v___________ and this


variation is because of differences in their g_________.
• Individuals with characteristics most suited to their e________________ are more
likely to s_____________ and r______________. The genes that allow these
individuals to be successful are passed to their offspring.
• Those that are poorly a_____________ to their environment are less likely to
survive and reproduce. This means that their genes are less likely to be passed on
to the next g_______________.
• Given time, a species will gradually e__________.
• Both genes and the environment can cause variation, but only genetic variation
can be p____________ on to the next generation.

2. Peppered moths can either be light coloured or dark coloured. During the 19th
century, an increase in pollution caused the bark on trees to go darker. How did this
affect the numbers of each type of moth and why?
What happened to the Explanation
number of each type?
Light
coloured

Increase/Decrease

Dark
coloured

Increase/Decrease

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