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Venturimeter

Basic practical

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22 views4 pages

Venturimeter

Basic practical

Uploaded by

singhrautiyaroshan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3.

Fluid Mechanics

Venturimeter

1. Objective
To measure the discharge through a venturimeter.

2. Apparatus Required
Venturimeter, U-tube manometer, stop watch, water tank.

3. Theory

The fluid whose flow rate is to be measured enters the entry section of the venturimeter with a
pressure P1.As the fluid from the entry section of venturimeter flows into the converging section,
its pressure keeps on reducing and attains a minimum value P2 when it enters the throat. That is,
in the throat, the fluid pressure P2 will be minimum. The differential pressure sensor attached
between the entry and throat section of the venturimeter records the pressure difference (P1-P2)
which becomes an indication of the flow rate of the fluid through the pipe when calibrated. The
diverging section has been provided to enable the fluid to regain its pressure and hence its kinetic
energy.

4. Procedure
 Start the Centrifugal pump which supplies water to the Venturimeter.
 Regulate the supply of water to the Venturimeter by adjusting the valve to a particular
discharge position.
 Note down the time (t) taken for a given amount to rise (y meters) in the level of water in the
measuring tank.
 Note down the manometer reading.
 Repeat the procedure Nos. (1) to (4) for different discharge through the venturimeter.
 Tabulate the result: and determine the average value of the coefficient of discharge..
5. Observation
 Diameter of Venturimeter at inlet, d1 = meters
 Diameter of Venturimeter at throat, d2 = meters
 Specific gravity of manometer liquid, Sm = 13.6 (Hg)
 Specific gravity of water, Sw = .
 Area of the measuring tank, A = meters.
 Rise in level of water in measuring tank, y = meters.

6. Tabulation

S. Manometer reading X = X1 Head Time taken Qthe Qact Cd Average


No. m. of Hg - X2 m (h) for particular m3/sec m3/sec Cd
X1 X2 of Hg m. of cm rise (in
H2O sec)
1
2
3
4
5
6

7. Calculations
 C/ S area of venturimeter at inlet (A1)

𝜋𝑑12
𝐴1 =
4

A1 = m2.
 C/ S area of venturimeter at throat (A2)

𝜋𝑑22
𝐴2 =
4

A2 = m2.

 Reading differential manometer (X)

X = X1 - X2

X= m of Hg.

 Head in m of water (h)

𝑆𝑚
ℎ = 𝑋[ − 1]
𝑆𝑤

h= m of water.

 Theoretical Discharge (𝑄𝑡ℎ𝑜 )

1⁄
𝐴1 × 𝐴2 × (2𝑔ℎ) 2
𝑄𝑡ℎ𝑜 = 1⁄
[𝐴21 − 𝐴22 ] 2

𝑄𝑡ℎ𝑜 = m3/sec.

 Actual discharge (𝑄𝑎𝑐𝑡 )


𝐴×𝑦
𝑄𝑎𝑐𝑡 =
𝑡
𝑄𝑎𝑐𝑡 = m3/sec.
 Coefficient of discharge

𝑄𝑎𝑐𝑡
𝐶𝑑 =
𝑄𝑡ℎ𝑜

𝐶𝑑 = .

8. Result/ Conclusion

From the experiments it concludes that the mass flow rate of fluid is constant. By using the
venturimeter we calculate the difference of manometer reading & coefficient of discharge for
different sets of reading.

9. Precautions
 Keep the other valve closed while taking reading through one pipe.
 The initial error in manometer should be subtracted final reading.
 The parallax error should be avoided.
 Maintain a constant discharge for each reading.
 The parallax error should be while taking reading the manometer.

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