October 04 - English2

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October – 04
TNPSC BITS
❖ Lay's is named Official Sponsor of FIFA World Cup 26™ & FIFA Women's World
Cup 2027.
❖ India's first Oxygen Bird Park near Nagpur (Maharashtra) is spread across 8
hectares housing over 8,000 diverse plant species.
❖ Former Defence Minister Shigeru Ishida became the 102nd Prime Minister of
Japan.
❖ The seventh edition of the Global Aerospace Summit, a premier forum for the
world’s aerospace supply chain, was held in Abu Dhabi, UAE.
NATIONAL
Constitution amendment bills for ONOE
❖ The government is likely to bring three bills, including two to amend the
Constitution, to put in place its plan to hold simultaneous elections.
❖ The proposed Bill would seek to amend Article 82A by adding sub-clause (1)
relating to the ‘appointed date’.
❖ It will also seek to insert sub-clause (2) to Article 82A relating to the end of terms
of the Lok Sabha and state assemblies together.
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❖ The Bill also proposes to amend Article 83(2) and insert new sub-clauses (3) and
(4) relating to the duration and dissolution of the Lok Sabha.
❖ It also has provisions related to the dissolution of the legislative assemblies and
amending Article 327 to insert the term ‘simultaneous elections’.
❖ The second Bill will create provisions to hold simultaneous elections to
municipalities and panchayats, along with elections to Lok Sabha and state
legislative assemblies by inserting a new Article 324A.
❖ This Bill is required ratification by at least 50% of the states.
❖ The third Bill will be an ordinary one to amend provisions in three laws dealing
with Union Territories with legislative assemblies — Puducherry, Delhi and
Jammu and Kashmir.
❖ It aims to align the terms of these Houses with other legislative assemblies and
the Lok Sabha as proposed in the first Constitutional Amendment Bill.
❖ The statutes it proposes to amend are the Government of National Capital
Territory of Delhi Act-1991, the Government of Union Territories Act-1963 and
the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act-2019.
❖ To pass the Constitutional Amendment Bills, a special majority of not less than
two-thirds of the House will be required.
❖ So, the government needs the support of 362 members, but it has only 292
members in the House.
Fact Check Unit
❖ The Bombay High Court has formally struck down the amended Information
Technology Rules, 2023.
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❖ This amendment allowed the Centre to set up a fact check unit (FCU) to identify
fake, false and misleading information about the government and its
establishments on social media.
❖ As per the court, these Amendment Rules, 2023, violated “Article 14 (right to
equality), 19 (freedom of speech and expression) and 19(1)(g) (freedom and right
to profession) of the Constitution”.
SBI ERD report 2024
❖ SBI’s economic research department (ERD) released a new report, “Precursor to

Census 2024: The Fine Prints of a Rapidly Changing Nation.”
❖ The average annual exponential growth of India is expected to decline from 2.20
per cent in 1971 to 1 per cent in 2024.
❖ The national population will be in the range of 138-142 crore in 2024.
❖ The median age of India is expected to increase from 24 years in 2021 to 28-29
years in 2023/24.
❖ The working age population (15-59) is likely to increase to 65.2 per cent in the
2031 census.
❖ The elderly population will cross 15 crores (Female: 7.7 crore; Male: 7.3 crore),
with a growth of 4.6 crore during 2011-2024.
❖ Southern States, chiefly Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana, in
incremental population growth is set to decline (vis-à-vis 2011).
❖ Northern States, led by UP and Bihar (with a 33 per cent share in incremental
growth), will drive the growth.
❖ The northern and eastern regions together are expected to have a 52 per cent
share of the entire population (51 per cent in 2011).
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❖ Apart from the Union Territories, Goa and Kerala are highly urbanised.
❖ Among the major states, Tamil Nadu continues to be the most urbanised State,
with 54 per cent of the population living in urban areas, followed by Maharashtra
(48.8 per cent).
❖ Himachal Pradesh (10.3 per cent), followed by Bihar (12.4 per cent), Assam (15.7
per cent), and Orissa (19.0%) form the bottom end of the spectrum.
INTERNATIONAL
DF-41 missile
❖ China successfully test-fired an intercontinental ballistic missile- D-41, into the
Pacific Ocean.
❖ It has an operational range of up to 12,000–15,000km, capable of reaching the
US mainland.
❖ An ICBM typically has a range greater than 5,500km and is designed to carry
nuclear warheads.
❖ In May 1980, a DF-5 -China's first ICBM flew more than 9,000 kilometres.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

New Drug delivery method
❖ The Scientists have used a chitin synthesis fungicide, Nikkomycin, produced by
the bacterial Streptomyces spp. to develop Nikkomycin loaded polymeric
nanoparticles.
❖ Chitin is the chief component of fungal cell walls and is absent in the human
body.
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❖ The drug loaded nanoparticles were found to disrupt the growth of Aspergillus
spp and found effective against fungal infection known as Aspergillosis.
❖ The nano formulation developed was found to be free of cytotoxic and hemolytic
effects.
❖ The use of polymeric nanoparticles is the most advanced method of drug delivery.
Spiral galaxy - Caldwell 45
❖ NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope has shared a video of a Spiral galaxy known as
Caldwell 45, or NGC 5248.
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❖ The spiral galaxy is located 59 million light-years away from Earth.

❖ It is home to starburst regions – places where stars form at a much higher rate
than usual.
STATES
Kasturirangan Committee Report - Karnataka
❖ The Karnataka government has rejected the Kasturirangan committee report -

2014.
❖ It gave recommendation for the protection of the fragile Western Ghats region
from environmental degradation.
❖ It proposes that 37 per cent of the total area of Western Ghats, which is roughly
60,000 square kilometres, to be declared as eco-sensitive area.
❖ Out of this, 20,668 sq. km of the area falls in Karnataka covering more than
1,500 villages.
❖ A state-level expert committee conducted meetings in the Western Ghats districts
and prepared a report in 2015.
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❖ It has recemented only 153 (as opposed to 1,553 villages) in Karnataka should
be declared ecologically sensitive areas.
IMPORTANT DAYS
International Day of Non-violence 2024 - October 02
❖ The day is observed on the birth anniversary of MK Gandhi and reflects upon his
philosophy and commitment to non-violence as a means of social and political
change.
❖ His struggles guided by non-violence and peaceful resistance.
❖ The principle of non-violence/non-violent resistance rejects the use of physical
violence in order to achieve social or political change.
❖ In June 2007, the United Nations General Assembly unanimously declared this
day.
MISCELLANEOUS
Shankh Air
❖ Shankh Aviation Private Limited, has received a no objection certificate (NOC)
from the Union Civil Aviation Ministry, allowing it to begin operations.
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❖ The NOC is valid for three years.

❖ It will be the first scheduled airline to launch from Uttar Pradesh, with hubs in
Lucknow and Noida.
Nazca Lines – Peru

❖ Archaeologists assisted by artificial intelligence, have discovered 303 previously
unknown giant symbols carved in the Nazca Desert.
❖ The carvings include birds, plants, spiders, humanlike figures with headdresses,
decapitated heads and an orca wielding a knife.
❖ These mysterious artworks formed in the ground by moving stones or gravel that
date back some 2,000 years.
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Fact Check Unit

SBI ERD report 2024

❖ SBI’s economic research department (ERD) released a new report, “Precursor to

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Spiral galaxy - Caldwell 45

❖ The spiral galaxy is located 59 million light-years away from Earth.

❖ The Karnataka government has rejected the Kasturirangan committee report -

❖ The NOC is valid for three years.

Nazca Lines – Peru

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