The inelusion- Exclus ion inciple

Sinple orm
AUB = 1A| + |s -

1Ane

unted twice
B
141+|el
50, exclded iraldy onu

- 1AnB

Examples
How many infegers et 1 to 20 axe divisible by 2,

32

Say. A i9hs set h a t cowfains hos olvisiblu b7 22

A A
3

2 or 3
Hhan, AUB
2 and 3
A DB

4 Uel = 14l+ l8| -

|A nel

>LeM o 2 aud 3
10 + 6 3
13

verificahm 1, 2, 3, 4. 5. 6, 7,8,9, 1o

, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20O

Tot 3
 auy
2Hosb wnauy bit string lergth 4 stor t ih O cr enda
th 11?

say, A isho s t haF start 1th O

B end ih I
stans i k
AU
O anod 11
A0G A

A: O o/ o
AUB lAl+|6) -1A nG| 2 2 2
=
2+ 2" -
2
e: o11 :2
8 +4-2 2 2

10
A A6 : 11:2

2
ttou many infegers bet 1 to 50 ae divisibl byy o

3 or 8 ?

ay, A is e set thot coutains hog divisibla by 2

A
3

C 8

A UBUc = IAl +16]+|el- 1406) -

lAnc|- lencl+|An6ac|

L+ -13
25+ 6 - 8= 33
 includnd twi ce
A0enc is AOC exeluoud
onc

exclooed three huoS

taken 3 HueD > AOBOC

included inady
in 1AltlelH BOC ineluda toiL,
excuud on
i n cf o d e d tuuic2
A0S RXcluolad ont

enerad fov ms
A
A,UAz U As . .

.UAn I =

ËI4:| -

2
Ii<sn

I i<j<ksn

A,...DAn
+ (-) A,O A2 0

Exaupla
14:1+|44| + Taking single
A,UAg UA UA4-l4,l+|2 |+
- 1 4 , 4 | - 14,0 4-4,0441-14:0As|-14,04
- taking intersection of double
-
1As 0 A|
+ taking intersection of triple
+|4,0A,0Aa]+|A,a^A
+|A,A0As +|A, A44)

- taking intersection of quadruple

t prebltmg :
-

Veridy wih
Htu mauy mtegers ber 1 to 100o ae divisibe by

2 or or 5 r lo 2