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    Thermodynamics

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    childe2002

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    Thermodynamics

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    Thermodynamics

    Uploaded by

    childe2002

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
    of 1

    Thermodynamics

    Thermodynamics is the study of heat, temperature, and energy transfer. It is a


    fundamental branch of physics that deals with the behavior of energy and its
    interactions with matter.

    Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

    The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics states that if two systems are in thermal
    equilibrium with a third system, then they are also in thermal equilibrium with
    each other. This law allows us to define a temperature scale, such as the Celsius
    or Kelvin scale, which measures the thermal energy of a system.

    First Law of Thermodynamics

    The First Law of Thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed,
    only converted from one form to another. Mathematically, this is expressed as:

    ΔE = Q - W

    where ΔE is the change in energy, Q is the heat added to the system, and W is the
    work done on the system.

    Second Law of Thermodynamics

    The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the total entropy of a closed system
    always increases over time, except in reversible processes. Entropy is a measure of
    the disorder or randomness of a system, and it can never decrease spontaneously.

    Third Law of Thermodynamics

    The Third Law of Thermodynamics states that as the temperature of a system


    approaches absolute zero, the entropy of the system approaches a minimum value.
    This law provides a fundamental limit on the efficiency of any heat engine.

    Thermodynamic Systems

    A thermodynamic system is a region of space where changes in energy and entropy can
    occur. There are several types of thermodynamic systems, including:

    Isolated System: A system that does not exchange energy or matter with its
    surroundings.
    Closed System: A system that exchanges energy but not matter with its surroundings.
    Open System: A system that exchanges both energy and matter with its surroundings.

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