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CHAPTER ONE SOLUTIONS

CHAPTER ONE SOLUTIONS

1.3 Substituting in dimensions, we have


(L)
(T) = = T 2 = (T)
(L/T2)
Thus, the dimensions are consistent.

1.7 (a) 78.9 ± 0.2 has 3 significant figures.


(b) 3.788 x 10 9 has 4 significant figures.
(c) 2.46 x 10 - 6 has 3 significant figures.
(d) 0.0032 = 3.2 x 10-3 has 2 significant figures.

1.23 Volume of cube = L 3 = 1 quart (Where L = length of one side of the cube.)
 1 g a l l o n  3 . 7 8 6 l i t e r s  1 0 0 0 c m 3 
Thus, L 3 = (1 quart)
4 q u a r t s  1 g a l l o n   1 l i t e r 
= 946.5 cm3 ,
a n d L = 9.82 cm


1 . 0 x 1 0 - 3 k g

1.25 ( a ) mass = (density)(volume) =  (1 m3 )
 1.0 cm3 
 1 0 2 c m 3
= (1.0 x 10-3 kg/cm 3 )(1 m3 ) 
1 m 
= 1000 kg
( b ) As rough calculation, treat as if 100% water.
 1 0 3 k g 4
cell: mass = density x volume =  
 1 m 3  3 π (0.5 x 10 m) = 5.2 x 10
-6 3 -16 kg

 1 0 3 k g 4
kidney: mass = density x volume =  
 1 m 3  3 π (4 x 10 m) = 0.27 kg
-2 3

fly: mass = density x vol = (density)(π r 2 h )


 1 0 3 k g
=  π (10-3 m)2 (4 x 10-3 m) = 1.3 x 10-5 kg
 1 m3 

1.26 number of pounds = (number of burgers)(weight/burger)


= (5 x 1010 burgers)(0.25 lb/burger) = 1.25 x 10 1 0 lb
number of head of cattle = (weight needed)/(weight per head)
=(1.25 x 1010 lb)/(300 lb/head) = 4.17 x 107 head
Assumptions are 0.25 lb of meat per burger and 300 lb of meat per head
of cattle
1.29 The x coordinate is found as x = r cosθ = (2.5 m)(cos 35°) = 2.1 m
and the y coordinate is y = r sinθ = (2.5 m)(sin 35°) = 1.4 m

1
CHAPTER ONE SOLUTIONS

side opposite
1.34 ( a ) sin θ = so, side opposite = (sin 30.0°)(3.00 m) = 1.5 m.
hypotenuse
adjacent side
( b ) cos θ = so, adjacent side = (cos 30.0°)(3.00 m) = 2.6 m.
hypotenuse

9.00 X 10 -7 k g
1.48 The volume of oil equals V = = 9.8 X 10-10 m 3 .
918 kg/m3
If the diameter of a molecule is d , then that same volume must equal
d ( π r 2 ) = (thickness of slick)(area of oil slick) where r = 0.418 m. Thus,
9.80 x 10 -10 m 3
d = = 1.78 X 10-9 m.
π (0.418 m) 2

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