SCIENCE PROJECT

NAME:……………………………………………………..
CLASS/SEC__________________________
ROLL NO:……………………………………………......
PROJECT TITLE:……………………………………....

NAME/SIGNATURE OF TEACHER:…………………………………………
REMARK/GRADE………………………………………..
 DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project titled ____________
________________________
submitted to DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, PATNA embodies the results of my original
work.
No part of this project has been submitted in part or full for the award of any
other such
work.
Name of the Student: ______________________________________
Class/section: ____________________________________________
Admission No: ___________________________________________
Session: _________________________________________________
Place: Delhi Public School, _______________________________
Date: _____________________________________
 CONTENT
 1. PROJECT TOPIC:_______________
 2. DECLARATION BY THE STUDENT:_________
 3. TABLE OF CONTENTS :____________
 4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:_____________
 5. INTRODUCTION:______________
 6. THEORY /PROJECT DETAIL:_____________
 7. OBSERVATION/DATA COLLECTION/SURVEY:_____________
 8. DATA ANALYSIS /TABLE/GRAPH/PICTURES:_________
 9. CONCLUSION:___________
 10. REFERENCES / BIBLIOGRAPHY:_______________
 FLORA AND FAUNA….......
Flora is the name given to
the collective plant life
that grows or once grew in
a certain area or during a
given time period. It
usually refers to the
native plant life
Fauna, on the other hand,
is the name given to
collective animal life that
lives or was once found in
a certain area or time
period.
 ALL ABOUT FOREST
 A forest is a complex ecological system in
which trees are the dominant life-form. A
forest is nature’s most efficient
ecosystem, with a high rate of
photosynthesis affecting both plant and
animal systems in a series of complex
organic relationships. Forests can develop
under various conditions, and the kind of
soil, plant, and animal life differs
according to the extremes of
environmental influences.
 IMPORTANCE OF FOREST……………
1.Provides habitat
Forests provide habitats to millions of animals and support numerous ecosystems.
Forest Protects Watershed Areas
The forest cover protects streams and rivers passing through forests from the sun's radiation and drying.
The Amazon, for example, has one of the world's largest watersheds and river systems.
Many additional forest areas act as important watershed zones around the world.
2. Supports Biodiversity
Forests act as a repository for biodiversity genes.
This is due to the fact that forests contain around 90% of all plant and animal species on the planet, resulting
in a diverse range of plant and animal life forms in distinct forest settings.
Forests also promote biodiversity by providing habitats in which various plants and animals can thrive.
Some of the world's most endangered species can also be found in forests.
3.Air Purifier
Forests serve a vital part in purifying the air we breathe. During the day, trees and plants
take carbon dioxide and release oxygen through photosynthesis.
As a result, they contribute to the cleansing of the air we breathe.
Also as a consequence, forests are an important tool for reducing the quantity of carbon
dioxide and other greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere, which contribute to global
warming.

4.Climate Stabilizer
Because trees and plants regulate atmospheric temperatures through evapotranspiration
and provide an environmental breeze, forests act as climate stabilizers.
The presence of trees, for example, in metropolitan areas can lessen the need for air
conditioners.
Large forests moderate regional temperatures by absorbing the sun's radiant heat and, as a
result of evapotranspiration, encourage rainfall and a cool climate.
 THREATS TO FOREST…………

 1. CLIMATE CHANGE
 Climate change is one of the most pressing issues confronting the planet
today.
 While forests can aid in the fight against climate change, they are also
extremely vulnerable to changing weather patterns.
 The type of forest that can grow in a given region is determined by the
climate.
 Forests must adapt to changing climate conditions. The adaptation process,
on the other hand, frequently takes longer than the changing climate
conditions allow.
 As a result, trees, biodiversity, and the potential to ameliorate the effects of
climate change are frequently lost.
 2. DEFORESTATION
 Deforestation has the potential to have a significant detrimental influence on
forest biodiversity.
 Deforestation is projected to be responsible for the loss of 13 million hectares
of forest each year, according to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization
(FAO).
 While it would take 1000 years for certain tropical forests to re-establish their
richness, others have already been irreparably harmed, with species going
extinct as a result of habitat degradation.
 Forests are destroyed to make room for crops or cattle farms, and agriculture
is widely recognized as the primary cause of deforestation.
 FAUNA…………
The famous fauna of India incorporates 500 distinct
collections of well-evolved mammals, 2000 types of
birds, 30.000 sorts of bugs, and a few collections of fish,
creatures of land and water, and reptiles.

India is, as a matter of fact, one of the world’s most

extravagant nations in the wording of its huge swath of
organic variety. This is conceivably two times or
threefold the number yet to be found.

A few evaluations propose that at any rate 10% of

India’s recorded wild verdure also, 20% of its
vertebrates are on the compromised list. Large numbers
of these would presently be classified as ‘basic’.
Reasons for decline in Indian Biodiversity………

There are different reasons for decline in India’s biodiversity

are, Hunting, Forest fires, Poisoning, Environmental
pollution, over exploration etc. these are the main reasons
for the decline in India’s biodiversity.

1.Hunting is broad administrator of loss of biodiversity.

Hunting exercises apply an extensive weight on natural life,
inciting massive slump of natural life and prompting upset
and wasteful biological systems.
2.Air contaminations like ash, residue, alkali, or carbon
dioxide can straightforwardly and in a roundabout way impact
biodiversity.
3.Environmental change, close to different parts, for
example, living space misfortune, land debasement, hunting,
overexploitation of specific species and so forth, is turning up
as a high danger to biodiversity.
Why should we conserve forests and wildlife?

Conservation of forests:

Forests should be conserved as they provide us with oxygen.

1.They cause rainfall.
2.They prevent soil erosion.
3.They have numerous medicinal herbs.
4.They are home to wild animals.
Conservation of Wildlife:

Wildlife should be conserved because

1.it maintains ecological balance.
2.Have equal rights to stay on this planet.
3.Association between wildlife and forests sustains an
ecosystem
Steps in the direction of wildlife conservation……
Some steps in the direction of wildlife conservation that can be taken are as follows:

1. The Indian Wildlife Act was passed by the government in 1972 for
the protection of plants and animal species.

2. The Act banned hunting and poaching of animals and provided legal
protection to their habitats.

3. The central and state governments have established many wildlife

sanctuaries and national parks in order to protect forests and wildlife.

4. Various projects regarding the conservation of endangered species

such as tiger and one-horned rhino have been initiated by the
government.

5. The government, through the introduction of a joint management

programme, has involved local communities in the management of
forests.
 COMMUNITY AND CONSERVATION………..

The communities have conserved and protected forests and

wildlife in India in the following ways:

(a) In Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthani villagers have fought

against mining by citing the Wildlife Protection Act. In many
areas villagers themselves are protecting habitats and
explicitly rejecting government involvement.

(b) Many states have launched the Joint Forest Management

Programme to involve local communities in the management
and restoration of degraded forests. Odisha was the first state
to launch this programme.

(c) The inhabitants of five villages in the Alwar district of

Rajasthan have declared about 1200 hectares of forest area as
the 'Bhairodev Dakav Sonchuri'.
 CONCLUSION…………..

Humans share the planet earth with many other living organisms. Forests have been
cleared to construct many buildings, reservoirs, industries, and other structures, which
has directly impacted biodiversity. The forests and wildlife are the ecosystem’s primary
sources, and they are also interdependent. Many organisms around us are in danger of
becoming extinct due to human activity. Many factors, such as mining, shifting
cultivation, and so on, are primarily responsible for affecting forests and wildlife. We
can conserve ecosystems in various ways by implementing many traditional techniques.
Hence forest and wildlife conservation of India is necessary.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY………

 FOR THE PURPOSE OF COMPLETION OF THE PROJECT I

HAVE TAKEN INFORMATION FORM FOLLOWING SOURCES:-
 1. https://byjus.com
 2. https://www.vedantu.com
 3. http://www.learncbse.com/
 4. ALL IN ONE SOCIAL SCIENCE CLASS 10TH
 5. PIVTURES- GOOGLE