SOCIAL SCIENCE

PROJECT REPORT

Submitted for

ALL INDIA SENIOR SCHOOL EXAMINATION

2022-2023

SUSTAINABLE DOVELOPMENT

Done By:

Thrishwyn Subash S

X- B

SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF

SOCIAL SCIENCE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to

my teacher Mrs. Prajwalitha J for her guidance, support
throughout the duration of the project. We completed the
project successfully by her motivation and her extended
support for us.

As well as I would like to thank our Correspondent

Dr.R.Kishore kumar , our Principal Mrs.Shanthi Samuel
and Vice Principal Mrs. Angelin Christopher Roy who
gave me the golden opportunity to do
this project, which also helped me in doing a lot of Research
and I came to know about so many new things when I was
doing the project.

Finally, I would also like to thank my parents and

friends who helped me a lot in finalizing this project within
the limited time frame.
TABLE OF CONTENTS:

S.NO CONTENTS
PAGE NO

1 Introduction 1

Sustainable development 2
2

Fundamental traits of sustainable

3 development

Impact of sustainable development

4

Goals of sustainable development

5

Sustainable city
6

Sustainable development fund

7

8 Inference

9 Bibliography
INTRODUCTION

Sustainable development is broadly defined as , development

which meets the needs of the present without compromising the
ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

The drive for economic growth has resulted in problems such as

environmental degradation and social disparities. Sustainable
development prescribes for a more balanced approach to growth
that progresses development across three underlying pillars: social
inclusion, environmental sustainability and economic prosperity.

The industrial revolution brought about unprecedented

economic growth and many advances such as electricity. Coal has
generally been an affordable source of energy for much of the world,
but it has come at a huge cost to the environment and society. Coal
is a finite resource, which produces harmful greenhouse gases that
have largely contributed to climate change. Which lead to Instability
of Exhaustible Resources
 SUSTANIABLE DEVELOPMENT

Sustainable development is a broad term to describe policies,

projects and investments that provide benefits today without
sacrificing environmental, social and personal health in the future.
These policies are often described as green because they focus on
limiting the impact of development on the environment. However,
the benefits of sustainable development are also felt across a wide
cross section of human health and well-being, including reductions in
pollution- and environment-related disease, improved health
outcomes and decreased stress.
As the threats of climate change become increasingly important,
win-win strategies for mitigation, health improvement and cost
savings offer a range of advantages for various stakeholders. For
example, greener health care operations can generate patient and
worker health benefits while also saving energy, mitigating climate
risks and creating long-term cost savings. The World Health
Organization is committed to pursuing sustainable development in
all its work to help protect the people of tomorrow from the health
growing health risks of today.
 FUNDAMENTAL TRAITS OF SUSTAINABLE
DOVELOPMENT

1. Responsible and efficient use of resources

2. Clean technologies

3. Biodiversity protection

4. Recycling

5. Environmental damage repair

6. Prediction of environmental impacts

8. Ecosystem protection

9. Water care

10.Regional communities

Make up the fundamental traits of Sustainable

development.
 IMPACT OF SUSTAINABLE DOVELOPMENT

Many sustainable development strategies can offer

significant wins for health, climate and the environment, and the
benefits can be seen almost immediately. For example, many
health and development goals can be achieved simultaneously
by tackling air pollution, which is responsible for an estimated 7
million premature deaths annually. Polluting emissions include
powerful short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs)—particularly
black carbon, ozone and methane—which are very harmful to
health but have only brief atmospheric lifetimes.

Transport policies and investments that favour clean public

transport, along with walking and cycling, can have a dramatic
impact on air quality. This can reduce multiple health risks at
the same time, including stroke, heart attack, lung disease and
some cancers. They can also reduce the estimated 1.25 million
deaths annually from traffic injury, while also improving access
to health services, particularly in densely populated areas.

Sustainable development housing policies can further

reduce emissions through considerations such as building siting
and land use, choices of construction materials, design features
and ventilation and energy
 WHO’S RESPONSE

WHO’s work is guided by the Sustainable Development Goals,

particularly Goal 3: “Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at
all ages.” The Goals inform projects and policies across the Organization,
including guidelines on housing, urban development, transportation
systems and health care delivery.

For example, the WHO Housing and health guidelines, first published in
2018, highlight the increasing impact of housing conditions on human
health in light of urban growth, climate and demographic changes. The
guidelines provide Member States, partners and the public with evidence-
based recommendations relevant to inadequate living space (crowding),
low and high indoor temperatures, injury hazards in the home, and
accessibility of housing for people with functional impairments.

The Urban Health Initiative (UHI) also focuses on ways for cities to enable
good health by catalysing effective action on urban air pollution and
short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs)—saving lives by linking health,
environment and sustainable development. WHO also collaborates with
the Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) on the Breathe Life campaign,
which aims to cut air pollution and reduce the 7 million premature deaths
annually that it causes.
HISTORY OF SUSTAINABLE DOVELOPMENT

The concept of sustainable development formed the basis of the

United Nations Conference on Environment and Development held in
Rio de Janeiro in 1992. The summit marked the first international
attempt to draw up action plans and strategies for moving towards a
more sustainable pattern of development. It was attended by over
100 Heads of State and representatives from 178 national
governments. The Summit was also attended by representatives
from a range of other organisations representing civil society.
Sustainable development was the solution to the problems of
environmental degradation discussed by the Brundtland Commission
in the 1987 report Our Common Future.
The remit of the Brundtland Report was to investigate the numerous
concerns that had been raised in previous decades, namely, that
human activity was having severe and negative impacts on the
planet, and that patterns of growth and development would be
unsustainable if they continued unchecked. Key works that
highlighted this thinking included Rachel Carson's Silent Spring
(1962), Garret Hardin's Tragedy of the Commons (1968), the
Blueprint for Survival by the Ecologist magazine (1972) and the Club
of Rome's Limits to Growth report (1972).
 GOALS OF SUSTAINABLE DOVELOPMENT

Goal 1: No Poverty: End poverty in all its forms everywhere.

Goal 2: Zero Hunger: End hunger, achieve food security and improved
nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture.

Goal 3: Good Health and Well-being: Ensure healthy lives and promote
well-being for all at all ages.

Goal 4: Quality Education: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education

and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.

Goal 5: Gender Equality: Achieve gender equality and empower all women
and girls.
Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation: Ensure availability and sustainable
management of water and sanitation for all.

Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy: Ensure access to affordable,

reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all.

Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth: Promote sustained, inclusive

and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent
work for all.

Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure: Build resilient infrastructure,

promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization, and foster innovation.

Goal 10: Reduced Inequality: Reduce inequality within and among countries.

Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities: Make cities and human
settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable.

Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production: Ensure sustainable

consumption and production patterns.

Goal 13: Climate Action: Take urgent action to combat climate change and
its impacts.
Goal 14: Life Below Water: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas,
and marine resources for sustainable development.

Goal 15: Life on Land: Protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of
terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification,
and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.

Goal 16: Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions: Promote peaceful and
inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for
all and build effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels.

Goal 17: Partnerships to Achieve the Goal: Strengthen the means of

implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable
development.
 HOW CAN WE ACHIVE SUSTAINABLE DOVELOPMENT

in 2015, as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) expire and a new

set of goals – the proposed Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) – are
finalized.

United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-moon’s “Synthesis Report,”

outlining the main elements of the post-2015 agenda, provides strong
guidance regarding what sustainable development should look like and
what world leaders must do over the next 15 years to achieve it. After
two years of crafting the “what” of sustainable development, the year
ahead must focus on how to get it done.

The central ambition is bold: the eradication of extreme poverty by 2030.

To make that happen, the SDGs will need to shift away from the
twentieth-century model of development, in which rich countries gave
money to poor countries, mostly to feed the hungry and improve health
and education. The MDGs were remarkably successful in several of these
areas. But the picture has changed significantly since then. A new set of
emerging economies – including China, India, Brazil, and South Africa – is
racing to modernize. The private sector is assuming a greater role in
economic development. And environmental degradation is threatening
the gains of recent decades.

The SDGs will have to transcend the idea of a planet divided starkly
between those who give aid and those who receive it. The new goals
must account for a world undergoing rapid globalization, in which all
countries have assets as well as needs. Today’s challenges go beyond
health, food, and education. The SDGs will have to integrate these
concerns with the demands of the growing global middle class, the effects
of shifting political and economic power, and the challenges of
environmental sustainability, including climate change .
 SUSTAINABLE CITY

A sustainable city reduces environmental impacts

through its activities and promotes sustainable
consumption and production patterns in accordance with
its own territorial, geographical, social, economic and
cultural conditions. It is a city that is resilient to the
impacts of climate change reducing the vulnerabilities of
its population. The perfect sustainable city would be one
that is self-sufficient in energy, manages waste to
produce energy, has more sustainable transport,
maintains green spaces and manages and uses its
natural resources correctly. It would be a city that is built
on the principles of ecology, education and equality.
Below we will analyze the characteristics of sustainable
cities and how you can do your part to achieve a clean
and ecological city.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SUSTAINABLE CITY

1. Environmentally conscious inhabitants:

A sustainable city can only exist when its inhabitants are
committed to changing their old habits for new ones that
are less harmful to the environment. There would be no
point in taking actions to promote recycling, investing in
new energy and technologies if the people themselves do
not intend to readjust their habits to contribute to and
adopt these changes. Sustainable cities need citizens
who are committed to the cause, who are
environmentally aware and whose lifestyles can identify
with environmentally conscious actions.
2.Regenerating and preserving natural spaces:
The renewal of public spaces is necessary. This implies
the adaptation of urban space in general; a sustainable
city provides green spaces that are larger, more
comfortable and integrated into cities, never isolated.
The planning of cities nowadays incorporates these
spaces, providing a healthier air for citizens that can
avoid exposure to high levels of pollution.

3. Mainly local city economy

Sustainable cities also encourage models that encourage
local purchasing and networks of productive,
environmentally friendly people. By creating sustainable
productive systems and new jobs to ensure that
everyone in the city has access to resources and a
fulfilling life, the economy becomes stronger. By
supporting local trade we also reduce CO2 emissions
generated by transport.

4. Renewable energy techniques

Technological advances have created the possibility of
using new renewable energy sources. They have made it
possible to supply our energy consumption with cleaner
and less polluting energies than those we used
previously. In the same way, electric vehicles are also a
great contribution and a great alternative to the polluting
traditional ways of transport. This is why we must
encourage both large companies and individual citizens
to use these alternative energies
5. The three R’s: reduce, reuse, recycle
Actions should be developed to promote the importance
of recycling and responsible consumption, thus avoiding
the excessive abuse of natural resources. From your
home, your family and you can help, contribute and
encourage the implementation of these actions that will
ultimately be of great benefit to society as a whole. In
any case, counting with the involvement and willingness
of all citizens will mean being able to have more
sustainable, cleaner and more environmentally friendly
cities. Small actions will mean a lot for society and at we
know this and we put it into practice, what about you?
Don’t you want to join the sustainable development
journey? If you need more information, do not hesitate to
contact us. We will help you to create your sustainable
city.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FUND

Who can apply to the fund?
To be eligible for funding, your project must benefit communities that lie wholly
within the Dumfries and Galloway local authority area. You don’t need to be a
registered charity to apply, but your organisation must have a constitution and
not be set up for individual profit.

What is the fund value and timescale?

In this round the fund is worth a total of £100,000. You can
apply for funding from £10,000 up

What are the aims of the fund?

The fund is to be used to provide support for strategic projects
in the Dumfries and Galloway region and any successful
application must meet one or more of the following outcomes:
 Creating opportunities: Create opportunities for
education and employment through activities that develop
skills and improve an individual’s chance of entering the
workplace.
 Empowering communities: Empower communities to
become more resilient through measures which
demonstrate long-term social, environmental or economic
improvements.
 Sustainable places: Stimulate meaningful regeneration to
improve or enhance local infrastructure, landscape,
biodiversity or heritage and make a lasting difference to the
places we live, work and visit.

For this round of the fund the panel have an interest in

projects which will enhance the local economy as
communities recover from the coronavirus pandemic e.g.
establishing an apprenticeship scheme, supporting micro social
businesses or projects which generate income to provide
communities with long term revenue streams.
Successful projects will have the potential to make a significant
and sustainable difference to people within the region.
CASE STUDY’S ABOUT SUSTAINABLE
DOVELOPMENTAL GOALS

Country: London Borough of Camden, UK

Aim: To achieve an efficient, equitable and safe transport system which
improves the quality of life of people living within the local authority by
reducing traffic on the roads and supports air quality targets.
Promoting healthy life styles - ‘Green transport plans’ are developed jointly
with the private sector and schools that ensure local transport needs are met,
along with reduced car use and promotion of walking, cycling, public transport,
and use of electric or gas vehicles
. The transport strategy establishes ‘Clear Zones’ which will be ‘low emission’
areas that prioritize car-free lifestyles via walking, cycling and public transport
to promote healthier living, Awareness raising - The authority celebrates the
international car-free day which promotes greater understanding and
awareness of the impacts of transport. It also holds other promotional
campaigns and events such as ‘Don’t Choke Camden’ day.

Country: Government of Uganda

Aim: Solar drying of crops without the disadvantages of leaving crop vulnerable
to rain and pests
• Long-term storage of crop for home use and export
• Development of income for women Crops in Africa have traditionally been
solar dried in order to preserve them.
However, crops left outdoors are vulnerable to pests and need someone
to guard them. Rural women's groups were more interested in solar dryers for
income generation than for food. The “Fruits of the Nile” company was formed
in 1992 to link rural producers with the market for dried fruit in Europe. Within
three years, more than 50 women’s groups had taken up the solar drier
technology, and in 1995, the company exported more than 40 tons of dried
fruit. The dried fruit is produced by the women’s groups and transported to a
central collection point in Kampala. Produce is then inspected for quality and
exported to a marketing group in the UK
Country: Government of India
Aim: Improving technical efficiency of Chinese Coal Power Plants.
 Providing know-how on energy efficiency and potentials for energy savings in
power plant operation
 Reducing greenhouse-gas emissions in China Over the last twenty years,
electricity production in China has risen at a rate of 9% per year. Given the rapid
economic growth, demand for energy in China will continue to increase. By
providing technical and financial assistance, the energy efficiency of Chinese
coal-fired power plants has been improved. Operators were able to achieve
substantial economic savings. In addition, CO2 emissions have decreased
INFERENCE

it can be said that sustainable development brings out

stability in the requirements of the environment. It makes the
resources available for use for the future generations.
Sustainable development is an amazing way to conserve the
resources provided by nature. This can be achieved by using
eco- friendly resources and technologies that will have no serious
impact on the environment. The resources that are available to us
shall be used in a sustainable manner so that they do not
become extinct for the usage of future generations.
BIBILOGRAPHY

 https://www.who.int/health-topics/sustainable-
development#tab=tab_3
 https://crgsoft.com/10-characteristics-of-sustainable-
development/
 https://www.sd-commission.org.uk/pages/history_sd.html
 https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/
sustainable-development-goals
 https://www.netexplanations.com/essay-on-sustainable-
development/
 https://www.sdg4education2030.org/the-goal
 https://www.undp.org/blog/financial-integrity-achieve-
sdgs
 https://www.monash.edu/msdi/about/sustainable-
development/what-is-it
 https://globalrecycle.net/what-is-the-main-goal-of-
sustainable-development/