exp 2 diode testing

Laboratory Manual
for
Electronics Fundamentals Lab
Prepared by Eng. Mohummed abo khdair
Experiment no.2 (Diode Testing)

Practical Task Guide
BASIC PRACTICAL TRAINING LOGBOOK
Student Name Starting Date

Student Number Finishing Date
Category / Subcategory B1.1 Total Duration in Days
Module/ Sub module MOD 4 Total Duration in Hours 2
Task SUB- Instructor / Assessor and

Reference AMM/ CMM or
Index DESCRIPTION OF TASK MODULE Dates Duration Company
other applicable
No. Reference Name & Signature
Heath – Kit
Text book
Use test meter to check the DIODE Lab Text Book-
11 module (4)- 2 HOURS
Characteristics (EB-6103-71)
CH.1
(PAGE-29-36)
Practical Task Guide
- Given: AVIONICS WORKSHOP. (#-1)
-Standard: The student will be able to use the multimeter to test the semiconductor diode characteristics with safety precautions.
-References: HEATHKIT-LAB TEXT BOOK (EB-6103-71). - (page 29-36).
-Equipment and Tools needed:
*-Digital – Multimeter, Heath kit –trainer system.
1- ETW 3600 ANALOG TRAINER

2- ETW-3567 ACCSSORY BACKPACK
3- ETB-6103
4- CIRCUIT BOARD # 1
5- RED JUMPER WIRE
6- WHITE JUPER WIRE
7- BLACK JUPER WIRE
8- GREEN JUMBER WIRE
-Supplies and Materials needed: Different colors wire jumpers
Safety precautions:
 Don't use a meter with a cracked housing or probes with bare wires showing.
 Never use the ohm setting on a multimeter on live voltage. You will damage the meter.
 Use a voltage probe or test light if you just want to check if a circuit is live.
 Extreme care is required in using the ammeter function of any multimeter. If you attempt to use the multimeter as a voltmeter when it has
been left in the ammeter function, the internal fuse will be destroyed!
 A complete circuit is needed before electric current will flow, a convenient feature for working safely with laboratory circuitry. If you do
not plug in the power supply or turn it on, you can work on most circuits without fear of being shocked. Therefore, when setting up a
circuit, turning on the power should be the last step, and turning off the power is the first step before touching or changing any section of
the circuit.
 Another safety guideline is to always work with one hand behind your back or safely out of the way; i.e., do not use both hands for
wiring. Damaging current flow through your upper chest may result if your body serves to complete a circuit between your right and left
hands. Most death by electrocution is caused by fibrillation, disruption of the body's nerve signals controlling rhythmic beating of the
heart, induced by modest current flow through the chest area.
 Analogue meters (containing moving needles) must be used very carefully. The meter has an overall low resistance so as not to affect the
circuit in which it is placed. An ammeter connected in parallel may draw a large current and be ruined.
 The meter must be placed with its negative (black) terminal connected to the low voltage side of the circuit and the positive (red)
terminal to the high voltage side
 A meter should always be set to its highest possible reading when first connected in the circuit. If the needle does not deflect enough to
make an accurate measurement, select a lower value in the current range. (Digital multimeters are not as sensitive to incorrect hook-up as
are analogue meters.)
Student Performance / Procedures: As Per Attached – Heath Kit Lab Book *(EB-6103-71). - (pages- 29-36) *
INTRODUCTION
NOTE - *Digital millimeters can test diodes using one of two methods:
Diode Test mode: almost always the best approach.
1. Resistance mode: typically used only if a multimeter is not equipped with a Diode Test mode.
Note:- In some cases it may be necessary to remove one end of the diode from the circuit in order to test the diode.
*Things to know about the Resistance mode when testing diodes:
 Does not always indicate whether a diode is good or bad.
 Should not be taken when a diode is connected in a circuit since it can produce a false reading.
 CAN be used to verify a diode is bad in a specific application after a Diode Test indicates a diode is bad.
A diode is best tested by measuring the voltage drop across the diode when it is forward-biased. A forward-biased diode acts as a closed switch,
permitting current to flow.
A millimeter’s Diode Test mode produces a small voltage between test leads. The multimeter then displays the voltage drop when the test leads
are connected across a diode when forward-biased. The Diode Test procedure is conducted as follows:
1. Make certain a) all power to the circuit is OFF and b) no voltage exists at the diode. Voltage may be present in the circuit due to charged
capacitors. If so, the capacitors need to be discharged. Set the multimeter to measure ac or dc voltage as required.
2. Turn the dial (rotary switch) to Diode Test mode ( ). It may share a space on the dial with another function.
3. Connect the test leads to the diode. Record the measurement displayed.
4. Reverse the test leads. Record the measurement displayed.
*Diode test analysis*
 A good forward-based diode displays a voltage drop ranging from 0.5 to 0.8 volts for the most commonly used silicon diodes. Some
germanium diodes have a voltage drop ranging from 0.2 to 0.3 V.
 The multimeter displays OL when a good diode is reverse-biased. The OL reading indicates the diode is functioning as an open switch.
 A bad (opened) diode does not allow current to flow in either direction. A multimeter will display OL in both directions when the diode is
opened.
 A shorted diode has the same voltage drop reading (approximately 0.4 V) in both directions.
A multimeter set to the Resistance mode (Ω) can be used as an additional diode test or, as mentioned previously, if a multimeter does not include
the Diode Test mode.
*A diode is forward-biased when the positive (red) test lead is on the anode and the negative (black) test lead is on the cathode.
 The forward-biased resistance of a good diode should range from 1000 Ω to 10 MΩ.
 The resistance measurement is high when the diode is forward-biased because current from the multimeter flows through the diode, causing the
high-resistance measurement required for testing.
A diode is reverse-biased when the positive (red) test lead is on the cathode and the negative (black) test lead is on the anode.
 The reverse-biased resistance of a good diode displays OL on a multimeter. The diode is bad if readings are the same in both directions.
*The resistance mode procedure is conducted as follows:

1. Make certain a) all power to the circuit is OFF and b) no voltage exists at the diode. Voltage may be present in the circuit due to charged
capacitors. If so, the capacitors need to be discharged. Set the multimeter to measure ac or dc voltage as required.
2. Turn the dial to Resistance mode (Ω). It may share a space on the dial with another function.
3. Connect the test leads to the diode after it has been removed from the circuit. Record the measurement displayed.
4. Reverse the test leads. Record the measurement displayed.
5. For best results when using the Resistance mode to test diodes, compare the readings taken with a known good diode.

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Laboratory Manual

Prepared by Eng. Mohummed abo khdair

Experiment no.2 (Diode Testing)

BASIC PRACTICAL TRAINING LOGBOOK

Student Name Starting Date

Task SUB- Instructor / Assessor and

1- ETW 3600 ANALOG TRAINER

-Supplies and Materials needed: Different colors wire jumpers

*The resistance mode procedure is conducted as follows:

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