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physics class 10 formula sheet

Very goodbbbbbvccggh

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setiasamarth542
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Page | 2 Physics Formula guide for ICSE standard 10 How to solve a problem in Physics 1. Read the problem at least twice 2. Write down what is given in the problem 3. Draw a diagram Ensure to draw the direction in case of ray diagrams and different forces. Simplify your answer Don't forget to write the units Important terms and their units Write down the farmulae that will help yau to solve the problem Solve the problem by proper substitution. Term Deseript Stunt Length Meters m ‘Mass Kilo gram kg Time Seconds s Force Newton , CGS unit Dyne W Force Slunit to C63 unit conversian N= 10" dynes Velocity Meters per second m/s ‘Acceleration Meters per second squared m/s" Moment of farce In $1 Units its Newton meter Nm Moment of force In CGS Units its dyne centimeter dyne em Remember Nm = 10" dyne cm Lkgf Xm = 9.8Nm_ 1g X cm = 980 dyne cm Work 1 joule = Inewton X1 meter Toule Remember Joule =10" erg Power LJoule/ second Watt: Remember 1W=1)s'= 10" ergs* LHP = 746 W = 0.746 kW Energy Ljoule = 1 newton XJ meter Joule Electrical Energy is expressed as Kilowatt hour Energy of sub atomic particles leV=16X10") Electron volt (ew) Machines Mechanical advantage, Velocity ratio | Unit less Wavelength Symbol k m Frequency Herts He Current ‘Amphers A Voltage Volts v Resistance ‘ohms o Author Srikanth KS All rights reserved Page2 Page | 4| Physics Formula guide for ICSE standard 10 gravity Unit of work W= FS =I joule=IN* 1m Kilo joules = 1000 Joules CGS Unit of work ‘Lerg = Ldyne x lem Unit of power ‘and average speed Conversion of loules to | 1 Joule= 10" erg IN= 10" dyne and Im = 10" em ei tJoule = 10°% 10'=107 erg Power The rate of doing works called Pama power ¢ Power is also the produet of foree Fes 'SIUnit of power is Watts Wace = S= Is pa arKy ‘Conversion of SI unit to CGS Units 1Watt = JS" =107 ergs S* ‘LHP = 746 W = 0.746 kW Enerey “The energy ofa bodys the ability to dowork Unit of energy Watt hour = i wattx 1 hour = 1j8""X 3600 s= 3.640 Tkilowatt hour =36X 10%) Heat enerey Heat energy is usually measured in calorie. 1 Calorie of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1g of water from 14.5" Cto 15.5" c Relationship of Calorie and Joule 1 = 0.24 Calorie 1Calorie = 4.18 Joute kilo Calorie = 4180 Joule Electron volt “The Energy of atomic partici is very ‘small. it is measured in terms of electron volt (eV) JeV= 16X10) Different forms of energy Kinetic energy “The energy processed by a body by virtue of its state of motion The kinetic energy possessed by a moving body can be measured as the amount of ‘work which the moving bedy ean perform before it comes to rest Measurement of K=ime kinetic energy * Relationship between K mv! momentum and kinetic | — my where p is the momentum ‘energy : p= vamk) ? okae Work energy theorem | Work dene by a foree on.a moving body is equal to the increase in kinetic energy. Author Srikanth KS All rights reserved Page 4 Page | 5| Physics Formula guide for ICSE standard 10 Proof W=FXS v? —u? = 2as from the equation of motion On Simplification s 2a a w ; max(- Z a W => (mv?) — 5 (mu? perv) — 5 (me) W = Kf— ki ‘Types of Kinetic energy | Translational kinetic energy Car moving in a straight path Free faling object Rotational netic energy Spinning top ‘Vibrational kinetic energy. Movement to and fro from ‘mean position example plucking a guitar string Potential energy Energy possessed by a body at rest Forms of potential energy ‘Mechanical potential energy 1. Gravitational potential energy 2. Elastic potential energy ‘Gravitational potential energy U= mgh Conservation of energy and energy degradation Energy degradation | The gradual decrease of useful eneray due to radiation loss, frictional loss ete is called degradation of energy Law of conservation of | Energy can neither be created or energy destroyed Chapter 3 Machines 3.1 Formula and quick reference card: Toad ‘The resistive or oppasive force to be avercome by a machine is called load Effort The force applied on the machine to avercome the load is called Effort Mechanical Advantage Ratio of Load to effort Mechanical Advantage MA | aya = 2040 Epon 6 Velocity Ratio VR eloelty of ef Tort VE The ratio of the velocity of Vaacliy Of ADA effort to the velocity of load Velocity of Load vee duis the distance moved by f the Load in time t Velocity of Effort Ves d6/t dhis the distance moved by ‘Author Srikanth KS All rights reserved Page S Page | 6| Physics Formula guide for ICSE standard 10 the Effort Intime t Velocity Ratio VR Vi= aL dE Note velocity ratio has no unit asit’sa ratio Work input The work dane on the machine by the effort Wark Output The work dane by the machine on the load Efficiency {n) The ratio of the useful work done by the | Efficiency (n) machine to the wark put into the =Work Output/Work Input machine by the effort Ideal machine ‘A machine in which there is no loss of | The efficiency of an ideal ‘energy in any manner machine is 100% ‘Actual Machine ‘An actual machine has an efficiency always less than 100% because the moving parts are neither weightless or frictionless Strings are not perfectly elastic and the different parts are not rigid Relationship between efficiency mechanical advantage and, velocity ratio MA=VRK ‘lass 3 Lever Fulerum is inbetween the effort and | See Saw, Plier, exow bar, load Effort and Load are inthe same | scissors direction Maan be <1 = 1or>1 yet ‘lass 2 Lever Mechanical advantage ofthe levers | Bottle opener, Nut cracker always> 1 Class 3 Lever Effort isin between the fulcrum and the | Sugar tongs, Knife spade load MA is always< 1 3.2 Inclined plane and gear Inclined plane ‘A sloping surface that behaves like a simple machine whose (MA always greater than 18 Author Srikanth KS All rights reserved Page 6 Physics Formula guide for ICSE standard 10 MA and VR of an inclined plane | va =Ma= = Thisis true in the absence of friction i Gear ‘A wheel with teeth around its fim ‘Gear Ratio Gear Ra ‘Where Nais the number of teeth in the driving and Nb is the number of teeth Page | 7| in the driven Relationship between number of teeth, radius and the speed of rotation Pulley Single Fixed Pulley ‘A pulley which has its axis of| rotation fixed in position is called fixed pulley toad _t MA Fiport 7 Tension Load Single Movable pulley Appulley whose axis of rotation is not fixed in E position is called a movable . pulley. Iti also called as 3 i é force multiplier MA pron = EE ‘Author Srikanth KS All rights reserved Page 7 Physics Formula guide for ICSE standard 10 Combination Pulleys Page | 8| ‘ne fixed and other movable Pulley’s MA=WR= 2" when it passes from one transparent ‘medium to another transparent ‘medium T34NT3. E 2 Ty] a Block and Tackle pulley Ten Chapter 4 Refraction of Light Refraction of Light Change in direction ofthe path of ight | Use Nova) Retlected Ray Refrocted Ray Refractive Index Sin ~ Speed of light in medium ead oy ight in media T Refraction of Light through a prism Smells Taw Prism ‘A transparent refracting medium bounded by S surface inclined at the same angle ‘Author Srikanth KS All rights reserved Pages Page | 9 Physics Formula guide for ICSE standard 10 see amp ote te a 8 some 1 to Visible Light wavelength (maton) "Il ar ||P foes] ww 500 on 700 780 Manometers oe) Chapter 5 Refraction of Light through a Lens Lens ‘Airansparent refracting medium bounded by two curved surface which are generally spherical Convex lens or converging lens Thicker in the middle and thinner in the periphery Plana Convex Concave lens Thicker in the periphery and thinner in the middle on Bicencave Pinna Concave Convexo Concave Chapter 7 Sound Longitudinal waves ‘The vibration of the medium is along the direction of propagation ‘Author Srikanth KS All rights reserved Page 9 Physics Formula guide for ICSE standard 10 They can travel in solids liquids or gases Transverse wave The vibration of the medium is perpendicular to the direction of propagal ‘They can only travel in solids or liquids Echo The sound heard after reflection froma distant obstacle after the original sound has ceased is called an echo. ‘An echo is heard only ifthe distance between the person producing the sound Page | 10 al ‘and the rigid obstacle is long enough to allow the reflected sound to reach the person at least 0.1 second later Distance Date Relations between Veth velocity and frequency Frequency of vibration ThE) quency EW Chapter 8 Current electricity 8,1 Formula and quick reference card: ‘Current Rate of flow of charge / = © Unit of current ampere = 1CS* Unit of charge Coulomb Flow of current In electrons pass through a cross section of a conductor in time t, then the tatal charge passed through the conductor is given as Q=nke nXe [ea Potential Direction of flow of charge when two conductors are placed in contact. Potential at @ point tis the amount of work done in A dinging a unit positive charge fron, ee +e infinity to that point Potential at a paint yi@ Q Potential difference Pd between two pointsis the work done in moving a unit positive charge from one point to the other Resistance and its relation nal with length and area of cross « section ‘Ohms law Current flowingin a conductor is TR direetly proportional to the potential difference across its ends provided ‘Author Srikanth KS All rights reserved Page 10 Page | 11 Physics Formula guide for ICSE standard 10 the physical conditions and the temperature of the conductor ‘remain constant ‘Specific resistance or resistivity T R=p~ Where 0 is the specific resistance 8.2 Electro-Motive force, Terminal voltage and internal resistance ofa cell Electra mative fore (em) When no currents drawn from a eel that isthe cell is open, the potential difference between the terminal a the cellis called electro mative farce (e) The EMF of callis defined as the energy. spent per unit charge intaking 3 positive charge around the complete circuit, Terminal voltage of @ cell When currents drawn from a.cell when the cell isin closed circuit, The potential difference between the electrodes is called terminal voltage we ao Voltage drop in a cell e =ViworV=e-v Representation of a

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