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    End of Term Test

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    End of Term Test

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    End of Term Test

    Uploaded by

    Richard Mvula

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    The Copperbelt University

    School of Engineering
    [BEng (Hons)] in Aeronautical Engineering

    EA 451: CONTROL AND FLIGHT DYNAMICS

    TERM 1 TEST 22nd February 2019 2HRS

    Examiner: Eng. Emmanuel Zingapeta Phone No: +260 964 190 782
    Contact details: Mechanical Department (SE) Email: emmanuel.zingapeta@cbu.ac.zm or
    Office No 18 (New Offices Behind Dict.) nuzety@yahoo.com

    Instructions to Candidates:

     This is a closed book examination; there are 12 pages, including this one. Read all
    questions carefully and make sure you understand the facts before you begin answering.

     Every answer booklet MUST include the Course Code and S/N.

     This paper has FOUR (4) Questions. Answer all Questions and pay attention to words
    in bold.

     There is no extra time or materials provided. Any form of cheating shall not be tolerated
    and may lead to immediate dismissal from the exam!

    Total: 60 marks

    EA 451: 22 Feb. 19 Page 1 of 3


    QUESTION 1: [20 Marks]

    a) Derive an expression for variation of pressure in the lower and upper stratosphere. [8]

    b) Write short notes on:

    i. The International standard atmosphere for troposphere & stratosphere. [4]


    ii. Various types of airplane drag. [4]

    c) Define the following:

    i. Geometric and Geopotential altitudes [1]


    ii. Pressure altitude [1]
    iii. Temperature altitude [1]
    iv. Density altitude [1]

    QUESTION 2: [15 Marks]

    (a) Calculate the standard atmosphere values of temperature, pressure, density and Mach
    number at a geopotential altitude of 18 km. Express your answers as ratios of the sea level
    values and state all the assumptions made. [9]

    (b) An aircraft is equipped with a wing of symmetrical airfoils. The lift curve slope of the total
    aircraft is estimated to be:

    𝝏𝑪𝑳 𝟏
    = 𝟎. 𝟖 ∗ 𝟐𝝅 𝒓𝒂𝒅.
    𝝏𝜶

    The stall angle of attack (AOA) is 120. Given that the wing area is 16m2, g = g0 and the
    density is 𝜌 = 𝜌0 .

    1) What is the aircraft’s mass during a flight on which a stall speed of 92.6km/h was
    observed? [4]

    2) Compare and comment the change in aircraft’s mass if the same aircraft is cruising
    at an altitude of 18km and at the same speed. NB: g = g0 and 𝝆 = 𝝆𝟏𝟖 [2]

    EA 451: 22 Feb. 19 Page 2 of 3


    QUESTION 3: [15 Marks]

    (a) Name the airplane components marked A to E in figure 1. [3]

    D
    B
    A
    C

    Figure 1: The airplane components of a convectional airplane

    (b) The cruising altitudes of subsonic and supersonic aircraft are 12 km and 20 km respectively.
    What is the relative difference in air density between these two altitudes? [6]

    (c) The temperature from sea level to 9.14 km is found to decrease in a linear manner with
    respect to the altitude. On a certain particular day, the temperature and pressure at sea level
    are measured to be 4.44oC and 98 154.35 N/m2, respectively. If the temperature at 9.14
    km is -51.11oC. Find the pressure and density at 6.10 km. [6]

    QUESTION 4: [20 Marks]

    (a) At 12 km in the standard atmosphere, the pressure, density, and temperature


    are 1.9399 x 104 N/m2, 3.1194 x 10-1 kg/m3, and 216.66 K, respectively. Using
    these values, calculate the standard atmospheric values of pressure, density, and
    temperature at an altitude of 16 km. [5]

    (b) The atmosphere of Jupiter is essentially made up of hydrogen, H2. For H2 the
    specific gas constant is 4157 J/(kg)(K). The acceleration of gravity of Jupiter is
    24.9 m/s2. Assuming an isothermal atmosphere with a temperature of 150 K and
    assuming that Jupiter has a definable surface, calculate the altitude above that
    surface where the pressure is one-half the surface pressure. [5]

    EA 451: 22 Feb. 19 Page 3 of 3

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