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Comments/Suggestions/Questions
Name: HAILESLASSIE GEBREMEDHIN ABRHA

Title of thesis: DESIGN OF FUZZY LOGIC BASED CONTROLLED SPACE VECTOR
MODULATION ON DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL OF INDUCTION MOTOR FOR ELECTRIC
VEHICLE APPLICATION (CASE STUDY: BAJAJ QUTE)
Abstract
“….The objective of this study is to improve the performance and efficiency of the motor drive system in
electric vehicles…..”
Q) What is the existing performance and efficiency of the proposed vehicle?
 Because improvement of these parameters is mentioned as the objective of the thesis. Otherwise, you
have to modify, the title, abstract, objectives, statement of the problem and elsewhere necessary.
“…The literature review cover topics such as electric vehicle, traction motors, and speed control techniques
for induction motors. The theoretical background and methodology involve the use of tools for simulation
and modeling, as well as the construction and operation principles of the squirrel cage induction motor, and
batteries. The thesis also discusses the voltage source inverter, space vector pulse width modulation, and the
direct torque control of the induction motor….”
This part is not necessary to be mentioned here at the abstract part.
Abstract of a thesis should clearly show the following mandatory elements:
 The problem
 The methodology
 The results
 The conclusion.
These are mandatory elements to be presented in the abstract part clearly.
In your case the problem is not clearly presented. Please revise it accordingly.
Q) What is main purpose of the FLC?
Q) Is it for the speed control or switching table or both?
 It should be clearly presented in the abstract part. Please revise it accordingly.
“….In this thesis the results for stator current can be reduced by 0.61% THD using FLC at 10 milliseconds
with 8Nm of load compared to DTC….”
Q) Is the comparison without any controller?
Or compared with the hysteresis controller?
Or some kind of PID controller from literature. If so please, how much was it before FLC?
 Please, make it clear.
“….The simulation result demonstrates the advantages of the suggested controllers in reducing torque and
flux ripple in the event of unexpected load variations…..”
Q) Efficiency improvement is the objective of the thesis. How could you relate the efficiency improvement
in relation to torque and flux ripple reduction?
Q) Is the objective to reduce ripple?
 Please, revise it.
“……Generally, the simulation results indicate that the motor speed response is more robust and reached
reference value more quickly when fuzzy speed controller is added.”
Q) How much was the settling time before apply fuzzy logic controller?
 The controller used for performance comparison of the proposed controller should be clearly
presented here at the abstract part.
1.1 Background
“A vehicle classified as an electric vehicle (EV) operates by one or more electric motors that run on
electricity either externally supplied by a charging station or stored in batteries…..”
Q) What does it mean?
Q) Do you mean that the batter that cannot be charged can be used for EV?
 There are a number of sentences that need grammatical revision.
Page-4
In recent decades, fuzzy logic control has been found widely applicable, overcoming these disadvantages.
The advantage of FLC in EV IM control is;
 Enhanced Performance: When compared to conventional control techniques, FLC can offer quicker
reaction times, more stability, and greater efficiency.
 Lower Costs: FLC can cut costs by simplifying the control system and doing away with the need for
pricey sensors, which lowers the cost of hardware.
 Ease of Implementation: FLC algorithms are adaptable to various motor types and operating
conditions and are comparatively easy to implement.
Q) What does quick reaction time mean?
Q) What are the criterions to measure speed of the response using fuzzy logic?
Q) Ease is implementation. Do you mean compared to a conventional controller?
 A simple PID (conventional) controller can have easy implementation feature than FLC.
 Using PID controller can give quicker response than using FLC. Please revise it and put appropriate
citation.
1.2 Statement of the Problem

“The problem addressed in this thesis is the need for an efficient and accurate control strategy for the direct
torque control (DTC) of induction motors in electric vehicle (EV) applications… Traditional control methods
for induction motors may not provide optimal performance and may be limited in terms of torque and flux
control accuracy...”.
Q) Is accuracy relative here in your context?
Q) If not what does accuracy in your context? How could you quantify it?
Q) What are traditional controllers?
 Please, clearly describe.
Q) What is the problem you have tried to solve?
Q) How could you quantify the problem?
Q) Where is the problem?
Q) What is the significance of solving the problem?
Important concepts to be clearly seen in statement of the problem sub-section:
 The problem
 The magnitude of the problem
 Location of the problem
 Significance of solving the problem
No need to describe the methodology here in the statement of the problem sub-scion/
You can re-organize the following concepts by which the sub-section can be meaningful.
Toque and flux ripple reduction of an induction motor…IM are rugged in construction and low cost.
However, they suffer relatively increased torque and flux ripple compared to PMSM and BLDCM when
applied to electric vehicle application. Reducing the torque and flux ripple magnitudes using appropriate
technique can reduce the THD..by which the overall performance of the EV using IM..can be improved.
1.3.1 General Objective
The general objective of this thesis is to design of fuzzy logic-based space vector modulation on direct torque
control of induction motor for electric vehicle application (case study: Bajaj Qute).
Abstract part
“….The objective of this study is to improve the performance and efficiency of the motor drive system in
electric vehicles…..”
 These two concepts should reflect same concept. Please revise it.
1.3.2 Specific Objective
The second objective

Q) Is it to formulate/design FLC controller for SVM….?
Q) How could to do evaluation without designing the controller?
Q) Is it for the speed control or switching table or both?
 If not please, clearly present the specific objectives for each task of FLC.
1.4 Methodology
Figure 1.1 Flow chart of thesis methodology

Q) What is the speed control algorithm?
If the speed controller is FLC, it needs clear presentation. Otherwise, it will not give appropriate meaning.
Q) The block “Output FLC” is a decision block. What does it mean?
Q) Do you mean that FLC can iterate a number of times till some kind of convergence criterion is achieved?
Q) What is that criterion to be achieved?
 Please!! Revise it!!!
Cha-2 Literature Review
2.2 Related Works to IM Control methods of EVs.
“Nouria et al., (2021) presented the Improved DTC strategy of an electric vehicle with four-wheel induction
motor drive 4WDEV using a fuzzy logic control traction motor system to increase stability and speed
response…….Nevertheless, the cost of electric cars increases due to the incorporation of four induction
motors into the wheels [8].”
Q) Is cost your objective?
 One of the main purposes of reviewing related works is to clearly show the research gap so that you
can try to solve this gap.
 Try to revise the related works part by showing the research gap related to the main objective you
have planned to address.
 At this state, the main focus of your thesis is not clear and the revision should be done after revising
the above mentioned revisions.
 If square brace for citation (numerical approach) is used, no need to mention the author and date
during reviewing related works. Use only when mandatory.
2.3 Summary of literatures reviewed and research gap

Table 2.1: Research gap
Look at “Mengesha, D. M. (2018)..” has research gap of “switching state not fast and ripple due to use only
fuzzy duty ratio controller”
Q) What does slow switching state mean?
Q) What was the expected switching state?
Q) What does “due to only fuzzy duty ratio controller” mean?
Q) How could you identify/get this gap?
You can get the research gap:

 Genuine authors will include it as further research.
 Some researchers can include it at the discussions of results sub-section.
 Some researchers can mention it at the abstract part or at the conclusion part.
 You can identify it if you have some kind of standard or benchmark value.
 You can even identify even what has not been done.
At this state, it is not acceptable. Please, revise all accordingly.
Cha-3
 A number of paragraphs without any citation.
3.7 Dynamic Model of IM
?? ?? ?? ??
3.8 Speed Control techniques of induction motor

?? ?? ?? ??
3.9 Voltage Source Inverter

?? ?? ?? ??
3.10 Direct torque control of Induction Motor

?? ?? ?? ??
 Almost all the paragraphs without any appropriate citation.

 There is unnecessary inclusion of theories may be from textbooks.
 You should re-phrase and put appropriate citation.
Cha-4: Controller design and simulation results

4.2 Dynamic Models of IM and simulations
Q) Do you mean MATLAB/Simulink model of ….?
Please, revise it.
4.4 control design Space vector pulse width modulation

Q) Do you mean MATLAB/Simulink model of ….?
 Please, revise it.
4.5 Design and Simulation of fuzzy logic controller

Table 4.1: Fuzzy base rules of the torque output
Q) For error in speed “NS” and change in error in speed “PS”. The torque output is “ZO”. What does this
mean?
Q) What is the physical meaning related to the EV performance?
Q) Why 49 rules? Why not 25?
Q) What is the computation requirement if practically implemented?
Q) How could a FLC can have quick response compared to a conventional (PID) controller for the same
application?
 Because, a simple PI controller can do this task and even it has quicker response than FLC based
controller.
 Please revise it.
Figure 4.7 Fuzzy logic membership functions of speed error fuzzification
Figure 4.8 Fuzzy membership functions of change of speed error fuzzification
Figure 4.9 Fuzzy membership functions of output fuzzification

Q) In these figures, there are input ranges between 0 and 120 for speed and change in speed. How could set
this value?
Page-74
Figure 4.13 Simulink design of SVM-based DTC with FLC controllers

Q) Where is the connection between FLC and DTC calculation block and SVPWM?
Somewhere in cha-3, I have seen this block diagram of FLC DTC IM
Figure 3.17 Fuzzy-based DTC control of induction motor [46]

Q) Is it the proposed system to be implemented?
 If not show me the proposed block diagram for implementation and explain each block.
Cha-5 Results and discussions

 The results are not clear.
 The corresponding discussions are not enough and needs revisions.
5.4 Simulation results of IM with fuzzy logic controller
“Rotor speed must be able to attain and hold the 8Nm reference torque value with the least amount of
delay….Then decrease to 182.5rpm of the minimum value at 0.1sec and the average rotor speed value results
to 183rpm at 0.09sec. Therefore the over shoot rotor speed value is results 0.016rpm…”
Q) How much is the minimum delay required?
Q) What is the required delay from the manufacturer data sheet?
“….When the load torque changes to 15Nm then rotor speed is decrease to 182rpm at 0.07sec and maintains
constant at 182 rpm after 0.07sec and then the load torque changes to 20Nm at 1.4sec then the speed of the
rotor is becomes simultaneously running at 182rpm. Therefore the load torque increases the induction motor
needs to generate a higher electromagnetic torque to maintain equilibrium shown in figure 5.21….”
Q) How much is the design limit?
 You should show the dynamic performance of the complete system for sudden changes in load torque
during steady-state running condition.
6.1 Conclusion
Paragraph-2
“The simulation results and discussions demonstrated the effectiveness of the fuzzy logic controller (FLC) in
improving motor control…..”
Q) How could you measure the effectiveness of the proposed controller?
Q) What are the required performance measuring requirements and their values to be achieved?
In summary
• The main objective of the thesis is not clear.
• The switching state determination is not known.
• The purpose of FLC is not clearly addressed in abstract, objective (s), statement of the problem,…
• There is no clear performance evaluation criterions set for the proposed controller.
• The methodology sub-section is not clear.
• The review of related section needs major revision.
• The controller design procedure is not clear and needs major revision.
• The thesis needs major revision as per the comments given.

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Name: HAILESLASSIE GEBREMEDHIN ABRHA

1.2 Statement of the Problem

The second objective

Figure 1.1 Flow chart of thesis methodology

2.3 Summary of literatures reviewed and research gap

You can get the research gap:

3.8 Speed Control techniques of induction motor

3.9 Voltage Source Inverter

3.10 Direct torque control of Induction Motor

 Almost all the paragraphs without any appropriate citation.

Cha-4: Controller design and simulation results

4.4 control design Space vector pulse width modulation

4.5 Design and Simulation of fuzzy logic controller

Figure 4.7 Fuzzy logic membership functions of speed error fuzzification

Figure 4.8 Fuzzy membership functions of change of speed error fuzzification

Figure 4.9 Fuzzy membership functions of output fuzzification

Figure 4.13 Simulink design of SVM-based DTC with FLC controllers

Figure 3.17 Fuzzy-based DTC control of induction motor [46]

Cha-5 Results and discussions

5.4 Simulation results of IM with fuzzy logic controller

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