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    L4

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    Nguyen Thi Ngan

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    L4

    Uploaded by

    Nguyen Thi Ngan
    2 views16 pages

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    2 views16 pages

    L4

    Uploaded by

    Nguyen Thi Ngan

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 16

    HOMONYMY

    01
    CONCEPTS
    Definition

    Homonyms are words which are the same in


    sound and spelling, or, at least, in one of
    these aspects, but different in their
    meanings.
    Examples
    - The dog began to bark - I've never seen such a
    when we were carving our beautiful scene.
    initials in the bark of the - We want a site for our
    tree. home that will be out of
    - Cheryl rode along as we sight.
    rowed the boat from the -The wind blew my blue
    island to the lakeside shirt into the pool.
    road.
    CLASSIFICATION OF
    HOMONYMS
    Match (v) – match (n)
    1. Homonyms proper
    Light (a) – light (n)
    words that are identical Fly (v) – fly (n)
    in both pronunciation
    and spelling
    CLASSIFICATION OF
    HOMONYMS
    Son – sun
    2. Homophones
    Ate – eight
    words that are the same Sauce – source
    sound but of different Flower – flower
    spelling.
    CLASSIFICATION OF • Bow (v) /baʊ/:to bend
    HOMONYMS your head or body
    forward
    3. Homographs
    Bow (n) /bəʊ/: a weapon
    words that are the same for shooting arrows
    in spelling but different • wind [wind] (n): air in
    in sound motion
    wind [waind] (v)]: bend,
    turn round
    SOURCES OF HOMONYMS
    1. Phonetic changes

    - Homonyms come in a language because of the


    convergent phonetic development of two or more
    different lexical units.
    - Most of the homonyms in a language have
    their origin in this way.
    - Phonetic changes pertaining to the loss of
    affixes, simplification of conjunct consonants,
    loss of syllables etc. affecting either one of the
    words or both of them lead to creation of
    homonymy
    e.g.
    to knead (O. E. cnedan)
    to need (O. E. neodian)
    sea (O.E sae, and to see (O. E. seon)
    2. Borrowing
    - Words borrowed from different languages also
    contribute to homonymy.
    - These borrowings may also undergo phonetic
    changes. The homonyms of this type may be of
    different types:
    (a) One word is borrowed from another language:
    e.g.
    mean "average" Latin medianus and mean "think"
    OE. marnan bank (mound) and bank (financial
    institution -Italian banca)

    (b) Sometimes both the words of the pair of


    homonyms are borrowed:
    piece, n (OFr piece, from Lat. Pecia - fragment) and
    peace, n, (O. Fr. Pais (Fr. Paix) from Lat. Păx-
    peace).
    3. Word-building
    Conversion is the type of word formation that
    results in the greatest number of homonyms.
    E.g.
    Bottle (n) - to bottle (v)
    Green (a) - to green (V)
    to win (v) - win (n)
    Shortening: Veterinarian = Vet = veteran
    Acquired immune deficiency syndrome = AIDS =
    aids/aides Flu (influenza) = flu = flew
    Affixation: washer (automatic washing machine)
    = washer (small flat ring placed between two surfaces)
    founder (person who founds or establish something)
    = to founder (fail, break down)
    Sound imitation: quack (the sound made by a duck) =
    quack (Brit sl) a doctor
    =low (the sound made by cattle) = low (a) not high or tall
    4. Split polysemy/disintegration
    If this meaning, for some reason, disappears from the
    word's semantic structure, the associations between the
    meanings may be severed, the semantic structure loses its
    unity and fails into two or more parts which then become
    accepted as independent lexical units.
    Let us consider the three words "board"
    - board, n- a long and thin piece of timber
    - board, n- daily meals, esp. as provided for pay,
    e.g. room and board
    - board, n- an official group of persons who
    direct or supervise some activity,
    e.g. a board of directors.
    POLYSEMY HOMONYMY
    refers to the coexistence refers to the existence of
    of many possible two or more words having
    meanings for a word or the same spelling or
    phrase pronunciation but
    different meanings and
    origins
    Related meaning, origins Completely different
    meaning
    Eg: head Eg: bank

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