BEEE UNIT 1 PART -A

WELCOME TO
SIR CR REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Basic Electrical & Electronics Engineering

BY
SRI. SAMBASIVA RAO BANDREDDY
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
EEE DEPARTMENT
.
IMPORTANCE OF ELECTRICAL
ENERGY
Q: Why an Electrical Energy is superior to all
other forms of Energy?
Reason :
(I)Transportation.
(II) Inter Convertibility.

CONVERSION OF ENERGIES
WIND
WIND ELECTRICAL THERMAL

ENERGY
CHEMICAL CHEMICAL
Submarine Cable Map
NEED FOR TECHNOLOGY
NEED FOR TECHNOLOGY
(Train Collision) (Vande Bharat Train&

kavach System)
NEED FOR TECHNOLOGY
(Normal car) (Autonomous car)

Goal:
Upgrade the life (i.e. Hardware Machinery)
in Smart way.
Smart Life =(Mechanical Life + Technology)
11
Basic
Electrical & Electronics Engineering
(BEEE)
Basic Electrical & Electronic Engineering
(BEEE)
(A) ELECTRICAL: ??
(B)ELECTRONICS: ??
Basic Electrical & Electronic Engineering
(BEEE)
(A) ELECTRICAL:
UNIT–I: DC & AC Circuits
PART -A
UNIT–II: Machines and Measuring Instruments
UNIT–III: Energy Resources, Electricity Bill & Safety Measures
(B)ELECTRONICS:
UNIT–IV : SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
UNIT–V: BASIC ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS AND INSTRUMENTTAION
UNIT–VI: DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
PART-B
why it is for CSE ??
Basic Electrical & Electronic

Engineering
(BEEE)
An embedded system is a combination of computer
hardware and software designed for a specific function.
Examples of Embedded systems
PART A SYLLABUS
Unit - I DC & AC Circuits :
DC Circuits: Electrical circuit elements (R, L and C), Ohm’s Law and its limitations, KCL & KVL, series,
parallel, series-parallel circuits, Super Position theorem, Simple numerical problems.
AC Circuits: A.C. Fundamentals: Equation of AC Voltage and current, waveform, time period, frequency,
amplitude, phase, phase difference, average value, RMS value, form factor, peak factor, Voltage and
current relationship with phasor diagrams in R, L, and C circuits, Concept of Impedance, Active power,
reactive power and apparent power, Concept of power factor (Simple Numerical problems).
Unit - II Machines and Measuring Instruments :
Machines: Construction, principle and operation of (i) DC Motor, (ii) DC Generator, (iii) Single Phase
Transformer, (iv) Three Phase Induction Motor and (v) Alternator, Applications of electrical machines.
Measuring Instruments: Construction and working principle of Permanent Magnet Moving Coil (PMMC),
Moving Iron (MI) Instruments and Wheat Stone bridge.
Unit – III Energy Resources, Electricity Bill & Safety Measures :
Energy Resources: Conventional and non-conventional energy resources; Layout and operation of various
Power Generation systems: Hydel, Nuclear, Solar & Wind power generation.
Electricity bill: Power rating of household appliances including air conditioners, PCs, Laptops, Printers, etc.
Definition of “unit” used for consumption of electrical energy, two-part electricity tariff, calculation of
electricity bill for domestic consumers.
Equipment Safety Measures: Working principle of Fuse and Miniature circuit breaker (MCB), merits and
demerits. Personal safety measures: Electric Shock, Earthing and its types, Safety Precautions to avoid
shock.
Pre requisites:
The knowledge of following is essential to understand the subject:
(1) Basic concepts from physics in 10+2 level.
Course Outcomes:
CO1: Describe fundamental laws, operating principles of motors/generators, MC/MI
instruments (L2)
CO2: Demonstrate the working of electrical machines, measuring instruments and

power generation stations. (L2)
CO3 : Apply mathematical tools and fundamental concepts to derive various

equations related to electrical circuits and machines. (L3)
CO4 : Calculate electrical load and electricity bill of residential and commercial
buildings. (L4)
Text books
Text Books:
1.Basic Electrical Engineering, D. C. Kulshreshtha, Tata McGraw Hill, 2019,
First Edition
2. Power System Engineering, P.V. Gupta, M.L. Soni, U.S. Bhatnagar and A.
Chakrabarti, Dhanpat Rai & Co, 2013
3. Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering, Rajendra Prasad, PHI publishers,
2014, Third Edition
Reference Books:
1.Basic Electrical Engineering, D. P. Kothari and I. J. Nagrath, Mc Graw Hill,
2019, Fourth Edition
2. Principles of Power Systems, V.K. Mehtha, S.Chand Technical Publishers,
2020
3. Basic Electrical Engineering, T. K. Nagsarkar and M. S. Sukhija, Oxford
University Press, 2017
4. Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering, S. K. Bhatacharya, Person
Publications, 2018, Second Edition.
Web Resources:
1. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108105053
2. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108108076
FUNDAMENTAL TERMS
1. Current.
2. Voltage.
3.Power.
4. Energy.
CURRENT
• Current can be defined as the motion of charge through a
conducting material, measured in Ampere (A). Electric current, is
denoted by the letter i or I.
• The unit of current is the ampere abbreviated as (A) and

corresponds to the quantity of total charge that passes through
an arbitrary cross section of a conducting material per unit
second. Mathematically
Where is the symbol of charge measured in Coulombs (C), I is the current in

amperes (A) and t is the time in second (s).
• The current can also be defined as the rate of
charge passing through a point in an electric
circuit. Mathematically
The charge transferred between time t1 and t2 is

obtained as
HOW TO MEASURE CURRENT
Current is always measured through a circuit element as shown in Fig
Two types of currents:

1) A direct current (DC) is a current that remains constant with time.
2) An alternating current (AC) is a current that varies with time.
Example 1:
Determine the current in a circuit if a charge of 80 coulombs passes a given point in
20 seconds (s).
Example 2:
Example 3:
VOLTAGE (or) E.M.F
Sign of power:
• Plus sign: Power is absorbed by the element. (Resistor, Inductor)
• Minus sign: Power is supplied by the element. (Battery, Generator)
ENERGY
Circuit / Network.
Definition:
CIRCUIT:
Where “CURRENT” is intended to flow through all branches.
NETWORK:
Current may not flow at least one element.
“Circuit is a subset of network”

Linear / Non-Linear:
Examples:
Active / passive :
TOPICS PRESENT IN FIRST UNIT (DC Circuits)
1. Electrical circuit elements (R, L and C).
2. Ohm’s Law and its limitations.
3. Kirchhoff’s Laws.
4 Series – parallel circuits.
5 Super Position theorem
6 Numerical Problems.
FIRST & SECOND TOPICS IN UNIT 1
(i.e. Electrical circuit elements R, L and C & Ohm’s Law )
Limitation of Ohm's Law:
➢ This law cannot be applied to unilateral networks. A unilateral

network has unilateral elements like diode, transistors, etc.,
which do not have same voltage current relation for both
directions of current.
➢ Ohm's law is also not applicable for non – linear elements.

Non-linear elements are those which do not have current exactly
proportional to the applied voltage.
Examples of non – linear elements are thyristor, electric arc, etc.
THIRD TOPIC
(i.e. Kirchhoff’s Laws )
As the sign of the current I1 is found to be negative from the solution, the actual
direction of I1 is from B to A to D i.e. 90 V battery gets a charging current of 1 A.
CONCLUSION:
SERIES PARALLEL
Super Position theorem:
Statement:
The superposition theorem states that in any linear network
containing two or more sources, the response in any element is
equal to the algebraic sum of the responses caused by
individual sources acting alone, while the other sources are
non-operative; that is, while considering the effect of individual
sources, other ideal voltage sources and ideal current sources in
the network are replaced by short circuit and open circuit across
their terminals.
The above concept is similar to Dynamic programming is defined

as a computer programming technique where an algorithmic
problem is first broken down into sub-problems, the results are
saved, and then the sub-problems are optimized to find the
overall solution
Applications of Dynamic programming: Computer networks ,
routing ,graph problems , computer vision ,AI ,Machine
learning.
STEPS TO FOLLOW
(1) Read the problem very carefully.
(2) write the given data.
(3) Write the suitable formulae.
(4) Substitution.
(5) Answer with units.

Solution. Assign mesh currents I1, I2 and I3 to meshes ABHGA, HEFGH and BCDEHB
respectively as shown in Fig.
PREVIOUS QUESTIONS
PART-A (1M)
(a)What is meant by a closed circuit ?
(b)State Kirchhoff’s voltage law.
(c) What is meant by a open circuit?
(d) State Kirchhoff’s current law.
(e)What is meant by a series circuit ?
(f) Draw the indications of DC & AC supply voltages.
(g) What is meant by a parallel circuit ?
(h) Write the limitations of ohm’s law.
PART-B (10M)
(1) State & prove superposition theorem for an electrical ‘T’

network excited with two equal D.C sources.

BEEE UNIT 1 PART -A

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WELCOME TO

SIR CR REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Basic Electrical & Electronics Engineering

(II) Inter Convertibility.

WIND ELECTRICAL THERMAL

(Train Collision) (Vande Bharat Train&

(Normal car) (Autonomous car)

Smart Life =(Mechanical Life + Technology)

Basic Electrical & Electronic

CO2: Demonstrate the working of electrical machines, measuring instruments and

CO3 : Apply mathematical tools and fundamental concepts to derive various

• The unit of current is the ampere abbreviated as (A) and

Where is the symbol of charge measured in Coulombs (C), I is the current in

The charge transferred between time t1 and t2 is

Two types of currents:

“Circuit is a subset of network”

1. Electrical circuit elements (R, L and C).

2. Ohm’s Law and its limitations.

4 Series – parallel circuits.

5 Super Position theorem

➢ This law cannot be applied to unilateral networks. A unilateral

➢ Ohm's law is also not applicable for non – linear elements.

The above concept is similar to Dynamic programming is defined

(2) write the given data.

(3) Write the suitable formulae.

(5) Answer with units.

(1) State & prove superposition theorem for an electrical ‘T’

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