762 N.V.

POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
PETHAPPAMPATTI, UDUMALPET – 642205

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND

COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

PRACTICAL OBSERVATION NOTE BOOK

1040233320
ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND
CIRCUITS PRACTICAL

Name

Register Number
II/III
Year / Semester

Scheme R Scheme

PREPARED BY

Mrs. K. VIJAYADEEPA M.E.,

LECTURER / ECE
N. V. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
PETHAPPAMPATTI
Edition:
1.As Per Dote-R Scheme–Syllabus- June 2024.
 INDEX
1040233320 – ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS PRACTICAL
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
Ex. Page Staff
Name of the Experiment Mark
No. No Signature

10

11

12

13

14

15
OBSERVATION NOTE COMPLETED ON : _____________ TOTAL /
AVERAGE
MARK

OBSERVATION MARK:
STAFF SIGNATURE
 DIPLOMA EXAMINATIONS

Course: Electronics and Communication Engineering

Subject: Electronic Devices and Circuits Practical QP Code: 1040233320

Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 100

1. Construct a circuit and test the forward and reverse bias characteristics of a PN
Junction diode. Find the value of its cut-in voltage.
2. Construct a circuit and test the forward and reverse bias characteristics of a Zener
diode. Find the value of its reverse breakdown voltage.
3. Construct a Half wave rectifier and test its input and output waveforms.
4. Construct a full wave (bridge) rectifier and test its input and output waveforms.
5. Construct and test the working of positive clipper and negative clipper.
6. Construct and test the working of positive clamper and negative clamper.
7. Construct a Common Emitter Transistor circuit and test its input and output
characteristic curves.
8. Construct a Common Base Transistor circuit and test its input and output
characteristic curves.
9. Construct a Common Source Field Effect Transistor circuit and test its characteristic
curves.
10. Construct a circuit and test the negative resistance characteristics of UJT.
11. Test the frequency response of RC coupled amplifier.
12. Test the working of RC phase shift oscillator using open source software tool.
13. Test the working of Colpitts oscillator using open source software tool.
14. Test the working of Hartley oscillator using open source software tool.
15. Test the working of Astable Multivibrator using open source software tool.
1
 HALF-WAVERECTIFIER

Circuit diagrams:
2
HALF-WAVERECTIFIER

Circuit diagrams:

100µ,25V
EX.NO: 3
DATE:
HALF-WAVE RECTIFIER

Aim:

To construct a Half wave rectifier circuit using diodes and test its input and output signal
waveforms with and without Capacitor filter, and find its maximum voltage.

Apparatus Required:

S.No Name Range/Value Quantity

1. Transformer 230V/6-0-6V 1
2. Diode 1N4001 1
3. Capacitors 100µF/25V 1
4. Decade Resistance Box - 1
5. Bread Board and connecting wires - 1Set
6. Dual Trace CRO 20MHz 1

Theory:

Half wave rectifier contains only one diode. During the positive half cycles of the input signal the
diode conducts in forward biasing. Similarly during the negative half cycles of the input signal the
diode conducts in reverse biasing. So the output waveform contains only positive half cycles of the
input signal.

Procedure:

1. Connecting the circuit on bread board as per the circuit diagram(without filter).
2. Connect the primary of the transformer to main supply i.e.230V,50Hz.
3. Connect the decade resistance box and set the RL value to 1KΩ.
4. Switch on the AC input signal and CRO.
5. Trace the input and output waveforms.
6. Connect the capacitor (filter) across its output load terminals.
7. Again draw the output waveforms.
8. Find its input and output signal frequencies.
9. Switch OFF the AC input signal and CRO.
10. Disconnect the components.
Wave shapes:

Tabulation:

Description Amplitude (V) Time Period (ms)

Input Signal

Output Signal
(without filter)
Output Signal
(with filter)
RESULT:

A half wave rectifier circuit using diodes are constructed and its input and output waveforms with
and without filters were traced and tested.
 CLIPPER

Series Positive Clipper: Shunt Positive Clipper:

D1 R1

1kΩ
1N4001 V1
V1
R1
To CRO 10 Vrms D1 To CRO
10 Vrms 1kΩ
50 Hz 50 Hz 1N4001
0° 0°

Wave shapes:

Positive Clipper:
Input Signal

Amp (V)
t (ms)

Output Signal

Amp (V) t (ms)

Tabulation:

Description Amplitude (V) Time Period (ms)

Input Signal

Output Signal
EX.NO: 5

DATE:
CLIPPER

Aim:

To construct a positive clipper and negative clipper circuit using diode and draw its output
waveforms.

Apparatus Required:

S.No Name Range/Value Quantity

1. Diode 1N4001 1
2. Resistor 1KΩ 1
3. Function Generator 3MHz 1
4. Dual Trace CRO 20MHz 1
5. Bread Board and connecting wires - 1Set

Theory:

The diode clipper, also known as a diode limiter, is a wave shaping circuit that limits positive
or negative amplitude, or both. In electronics, diode clipper circuits are commonly used to process
various signals. It is a circuit designed to prevent a signal from exceeding a predetermined reference
voltage level. Clipping changes the shape of the waveform and alters its spectral components.

Procedure:

1. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram.

2. Connect the CRO at its output side.
3. Switch on the AC input signal and CRO.
4. Trace the input and output waveforms.
5. Switch OFF the AC input signal and CRO.
6. Disconnect the components.
 Series Negative Clipper: Shunt Negative Clipper:

D1 R1

1kΩ
1N4001 V1
V1
R1
To CRO 10 Vrms D1 To CRO
10 Vrms 1kΩ
50 Hz 50 Hz 1N4001
0° 0°

Wave shapes:

Positive Clipper:
Input Signal

Amp (V)
t (ms)

Output Signal

Amp (V) t (ms)

Tabulation:

Description Amplitude (V) Time Period (ms)

Input Signal

Output Signal
RESULT:

Thus the positive clipper and negative clipper circuit using diode was constructed and its
waveforms were traced and tested.
 CLAMPER

Positive Clamper:
C1

V1
100µF
D1
10 Vrms 1N4001 R1 To CRO
50 Hz 10kΩ
0°

Wave shapes:

Positive Clamper:

Amp (V)

t (ms)

Tabulation:

Description Amplitude (V) Time Period (ms)

Input Signal

Output Signal
EX.NO: 6

DATE:
CLAMPER

Aim:

To construct a positive clamper and negative clamper circuit using diode and draw its
waveforms.

Apparatus Required:

S.No Name Range/Value Quantity

1. Diode 1N4001 1
2. Resistor 10KΩ 1
3. Capacitor 100µF 1
4. Function Generator 3MHz 1
5. Dual Trace CRO 20MHz 1
6. Bread Board and connecting wires - 1Set

Theory:

The clamper circuits are also called DC restorers. These circuits are especially used to shift the
applied waveforms to above or below levels of the DC reference voltage without showing the
impact on the shape of the waveform. This shifting tends to modify the V dc level of the applied
wave.

Procedure:

1. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram.

2. Connect the CRO at its output side.
3. Switch on the AC input signal and CRO.
4. Trace the input and output waveforms.
5. Switch OFF the AC input signal and CRO.
6. Disconnect the components.
Negative Clamper:
C1

V1
100µF
10 Vrms D1 R1 To CRO
50 Hz 1N4001 10kΩ
0°

Wave shapes:

Negative clamper:

Input Signal

Amp (V)

t (ms)

Output Signal

Description Amplitude (V) Time Period (ms)

Input Signal

Output Signal
RESULT:

Thus the positive clamper and negative clamper circuit using diode was constructed and its
waveforms were traced and tested.
 COMMON BASE CONFIGURATION

Circuit diagram:
EX.NO: 8
DATE: COMMON BASE CONFIGURATION

Aim:

To obtain the input and output characteristic of the given NPN transistor in Common Base
configuration and find its input and output resistance.

Apparatus Required:

S.No Name Range/Value Quantity

1. NPN transistor BC 107 1
2. Regulated power supply 0-30V 2
3. Voltmeter 0-20V 1
4. Ammeter 0-200mA 1
5. Resistor 1KΩ 1
6. Dual Trace CRO 20MHz 1

Theory:

In Common base configuration, emitter is an input terminal and collector is an output terminal.
To determine the input characteristics, the reading will be taken in between base to emitter voltage
(VBE) and emitter current (IE) at different constant levels of collector to base voltages (V BC). To
determine the output characteristics, the reading will be taken in between base to collector voltage
(VBC) and collector current (IC) at different constant levels of emitter currents (I E).
RESULT:

A half wave rectifier circuit using diodes are constructed and its input and output waveforms with
and without filters were traced and tested.
9
10
 RC coupled Amplifier

Design Circuit:

Function Generator Settings:

 EX.NO: 11
DATE:
RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER
(Implementation of the concept of multistage amplifier)

Aim:

To design and simulate RC coupled amplifier (Implementation of the concept of multistage

amplifier) using Multisim.

Software & Hardware Required:

1. PC loaded with MULTISIM software – 1

2. Printer – 1

Theory:
A Resistance Capacitance (RC) Coupled Amplifier is basically a multi-stage amplifier circuit
extensively used in electronic circuits. Here the individual stages of the amplifier are connected together
using a resistor–capacitor combination due to which it bears its name as RC Coupled.

Simulation Procedure:

1. Open MULTISIM Software.

2. Click=> New => Design1
3. Click save as in Desk Top rename the Design1 to your circuit multistage amplifier.
4. Go to Component tool bar and select the components.
5. Draw the above circuits using the components that are available in the tool bar and
then save the circuit.
6. Double click DC_POWER its value above mentioned, 6V DC.
7. Click simulate button or press F5 key => RUN
8. Then double click connected in the output of the volt meter and measure input
and output voltages.
9. Then Change input voltage, again measure and print the output voltages.
CRO Output:
Result:
Thus, the circuit is designed to simulate the Emitter follower (Implementation of
Voltage Series negative feedback) using Multisim successfully.
RC Phase Shift Oscillator circuit:

RC Phase Shift Oscillator Circuit Output:

 EX.NO: 12
DATE:
RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILLATOR
(Medium Frequency Sine Wave Generators)

Aim:

To design and simulate RC Phase shift oscillator (Medium frequency Sine wave generators) using
Multisim.

Software & Hardware Required:

1. PC loaded with MULTISIM software – 1

2. Printer – 1

Theory:

A phase-shift oscillator is a linear electronic oscillator circuit that produces a sine wave output.
It consists of an inverting amplifier element such as a transistor or op amp with its output fed back to its
input through a phase-shift network consisting of resistors and capacitors in a ladder network.

Simulation Procedure:

1. Open MULTISIM Software.

2. Click=> New => Design1
3. Click save as in Desk Top rename the Design1 to your circuit name.
4. Go to Component tool bar and select the components.
5. Draw the circuit diagram of RC Phase shift oscillator.
6. Connect the CRO above mentioned circuit.
7. Click simulate button or press F5 key => RUN
8. Note down the Time period and calculate the frequencies.
9. Record the output waveforms.

Result:

Thus, the circuit is designed to simulate RC Phase shift oscillator (Medium frequency Sine wave
generators) using Multisim successfully.
Colpitts oscillator circuit:

Colpitts oscillator circuit output:

 EX.NO: 13
DATE:
Colpitts Oscillator
(High Frequency Sine Wave Generators)

Aim:

To design & simulate Colpitts oscillator (High frequency Sine wave generator) using Multisim.

Software & Hardware Required:

1. PC loaded with MULTISIM software – 1

2. Printer – 1

Theory:

The Colpitts Oscillator design uses two capacitors in series with an inductor to form its resonance
tank circuit producing sinusoidal oscillations.

Simulation Procedure:

1. Open MULTISIM Software.

2. Click=> New => Design1
3. Click save as in Desk Top rename the Design1 to your circuit name.
4. Go to Component tool bar and select the components.
5. Draw the circuit diagram of Hartley oscillator.
6. Connect the CRO above mentioned circuit.
7. Click simulate button or press F5 key => RUN
8. Note down the Time period and calculate the frequencies.
9. Record the output waveforms.

Result:
Thus, the circuit is designed to simulate the Colpitts Oscillator using Multisim successfully.
Hartley oscillator circuit:

Hartley oscillator circuit output:

 EX.NO: 14
DATE:
Hartley Oscillator
(High Frequency Sine Wave Generators)

Aim:

To design & simulate Hartley oscillator (High frequency Sine wave generator) using Multisim.

Software & Hardware Required:

1. PC loaded with MULTISIM software – 1

2. Printer – 1

Theory:

The Hartley Oscillator design uses two inductive coils in series with a parallel capacitor to form
its resonance tank circuit producing sinusoidal oscillations.

Simulation Procedure:

1. Open MULTISIM Software.

2. Click=> New => Design1
3. Click save as in Desk Top rename the Design1 to your circuit name.
4. Go to Component tool bar and select the components.
5. Draw the circuit diagram of Hartley oscillator.
6. Connect the CRO above mentioned circuit.
7. Click simulate button or press F5 key => RUN
8. Note down the Time period and calculate the frequencies.
9. Record the output waveforms.

Result:
Thus, the circuit is designed to simulate the Hartley oscillator using Multisim successfully.
 Astable Multivibrator

Pin diagram - NE555 IC:

Astable Multivibrator circuit:

Astable Multivibrator output:

 EX.NO: 15
DATE:
Astable Multivibrator
(Square or Rectangular wave generator)

Aim:

To design and simulate Astable Multivibrator (Square or Rectangular wave generator) using
Multisim.

Software & Hardware Required:

1. PC loaded with MULTISIM software – 1

2. Printer – 1

Theory:

Astable Multivibrators are free running oscillators which oscillate between two
states continually producing two square wave output waveforms.

Simulation Procedure:

1. Open MULTISIM Software.

2. Click=> New => Design1
3. Click save as in Desk Top rename the Design1 to your circuit name.
4. Go to Component tool bar and select the components.
5. Draw the circuit diagram of Astable Multivibrator using NE555 IC.
6. Connect the CRO above mentioned circuit.
7. Click simulate button or press F5 key => RUN
8. Note down the Time period and calculate the frequencies.
9. Record the output waveforms.

Result:

Thus, the circuit is designed to simulate the Astable Multivibrator (Square or Rectangular wave
generator) using Multisim successfully.