cape_unit_2_2019_paper_2_solutions

CAPE 2019
1. (a) Let 4𝑥2 + 3𝑥𝑦2 + 7𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 0.

(i) Use implicit differentiation to show
that
8𝑥 + 3𝑦2 +
𝑑𝑦
7
=
𝑑𝑥
− 3(1 + [5]
2𝑥𝑦)
(ii) Show that for 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 4𝑥2 + 3𝑥𝑦2 + 7𝑥 + 3𝑦,
𝜕𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)
𝜕2𝑓(𝑥, 𝜕2𝑓(𝑥, 𝜕2𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)
𝑦) 𝑦)
6 − 10 = )
( )( + 𝜕𝑥
𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦 2
𝜕𝑦𝜕𝑥 2
[5]
(b) Use de Moivre’s theorem to prove that sin 5𝑥 = 16 sin5 𝑥 − 20 sin3 𝑥 + 5 sin 𝑥. [6]
7
(c) (i) Write the complex number 𝑧 = (−1 + √3𝑖) in the form 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝜃, where 𝑟|𝑧| and
𝜃 = arg 𝑧. [3]
7
(ii) Hence, prove that (−1 + √3 𝑖) = 64(−1 + √3 𝑖). [6]
2. (a) Let 𝐹𝑛(𝑥) = ∫(ln 𝑥)𝑛 𝑑𝑥
(i) Show that 𝐹𝑛(𝑥) = 𝑥(ln 𝑥)𝑛 − 𝑛𝐹𝑛−1(𝑥). [3]
(ii) Hence, or otherwise, show that 𝐹3(2) − 𝐹3(1) = 2(ln 2)3 − 6(ln 2)2 + 12 ln 2 − 6. [7]
𝑦2+2𝑦+1
(b) (i) By expressing as partial fractions, show that
𝑦4+2𝑦2+1
𝑦2 + 2𝑦 + 1 1
2𝑦
= +
𝑦 + 2𝑦 + 1
4 2
𝑦 +12
(𝑦2
+ 1)2 [7
]
(ii) Hence, or otherwise, evaluate

𝑦2 + 2𝑦 + 1
∫ 𝑑𝑦
𝑦 4 + 2𝑦2 + 1
[8
]
3. (a) Determine the coefficient of the term in 𝑥3 in the binomial expansion of (3𝑥 + 2)5. [3]
1 1 3
𝑥 . [4]
2 2
(b) (i) Show that the binomial expansion of (1 + 𝑥)4 + (1 − 𝑥)4 up to is
−2
the term in 𝑥 16
(ii) Hence, by letting 𝑥 = , compute an approximation of √17 + √15,

1 4 4
correct to 4 decimal
[3]
16
place
s.
(c) The function ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥3 + 𝑥 − 1 is defined on the interval [0, 1].
(i) Show that ℎ(𝑥) = 0 has a root on the interval [0, 1]. [3]
1
𝑥
(ii) Use the iteration = 𝑛2
𝑛+1 with initial estimate 𝑥1 = 0.7 to estimate the root of ℎ(𝑥) =
𝑥
0, correct to 2 decimal places. [6]
(d) Use the Newton – Raphson method with initial estimate 𝑥1 = 5.5 to approximate the root of
𝑔(𝑥) = sin 3𝑥 in the interval [5, 6], correct to 2 decimal places. [6]
4. (a) A function is defined as = 𝑥 sin𝑥( ).
𝑔(𝑥) 2
(i) Obtain the Maclaurin series expansion for 𝑔 up to the term in 𝑥4. [8]
(ii) Hence, estimate 𝑔(2). [2]
(b) A series is given as 2 4
+
5
+⋯
+ +
3
9 16
4
(i) Express the 𝑛th partial sum 𝑆𝑛 of the series using sigma notation. [2]
(ii) Hence, calculate 𝑆20 − 𝑆18, [1]
(iii)Given that ∑∞ converges,
1
diverges. [4]
show that 𝑆
𝑛=1 𝑛2 𝑛
(c) Use the method of induction to prove that
𝑛
𝑛(𝑛2 −
∑ 𝑟(𝑟 −
1)
1) =
3
[8]
𝑟=1
5. (a) (i) How many numbers made up of 5 digits can be made from the digits 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9, if each number contains exactly one even digit and no digit is
repeated?
[4]
(ii) Determine the probability that the number formed in (a) (i) is less than 30 000. [4]
(b) 𝐴 and 𝐵 are two matrices given
below.
1 2 5
2 𝑥
−1
𝐴 = (3 0 2 ) and 𝐵 = (2 3 4)
2 1 0 2 1 2
(i) Determine the value of 𝑥 for which 𝐴−1 does NOT exist. [4]
(ii) Given that det(𝐴𝐵) = −10, show that 𝑥 = 2. [4]
(iii) Hence, [4]

(c) In an experiment, individuals were asked to select from two available colours,
green and blue. The individuals selected one colour, two colours or no colour.
70% of the individuals selected at least one colour and 600 individuals selected no
colour.
(i) Given that 40% of the individuals selected green and 50% selected blue,
calculate the probability that an individual selected BOTH colours.
[3]
(ii) Determine the total number of individuals who participated in the experiment.
[2]
6. (a) A differential equation is
given as 𝑑𝑦
𝑥 +𝑦=2
sin𝑑𝑥
𝑥 𝑐 2
(i) Show that the general solution of the differential − cos 𝑥, where 𝑐 is a
equation is 𝑦 = 𝑥
𝑥
constant. [5]
(ii) Hence, determine the particular solution of the differential equation that
satisfies the condition 𝑦 = 2 when 𝑥 = 𝜋.
[3]
(b) Show that the general solution of the differential equation = is 𝑦 = 𝑘 4√(𝑥 −
𝑑𝑦 𝑥𝑦−𝑦
2)(𝑥 + 2)3
𝑑𝑥 𝑥2−4
where 𝑘 is a constant. [7]

(c) Solve the boundary – value problem 𝑦′′ − 𝑦′ − 2𝑦 = 0, given that when 𝑥 = −1,
𝑦 = 1 and when
𝑥 = 1, 𝑦 = 0. [10]

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CAPE 2019

1. (a) Let 4𝑥2 + 3𝑥𝑦2 + 7𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 0.

(ii) Hence, or otherwise, evaluate

(ii) Hence, by letting 𝑥 = , compute an approximation of √17 + √15,

(iii) Hence, [4]

where 𝑘 is a constant. [7]

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