document
document
Nigel R. Hewson
ThomasTelford
Contents
Preface xiv
Disclaimer xvi
Acknowledgements xvii
List of figures xix
List of tables xxviii
Introduction 20
Proprietary systems 20
Wires 21
Strands and tendons 23
Bars 24
Anchorages 25
Tendon couplers 26
Ducting 28
Equipment for placing tendons 30
Stressing jacks 31
References 33
Introduction 34
Recent history of durability issues in the UK 34
Corrosion protection and ducting 36
Concrete 37
Contents Detailing 38
Access 40
Stray current protection 43
External tendon replacement 44
References 44
5. Prestress design 60
Introduction 60
General approach 60
Primary and secondary prestress effects 64
Prestress force and losses 67
Friction losses and tendon extension 67
Elastic shortening and strains 69
Relaxation of tendon steel 70
Creep losses 71
Shrinkage losses 72
Tendon eccentricity in ducts 73
Serviceability limit state stress check 73
Deflections and pre-camber _ 76
Vibrations and fatigue in tendons 76
Ultimate moment design 77
Shear design 79
Torsion design 81
Longitudinal shear 81
Partial prestressing 82
Construction sequence and creep analysis 83
Temperature effects 84
Concrete properties 87
Application of the prestress 88
Design procedures to BS 5400 88
Serviceability limit state stress check 89
viii
Ultimate moment resistance 89 Contents
Ultimate shear resistance 90
Ultimate torsion 91
Longitudinal shear 92
Partial prestressing 92
Design procedures to AASHTO standard specifications 93
Allowable stress design check 93
Flexural strength 94
Shear capacity 95
Torsion 95
Horizontal shear 96
References 96
6. Design of details 98
Introduction 98
Anchorages 98
Pre-tensioned strand 98
Post-tensioned tendons 99
Cast-in dead-end anchors for post-tensioned tendons 103
Anchor blisters or blocks 104
Anchor pockets 106
Couplers 107
Ducts 108
Diaphragms , 110
Deviators 115
-References 119
IX
In
Contents Put data
Analysis of the structure
Output
Summary
References
Introduction 156
General arrangement 160
Construction of in situ beam-and-slab decks 163 ,
Casting and transportation of precast beams 165
Erection of precast beams 169
Casting of deck slab 171
Design of beam-and-slab decks 173
General design 173
Stress distribution through section 173
Precast beams in continuous and integral decks 176
Prestress and reinforcement 176
References 178
Appendix A: Definitions
Introduction
Books
Design guides and technical reports
Articles
Standards, codes of practice and specifications
Websites
xii
Appendix D: Proprietary systems 339 Contents
Introduction 339
Multi-strand systems 339
External tendon systems 346
Flat-slab systems 348
Bar systems 350
Wire prestressing systems 354
Auxiliary equipment 357
XIII