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Dry Soil Analysis9

The document outlines the procedure for conducting a sieve analysis of soil to determine particle size distribution, which is crucial for construction suitability. It details the objectives, necessary apparatus, and step-by-step procedure for performing the analysis, including calculations for mass retention on various sieves. The analysis is essential for identifying and ensuring compliance with specifications for coarse soils.

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2 views

Dry Soil Analysis9

The document outlines the procedure for conducting a sieve analysis of soil to determine particle size distribution, which is crucial for construction suitability. It details the objectives, necessary apparatus, and step-by-step procedure for performing the analysis, including calculations for mass retention on various sieves. The analysis is essential for identifying and ensuring compliance with specifications for coarse soils.

Uploaded by

memarkan004
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Of
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Dep. Civil Eng.

S o il L a b .

Dry soil analysis


ASTM D-421 & D – 422 AASHTO T – 78 & T – 88

2024

‫حممد باقر محيد‬ ‫حممد حسام‬

‫حممد مناع‬ ‫كرار عادل‬

‫حممد اركان‬

-c-

0
Introduction Sieve Analysis Of Soil Experiment - Sieve Analysis Of Soil
Sieve analysis is a practice or procedure used to evaluate the particle size distribution of a
granular material. The size distribution is often of critical importance to the way in which the
material in use functions. Sieve analysis can be performed on any type of inorganic or organic
granular material including sand, crushed rock, clay, granite, coal, soil, a wide range of
manufactured powders, grains and seeds, down to the minimum size depending on the exact
method. And as a simple particle sizing technique, it is likely the most popular.
1.OBJECTIVE
-Sieve analysis determines the grain size distribution curve of a soil sample by passing it through
a stack of sieves with decreasing mesh openings and measuring the residual weight in each
sieve.
2.THEORY
- The suitability of a soil for a particular use in construction often depends on the distribution of
particle sizes in the soil mass. There are two types of tests used to analyze the distribution of
particles in soil. One of these methods is sieve analysis.
The test is a prerequisite for identification and specification compliance testing of coarse soils.

3.APPARATUS
1- Sieves, bottom bowl (Pan), and lid.
2-Scale sensitive down to 0.1 grams.
3-Mortar and rubber ~ pestle.
4-Oven.
5-Mechanical sieve vibrator.

Note: Sieve numbers 4, 10, 20, 40, 60, 140, and 200 are generally used in most standard sieve
analysis work.
4.PROCEDURE
- Collect a representative sample of oven-dry soil. Samples that have particles larger than a No.
4 sieve size (4.75 mm) should be about 500 grams. For soils with larger than 4.75 mm sieve size
particles, larger weights are needed.

1
-Break up or crush the soil sample into individual particles using a mortar and rubber pestle.
(Note: The idea is to break the soil into individual particles, not to break the particles
themselves).

Determine the mass of the sample to an accuracy of 0.1 grams (W).


Prepare a set of sieves. A sieve with larger openings is placed on top of a sieve with smaller
openings. The sieve should be at bottom #200. The bottom pot should be placed under sieve
number 200. As mentioned before, the sieves generally used in the pile are numbers 4, 10, 20,
40, 60, 60, 140 and 200 however, more sieves can be placed between them.

-Pour the soil prepared in step 2 into the sieve


pile from the top.
-Let the sieve assembly run through the shaker
for a few minutes.
-Run the set of sieves through the shaker for 10
to 15 minutes.
-Turn off the shaker and remove the stack of
sieves.
Weigh the amount of soil remaining on each
sieve and the bottom pan.

If a large amount of soil with clay and hard parts is retained in the No. 200 sieve, it must be
washed. Washing is done by taking the No. 200 sieve with the soil taken on it and pouring water
through the sieve from the faucet in the laboratory Note: This step is not necessary if the
amount of soil retained on the #200 sieve is small.
Determine the mass of dry soil retained on the #200 sieve. The difference between this mass
and the remaining on the #200 sieve determined in Step 9 is the mass of soil that was washed.

2
5 .CALCULATION
A table is made to calculate the passed ratio as shown below:
Sieve NO. Sieve Opening Mass Percent of mass Cumulative percent Percent finer %
(mm)(X) Retained (g) retained retained (Y)
10 9.5 0 0 0 100
4 4.75 10.2 2.04 2.04 97
8 2.3 18.1 3.62 5.66 94
16 1.18 24.2 4.84 10.5 89
200 0.075 114.5 22.9 33.4 66

pan -- 332.8 66.56 99.98 --


total 500

E = (MT-MR/MT)*100% = 0%

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