Technology and

Livelihood Education 9
Computer Systems Servicing
Quarter
1
T. L. E. - CSS – Grade 9
Quarter 1 – Module 9: Computer Hardware
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that no copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use
these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors
do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Ma. Gloria Lisette Gay R. Espinas
Editors: Maria O. Del Barrio and Jhoanna V. Navata
Technical Reviewer: Glenda B. Mira
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso EdD
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 T.Quarter
L. E.1
Self-Learning Module 9
Computer Hardware
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education – CSS 9 Self-Learning

Module on Computer Hardware!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through the mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education – CSS 9 Self-Learning

Module on Computer Hardware!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

At the end of the learning period, the students should be able to:

1. define computer hardware;

2. identify the basic computer hardware;
3. describe the functions of the computer hardware.

PRETEST

Direction: Read the statement carefully and choose the letter that correspond to
the correct answer.

1. It is used to enter commands in the computer.

a. Keyboard b. Monitor c. Mouse d. Printer

2. This is a pointing device invented by Douglas Engelbart.

a. Keyboard b. Monitor c. Mouse d. Pointer

3. It refers to a storage device used to save data permanently.

a. Memory b. Hard disk drive c. Optical disk d. Flash disk

4. It is a computer hardware that displays text and video images.

a. Monitor b. Keyboard c. System unit d. Mouse

5. Its main function is to hold all the other components together and protect
the sensitive electronic parts from the outside elements.
a. Hard drive b. Monitor c. System unit d. Mouse

RECAP
From the previous lesson, what are the different OHS policies have you learned?

 _____________________________________________
 _____________________________________________
 _____________________________________________
 LESSON

COMPUTER HARDWARE

Computer hardware refers to the physical

components that comprise a computer system.
Computer hardware includes monitor, mouse,
keyboard, computer data storage, hard disk drive (HDD),
graphics cards, sound cards, memory, motherboard and Computer icp.ge.ch
so on, all of which are tangible physical objects.

1. KEYBOARD

The primary function of a computer keyboard is to act as an input device. A

person can type a document using a keyboard, use keystroke shortcuts, access
menus, play games and do variety of other tasks. Keyboard may either be attached
to a computer desktop or part of a laptop.

There are different keyboards, but the computer keyboard is usually designed as
QWERTY with the different types like the PS/2 and the USB type keyboard.

Let’s get to know the KEYBOARD:

MAIN AREAS OF THE KEYBOARDS

a. Function keys (All F keys)

On a computer keyboard, the function keys or F-keys, labeled F1 through F12,
are keys that have a special function specified by the operating system, or by
a program currently running. You can combine them with the Alt or Ctrl keys.
b. Alphanumeric keys
The alphanumeric keyboard is the keyboard 's primary portion which contains
letters, numbers, punctuation and some of the symbol keys. Currently, as
shown in the following illustration, most people use a QWERTY style
keyboard.

c. Special keys (Control Keys)

The control keys or toggle keys give the user additional control over cursor
positioning and text manipulation. We can be found in other applications as
shortcut keys, too.

d. Cursor keys (Arrow)

The arrow keys are four directional keys which allow you to move the cursor
or change a selection that has been highlighted.

e. Numeric keypad
Numeric keypad provides the user with a fast access to numbers and math
functions like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.
2. MOUSE

A computer mouse is a portable hardware input device that controls a cursor

in a GUI (graphical user interface) and is capable of moving and selecting text, icons,
files and directories.

For desktop computers, the mouse is mounted in front of the computer on a

flat surface. The image below is an example of a computer mouse.

A glimpse of history:

Douglas Engelbart is computer mouse inventor. When computer mouse

was created in 1960 then Douglas Engelbart was working in Stanford
Research Institute in Menlo Park, California. This miracle invented
machine was used in the Xerox Alto computer system in 1973.

Uses of computer mouse:

 Move the mouse cursor - The primary function is to move the mouse pointer
on the screen.
 Open or execute a program - Once you've moved the pointer to an icon,
folder, or other object clicking or double clicking that object opens the
document or executes the program.
 Select - A mouse also allows you to select text or a file or highlight and select
multiple files at once.
 Drag-and-drop - Once something is selected, it can also be moved using the
drag-and-drop method.
 Hover - Moving the mouse cursor over objects with hover information which
can help discover the function of each object on the screen.
 Scroll - When working with a long document, or viewing a long web page, you
may need to scroll up or down. To scroll, use the mouse wheel, or click and
drag the scroll bar.
 Perform other functions - Many desktop mice also have buttons that can be
programmed to perform any function. For example, many mice have two side
buttons on the thumb portion of the mouse the button closest to the palm can
be programmed to go back on web pages.
Types of computer mice
 Cordless (Wireless)
 Joystick
 Mechanical
 Optical
 Touchpad (Glidepoint)
 Trackball
 TrackPoint

3. HARD DISK DRIVE

Computers rely on hard disk drives (HDDs) to permanently store data.

They are storage devices used to store and retrieve digital information
that will be required for future reference.

Hard drives are non-volatile, which means they retain data even when
they do not have power. The information stored remains secured and
intact unless the hard drive is destroyed or interfered with.

The information is stored or retrieved in a random access manner as opposed to

sequential access. This implies that blocks of data can be accessed at any time they
are required without going through other data blocks.

Types of Hard drives

Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment (PATA)

Serial Advance Technology Attachment (SATA)

Small Computer System Interface (SCSI)

Solid State Drives (SSD)

4. MONITOR

A monitor is an output device that displays text and video images. A monitor
is made up of circuitry, a screen, a power supply, buttons to adjust screen settings,
and casing that holds all of these components.
Tip: When used as a noun, the term "monitor" is synonymous with a computer "screen" and "display."
Types of computer monitors

CRT (cathode ray tube) monitors

These monitors employ CRT technology, which was used most

ordinarily within the manufacturing of television screens. With
these monitors, a stream of intense high energy electrons is
employed to make images on an electron tube containing an
electrode at one end and a fluorescent screen at another end.

LCD (liquid crystal display) monitors

The LCD monitor combines one among the foremost advanced

technologies today. It consists of a layer of color or monochrome
pixels arranged schematically between a pair of transparent
electrodes and two polarizing filters. Optical effect is formed
possible by polarizing the sunshine in varied amounts and
making it meet up with the liquid layer.

LED (light-emitting diodes) monitors

LED monitors are the most recent forms of monitors on the

market today. These are flat panel, or slightly curved displays
which make use of light-emitting diodes for backlighting,
rather than cold cathode fluorescent (CCFL) back-lighting
utilized in LCDs. LED monitors are said to use much lesser
power than CRT and LCD and are considered way more
environmentally friendly.

5. SYSTEM UNIT

A system unit is the part of a computer that houses the most

devices that perform operations and produce results for complex
calculations. In layman’s terms, it also refers to computer case,
computer chassis, or computer tower. the first function of the pc
system unit is to carry all the opposite components together and
protect the sensitive electronic parts from the surface elements. A
typical computer case is additionally large enough to permit for
upgrades, like adding a second Winchester drive or a higher-quality
video card. it's relatively easy to open up a computing system unit
to interchange parts and install upgrades.
 In most system units, the front side contains the essential
parts which are frequently needed by the user, such as the
power button, an optical disc drive, an audio ports for a pair of
headphones, and several other USB ports. The connections for -
for power, monitor, keyboard, mouse, Internet connection, and
other peripheral devices are found at the rear side of the case.
There are typically more connections than the minimum
necessary to permit for expansion.

ACTIVITIES

Matching Type: Match Column A with column B. Write the letter of the
correct answer.

Column A Column B

a. System unit

1.

b. Keyboard

2.

c. Mouse
3.

d. Monitor

4.

e. Hard disk drive

5.
 Activity II. Sketch a computer set, and label the different hardware.

WRAP-UP

From the lesson on the different computer hardware, describe their functions in
simple words.
1. System unit __________________________________
2. Hard disk drive _______________________________
3. Monitor ______________________________________
4. Mouse ________________________________________
5. Keyboard _____________________________________

VALUING

How will your knowledge about the computer hardware be beneficial in the future
as a computer technician?
______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________
 POSTTEST

Direction: Identification. Write the word or group of words being describe in

the sentence.
1. It is used to enter computer commands.
_________________________

2. This is a pointing device invented by Douglas Engelbart.

_________________________

3. A storage device used to save data permanently.

_________________________

4. A computer hardware that displays text and video images.

_________________________

5. Its main function is to hold all the other components together and
protect the sensitive electronic parts from the outside elements.
__________________________
 KEY TO CORRECTION
PRETEST ACTIVITIES POST TEST
1. A 1. D 1. Keyboard

2. C 2. E 2. Mouse

3. B 3. B 3. Hard disk drive

4. A 4. A 4. Monitor

5. C 5. C 5. System case

References
“Computer Monitor Categories.” n.d. TechAdvisory.org. Accessed June 29, 2020.
https://www.techadvisory.org/2014/09/computer-monitor-categories/.
Jeff Tyson, Tracy V. Wilson & Chris Pollette. 2000. “How Computer Keyboards
Work.” HowStuffWorks. HowStuffWorks. November 21, 2000.
https://computer.howstuffworks.com/keyboard1.htm.
Kamau, Patrick. 2018. “Types of Computer Hard Disk Drives.” TurboFuture.
TurboFuture. August 10, 2018. https://turbofuture.com/computers/Types-of-
Computer-Hard-Disk-Drives.
“What Is a Computer Mouse?” 2019. Computer Hope. September 3, 2019.
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/m/mouse.htm.

What is a Computer System Unit? - Function, Components & Definition. (2014,

August 30). Retrieved from https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-
computer-system-unit-function-components-definition.html.
“What Is a Keyboard?” 2020. Computer Hope. April 30, 2020.
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/k/keyboard.htm.

“What Is a Monitor?” 2020. Computer Hope. May 16, 2020.

https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/m/monitor.htm.
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/k/keyboard.htm

https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/m/monitor.htm

https://www.google.com/publicdomainvectors.org-free-clipart
https://www.pinterest.ph/ravenmckinnon/system-unit/

https://www.trtechsupports.com/product/hard-disks/