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Density

Density is a physical property of matter defined as mass per unit volume, commonly measured in kg/m3, g/mL, or g/L. Different substances have varying densities, which can aid in their identification, as illustrated by a table of common materials. Calculations involving density use the formula D=m/V, allowing for conversions between mass and volume.

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7 views2 pages

Density

Density is a physical property of matter defined as mass per unit volume, commonly measured in kg/m3, g/mL, or g/L. Different substances have varying densities, which can aid in their identification, as illustrated by a table of common materials. Calculations involving density use the formula D=m/V, allowing for conversions between mass and volume.

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ancalopezromera
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Density

Density is a physical property of matter. Most commonly density refers


either to the mass per unit volume (mass density) or the number of objects
(e.g., atoms, molecules) per unit volume (number density). We will focus
our attention on mass density. The mass density has the units mass/volume.
Since volume has the units length "cubed" then the SI unit of mass density is
kg/m3. More common units of density are g/mL or g/L. Substances have
different densities. In fact the density of a substance can often be used to
help identify it. Below is a table of densities of common materials:

Densities of Some Common Substances


Substance Density (g/mL)
ice (0 0C) 0.917
water (4.0 0C) 1.0000
gold 19.31
helium (25 0C) 0.000164
dry air (25 0C) 0.001185
Human fat 0.94
Cork 0.22 - 0.26
table sugar 1.59
balsa wood 0.12
earth 5.54

An important example is water. The above table states that liquid water has a mass of 1
g in every mL. Thus 2 mL of water has a mass of 2 g, etc. Table sugar is denser than
water by about 60 percent. Density does not depend upon size. For example the water in
a swimming pool has the same density a glass of that swimming pool water.

Calculations with density are straightforward and involve the formula for density
namely D=m/V, where D=density, m= mass and V = volume.

Example 1: What is the volume of a nugget of gold that has a mass of 3.45 g? The
density of gold can be looked upon as a conversion factor from mass to volume i.e.,

Example 2: A light substance is found to weigh 23 g and to have a volume of 0.192


liters. What is the substance?
Based upon this result we would guess that this substance might be balsa wood.

Eample 3: What is the mass of 1 liter of sugar?

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