DESIGN OF PIER CAP : PIER NO 1053,1054,1055

BEARING LOADS FROM SUPERSTRUCTURE (SERVICE CONDITION)

The bearing loads from superstructure have been summarised below

Total number of Bearings taking vertical loads = 3

Outer Bearing
Distances of Bearing from centerline of Bridge (m)
0.25
Section Modulus Transverse direction 52 Taken from center of span of Portal beam
Section Modulus Longitudinal direction 2.64 Taken from center of column to outer bearings
Radius of Curvature NA
Speed of Vehicle (km/hr) 0
Width of Both U Girder 10.95
Span of Portal Beam (m) 26
Span of Superstructure in Long. direction 28
Eccentricity due to curvature (m) NA
seismic zone II
Distance of LHS and RHS Bearing from center of Pier (m) 0

Weight of DL 1 = 586.197 x 1.25 = 732.74625 kN \* 25% Extra

Weight of SDL = 282.992 x 1.25 = 353.74 kN \* 25% Extra
WEIGHT OF DL2 = 805.8 x 1.25 = 1007.25 kN \* 25% Extra

Dead Load & Superimposed Dead Loads B1 B3 Due to Curvature

Weight of Superstructure - Total 74.69 t 74.69 74.69 NA NA
Dead Load of Beam 102.68 t 102.7 102.7 NA NA
SIDL- Total 36.06 t 36.1 36.06 NA NA
*B2 not considred as it is directly resting on pier

Live load Reaction Bearing 1 Bearing 2 Bearing 3

Double span reaction-kN 374.55 393.894 241.969
Double span moment case-kN 127.064 393.894 489.454

25% Extra to be considered Bearing 1 Bearing 2 Bearing 3

Double span reaction-kN 468.1875 492.3675 302.46125
Double span moment case-kN 158.83 492.3675 611.8175

Wind Load
Wind load has been considered when LL is moving
Maximum Wind Speed = 33 m/sec
Wind Speed when LL = 33 m/sec

2
Wind Pressure = 653.4 N/m

Dead Load

Total Depth of Superstructure +parapet = 4.38 m Including Noise Barrier

Height (Top of Launching girder) = 0.00 m
Area of exposure = 122.6 m2
Drag Coefficient, Cd = 1.3
Lift Coefficient, CL = 0.75
Hourly mean wind pressure, pz = 653.4 N/m2
Gust factor, G = 2
Transverse Wind force, Ft = 104.1 kN
Lever arm = 2.2 m
Transverse moment = 228 kN-m
Change in Reaction = 0.45 t

Vertical direction
Vertical force due to wind = 30.05 t

Live Load
Height of Live load = 4.05 m
Length of Live load = 28.0 m
Area of exposure = 12.6 m
Hourly mean wind pressure, pz = 653 N/m2
Drag coefficient = 1.2
Gust factor, G = 2
Lever arm = 4.6 m
Transverse Wind force, F t = 19.8 kN
Transverse moment = 91 kN-m

Change in Reaction = 0.178 t

Longitudinal force = 25% of Transverse = 31.0 kN

Forces due to Wind

Governing Vertical Torsion
LHS Span 5.165
10.329
RHS Span 5.165

ULS Design

Depth of Pier Cap = 1.60 m

Characteristic strength of Concrete = 50 Mpa
Yield Stress of reinforcement = 500 Mpa
Effective cover = 138 mm
Effective depth = 1462 mm

Partial Safety Factors

Launching One Span

With SV
Loads factor Condition Dislodge

DL of Superstructure 1.25 1.35 1.35 1.35

DL of Beam 1.35 1.35 1.35
SIDL 2 1.75 1.75
LL 1.75 1
Seismic 1.7
Wind 1.25 1.5 0.9

Selfweight V= 7.25 T ML = 3.70 T-m

Design Forces (Service Condition)

Loads Total unfactored loads

Torsion
B1 B3
DL of Superstructure 74.694 74.694
DL of Beam 102.676 102.676
SIDL 36.059 36.059
LL-1 47.726 30.832 0.000
LL-2 16.191 62.367 0.000
Seismic 66.899 66.899
Wind 5.165 5.165 10.329

Factored load
Loads Total ULS Loads
Torsion
B1 B2
DL of Superstructure 93.37 93.37 0.00
DL of Beam 138.61 138.61 0.00
SIDL 72.12 72.12 0.00
LL-1 83.52 53.96 0.00
LL-2 28.33 109.14 0.00
Seismic 113.73 113.73 0.00
Wind 6.46 6.46 12.91
Calculation of Torsion in Pier Cap @ Face of Pier

Braking Force on 2 spans i.e. 56 m

Braking Force = 43.93 t \* Divided into 2 column

Longitudinal Wind = 15.48 t \* Divided into 2 column

Total Longitudinal Force in ULS = 96.22 t

Lever Arm = 0.75 m
Change in Reaction = 27.337 t

Torsion due to Horizontal force = 0.00 t-m

Final Torsion (Max. V Case) = 12.91 t-m

Final Torsion (Max. ML Case) = 12.91 t-m

SUMMARY OF DESIGN FORCES

Total Vertical
CASE Condition Lever Arm Total BM Total Torsion
Load
CASE -1 Max ML 401.29 100.32 12.91
Service
CASE -2 Max V 359.77 89.94 12.91
CASE -3 Max ML 407.74 101.94 12.91
Service with wind 0.250
CASE -4 Max V 366.22 91.56 12.91
CASE -5 Max ML 515.01 128.75 12.91
Seismic
CASE -6 Max V 473.50 118.37 12.91
DESIGN OF PIER CAP
ULS Design

Depth of Pier Cap = 1.60 m

Characteristic strength of Concrete = 50.00 Mpa
Yield Stress of reinforcement = 500.00 Mpa
Effective cover = 138.00 mm
Effective depth = 1462.00 mm

SUMMARY OF DESIGN FORCES

Total Vertical
CASE Condition Lever Arm Total BM Total Torsion
Load
CASE -1 Max V 401.29 100.32 12.91
Service
CASE -2 Max ML 359.77 89.94 12.91
CASE -3 Service with Max V 407.74 101.94 12.91
0.250
CASE -4 wind Max ML 366.22 91.56 12.91
CASE -5 Max V 515.01 128.75 12.91
Seismic
CASE -6 Max ML 473.50 118.37 12.91

a = Leverarm = 0.250 m
Effective depth d = 1.462 m

a/d = 0.171 < 1 Design as Corbel

Case-1 Case-2 Case-3 Case-4 Case-5 Case-6

STEP I
Check for Nominal Shear Strength
Ensure V u / b d < = 0.15 fc' 0.15 fc' 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5
b= 2100.00
d = 0.8*d' 1169.6
Vu (T) = 401.3 359.8 407.7 366.2 515.0 473.5
Vu / b d = 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.5 2.1 1.9
Check = OK OK OK OK OK OK

STEP II
Calculation of Shear Friction Reinforcement " A v f "
V u
A vf =
0.85 fsy m

where; fsy = yield stress value of the reinforcement used.

= 500 N/ mm2

Type of Surface m
1 Concrete placed monolithically across interface. 1.40
2 Concrete placed against hardened concrete but with roughened surface 1.00
3 Concrete anchored to structural steel 0.70
4 Concrete placed against hardened concrete but surface not roughened 0.60

Type of Surface ( 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 ) ? = 2

m = 1
( Note: Only monolithic construction is recommended )

A vf 9442.02 8465.13 9593.92 8617.03 12117.99 11141.10

STEP III
Calculation for Direct Tension Reinforcement " A t ".
Hu Hu (T) = 80.26 71.95 81.55 73.24 103.00 94.70
At =
0.85 fsy At 1852.52 1660.86 1882.33 1690.66 2377.55 2185.88
* Hu = 1.7 H or 0.2 Vu (whichever is greater)

STEP IV
Calculation for Flexural Tension Reinforcement " A f "
[ V u a + H u ( h - d' )]
Af = Af 2713.1 2432.4 2756.8 2476.1 3482.1 3201.4
0.85 fsy d

STEP V
Total Primary Tensile Reinforcement " A s "
A s >= (Af+At) 4565.65 4093.28 4639.10 4166.73 5859.61 5387.23
>= (2/3A vf +At) 8147.20 7304.28 8278.27 7435.35 10456.21 9613.28
>= ( 0.04 fc' / fsy ) b d' 12280.80 12280.80 12280.80 12280.80 12280.80 12280.80

As required 12280.80 12280.80 12280.80 12280.80 12280.80 12280.80

Provide 32 mm 24 Nos. in two layers As provided 19301.95 19301.95 19301.95 19301.95 19301.95 19301.95
Status OK OK OK OK OK OK

STEP VI
Total Horizontal Stirrups Reinforcement " A h "
A h >= 0.5 * A f 1356.56 1216.21 1378.39 1238.03 1741.03 1600.68
>= 0.333 * A vf 3144.19 2818.89 3194.77 2869.47 4035.29 3709.99

A h required 3144.193 2818.889 3194.775 2869.470 4035.290 3709.986

Provide 12 mm 10 Legged 4 Layers A h provided 4523.893 4523.893 4523.893 4523.893 4523.893 4523.893
Status OK OK OK OK OK OK
STEP VII
Minimum Shear Reinforcement
Vc= 10 bd in kgs Vc = 307020 307020 307020 307020 307020 307020
where b & d are in cms
Vc (T) = 307.02 307.02 307.02 307.02 307.02 307.02

Av= 0.50 * ( V u - V c )
p f sy d
Av/p (mm2/mm) = 0.806 0.451 0.861 0.506 1.778 1.423
Provide 16 mm 2 Legged @ 120 mm c/c provided 3.351 3.351 3.351 3.351 3.351 3.351
Status OK OK OK OK OK OK
SEISMIC FORCE & ITS EFFECT

Calculation of Seismic Coefficient

Type of Soil = HARD
Sa/g along longitudinal direction (Sa/g )L = 1.840
Sa/g along transverse direction (Sa/g )T = 1.930
Zone factor, Z Z = 0.10
Importance factor, I I = 1.50
Response Reduction factor R = 2.0 For Foundation
Response Reduction factor R = 3.3 For pier
3.3

Time Period From STAAD

Frequency in longitudinal directionTL = 1.84 Time period = 0.543 Sec
Frequency in transverse directionTT = 1.93 Time period = 0.518 Sec
(time period = 1 / frequency)
Horizontal seismic coeff for longitudinal Seismic =(Z/2)*(I/R)*(Sa/g ) = 0.0418
Horizontal seismic coeff for Transverse Seismic =(Z/2)*(I/R)*(Sa/g ) = 0.0439
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.0292

Seismic Coefficient Considered for Service Condition

Minimum Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = 0.045
Design horizontal seismic coeff for longitudinal Seismic ShL = 0.042
Design horizontal seismic coeff for Transverse Seismic ShT = 0.044
Design vertical Seismic Coefficient Sv = 0.0279
% Increase of Seismic Forces in Foundation = 0
Seismic Coefficient under Erection Load
Consider 50% of seismic coefficient under service as per Table-1
Horizontal seismic coeff for longitudinal Seismic = 0.021
Horizontal seismic coeff for Transverse Seismic = 0.022
Vertical Seismic Coefficient = 0.014

Seismic - Longitudinal Direction

Seismic Longitudinal force of Left span is considered to be transferred full on single pier since left span is
Load Load Horizont
Vertical Long. Trans.
Factor Factor al
Seismic Moment Moment Acting @
Component for for Seismic
Force due to V. due to V. RL (m)
Vertical Lateral Force
(t) Load Load
Loads Loads (t)
1. DL of Superstructure 1.00 48.5 18.2 0.00 1.00 145.5 80.028
2. SIDL 1.00 9.9 3.7 0.00 1.00 29.6 80.028
TOTAL FORCE WITH ONLY DL 58.4 21.9 0.0 175.1 80.028
3. Ds-max m 0.50 8.5 2.1 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.000
4. Ds-max R 0.50 6.5 339.4 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.000
0.50 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.000
6. FPLL case 1 0.50 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.000
7. FPLL case 2 0.50 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.000
8. FPLL case 3 0.50 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.000
TOTAL FORCE WITH DL+LL1 66.9 24.0 0.0 175.1 80.028
TOTAL FORCE WITH DL+LL2 64.9 361.3 0.0 175.1 80.028
TOTAL FORCE WITH DL+LL3 58.4 21.9 0.0 175.1 80.028
Seismic on Launching Truss 1.00 0 1.00 0.0 80.028

Seismic - Transverse Direction

 Horizont
Vertical Long. Trans.
al
Load Seismic Moment Moment Load Acting @
Component Seismic
Factor Force due to V. due to V. Factor RL (m)
Force
(t) Load Load
(t)
1. DL of Superstructure 1.0 48.5 18.2 0.00 1.0 152.6 0.000
2. SIDL 1.0 9.9 3.7 0.00 1.0 29.6 0.000
TOTAL FORCE WITH ONLY DL 58.4 21.9 0.0 182.2 0.000
5. BSBT case 1 0.50 8.5 2.1 0.0 0.5 0.0 267.694
6. SSBT Load case 2 0.50 6.5 339.4 0.0 0.5 0.0 267.694
7. BSST Load case 3 0.50 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 267.694
8. FPLL case 1 0.50 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 267.694
9. FPLL case 2 0.50 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 267.694
10. FPLL case 3 0.50 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 267.694
TOTAL FORCE WITH DL+LL1 66.9 24.0 0.0 182.2 0.000
TOTAL FORCE WITH DL+LL2 64.9 361.3 0.0 182.2 0.000
TOTAL FORCE WITH DL+LL3 58.4 21.9 0.0 182.2 0.000

Seismic Combination 1 - SL : Seismic Longitudinal + 0.3* Seismic Transverse + 0.3*Seismic Vertical

Vertical Long. Trans.

Seismic Moment Moment Acting @ Acting @
Component HL (t) HT (t)
Force due to V. due to V. RL (m) RL (m)
(t) Load Load
TOTAL FORCE WITH DL+LL1 20.1 7.2 0.0 175.1 80.028 54.7 0.000
TOTAL FORCE WITH DL+LL2 19.5 108.4 0.0 175.1 80.028 54.7 0.000
TOTAL FORCE WITH DL+LL3 17.5 6.6 0.0 175.1 80.028 54.7 0.000
TOTAL FORCE-UNLOADED 17.5 6.6 0.0 175.1 80.028 54.7 0.000
TOTAL FORCE-ERECTION (On

During Erection Case, Seismic Longitudinal force of Left span is considered to be transferred half on each

Seismic Combination 2-ST : 0.3*Seismic Longitudinal + Seismic Transverse + 0.3*Seismic Vertical

Vertical Long. Trans.

Seismic Moment Moment Acting @ Acting @
Component HL (t) HT (t)
Force due to V. due to V. RL (m) RL (m)
(t) Load Load
TOTAL FORCE WITH DL+LL1 20.1 7.2 0.0 52.5 80.028 182.2 0.000
TOTAL FORCE WITH DL+LL2 19.5 108.4 0.0 52.5 80.028 182.2 0.000
TOTAL FORCE WITH DL+LL3 17.5 6.6 0.0 52.5 80.028 182.2 0.000
TOTAL FORCE-UNLOADED 17.5 6.6 0.0 52.5 80.028 182.2 0.000

Seismic Combination 3-SV : 0.3*Seismic Longitudinal + 0.3*Seismic Transverse + Seismic Vertical

Vertical Long. Trans.

Seismic Moment Moment Acting @ Acting @
Component HL (t) HT (t)
Force due to V. due to V. RL (m) RL (m)
(t) Load Load
TOTAL FORCE WITH DL+LL1 66.9 24.0 0.0 52.5 80.028 54.7 0.000
TOTAL FORCE WITH DL+LL2 64.9 361.3 0.0 52.5 80.028 54.7 0.000
TOTAL FORCE WITH DL+LL3 58.4 21.9 0.0 52.5 80.028 54.7 0.000
TOTAL FORCE-UNLOADED 58.4 21.9 0.0 52.5 80.028 54.7 0.000