1.

Pier Cap Dimension

Critical Section for Critical Section for

Shear and Torsion Moment

deff

1.1 m
3.4 m
1.3 m

0.37 3.0 m

3.369 m

deff =
3.446 m 1.323 m
0.5 m 12.0 m

0.6 m

0.8 m

4.3 m 0.47 m

0.500 m

0.625 m

0.800 m

3.4 m

Dia. of circular shaft 3.2 m

Dimension of sq. inscribed in circle 2.263 m
2. Load Result Summary

a) Dead load of superstructure

Node No. 15 435 23 473
Reaction (KN) 534.78 326.69 571.58 354.73

Moment (Mz) 3243.46 KN-m

Moment (Mx) 171.73 KN-m
Shear (Fy) 861.48 KN

b) SIDL Fixed
Node No. 15 435 23 473
Reaction (KN) 142.93 113.71 6.87 -5.11

Moment (Mz) 865.16 KN-m

Moment (Mx) 12.25 KN-m
Shear (Fy) 256.63 KN

c) SIDL Surfacing
Node No. 15 435 23 473
Reaction (KN) 48.99 35.36 50.06 36.45

Moment (Mz) 316.04 KN-m

Moment (Mx) 8.81 KN-m
Shear (Fy) 84.35 KN

d) Live load
Congestion factor for live load 1.15

Type of IRC load Moment LC No. Torsion LC No. Shear LC No.

IRC SV load at 0.3 m eccentric 1323.47 147 306.00 39 261.19 4
1 lane of class A 1867.39 463 353.45 476 542.00 463
2 lane of class A 2153.06 813 392.46 679 578.09 813
3 lane of class A 2092.04 1163 379.08 1176 564.67 1163
1 lane of 70R 2009.33 1422 420.25 1421 523.42 1422
1 lane of class A+1 lane of 70R 2318.62 1918 470.22 1931 632.67 1918

e) Self Weight of Pier cap

Moment (Mz) at critical section 1149.108 KN-m

Torsion (Mx) at critical section 73.226 KN-m
Shear (Fy) at critical section 350.179 KN

3. Load Combination

ULS basic Load 1.35 DL +1.35 SIDL(fixed)+ 1.75 SIDL (Surfacing) + Max.of (1.5 LL (IRC Normal
Combination including impact or congestion)) and (1.0 LL (IRC SV Load))
SLS Rare Load 1.0 DL +1.0 SIDL(fixed) + 1.2 SIDL (Surfacing) + Max.of (1.0 LL (IRC Normal including
Combination impact or congestion)) and (1.0 LL (IRC SV Load))
SLS Quasi-Permanent
1.0 DL +1.0 SIDL(fixed) 1.2 SIDL (Surfacing)
Load Combination
ULS Moment (Mz) 11128.93 KN-m
ULS Torsion (Mx) 1067.96 KN-m
ULS Shear (Fy) 3078.82 KN

Equivalent Bending Moment, 𝑀𝑒 𝑙 = 𝑀 + 𝑀𝑡 As per Appendix

A.4.6.2 of IRC
𝐷 112:2011
𝑇 1+
where, 𝑀𝑡 = 𝑏 891.506 KN-m
1.7
Overall depth of section ,D 1.425 m
Width of section ,b 3.4 m

Equivalent Bending Moment, 12020.437 KN-m

Equivalent Shear 𝑉𝑒 = 𝑉 + 𝑉𝑡

where, 𝑇 502.569 KN
𝑉𝑡 = 1.6 𝑏

Equivalent Shear 3581.38 KN

SLS Rare Load Combination Moment 7955.59 KN-m
SLS Quasi-Permanent Moment 5636.97 KN-m

4. Design

Material details-
Concrete Grade of Pier cap M35
Mean value of axial tensile strength of concrete, fctm 2.8 MPa
Secant modulus of elasticity of conc. Ecm 32 Gpa
Steel Reinf. Grade 500 MPa
Density of concrete 2.5 t/m3
Modulus of elasticity of steel reinf. Es 200 Gpa
Clear cover, c 50 mm
Eff. cover (c') 102.3 mm
Overall depth of section ,D 1.425 m
Effective depth provided, d 1322.72 mm
Width of section ,b 3400 mm

xu lim /d 0.0035Τ 0.0035 + 0.87 𝑓𝑦 Τ𝐸𝑠

0.61674
xu lim 815.78 mm
R lim 0.36 𝑓𝑐𝑘 𝑥𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥 Τ𝑑 1 − 0.416 𝑥𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥 Τ𝑑
5.78 N/mm2

Effective depth Required 𝐌𝐮 782.3 mm OK

𝐑𝐥𝐢𝐦 ∗ 𝐛
To find value of neutral axis
𝑑 𝑑 2 𝑀𝐸𝑑
𝑥𝑢 = - −
2 𝛽2 2 𝛽2 𝛽1 𝛽2 𝑏 𝑓𝑐𝑑

β1 0.80952 Table C 8.1 of IRC SP

β2 0.41597 105-2015
Neutral axis, xu 227.8 mm OK
Lever arm 𝑧 = 𝑑 − 0.416𝑥𝑢 1227.94 mm

𝑀𝐸𝑑 2
Ast Required 𝐴𝑠𝑡 = 22503.68 mm
0.87𝑓𝑦 𝑧
As per Cl. 16.5.1.1(1),
𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑚 2 IRC:112-2011
𝐴𝑠𝑡,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.26 𝑏𝑡 d ≥ 0.0013 𝑏𝑡 d 6548.01 mm
𝑓𝑦𝑘
2
𝐴𝑠𝑡 𝑚𝑎𝑥 ≤ 𝑀𝑖𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝐴𝑙𝑖𝑚. 𝑎𝑛𝑑 0.025 𝐴𝑐 80339.87 mm As per Cl. 16.5.1.1(2),
IRC:112-2011
Provide 26 No. @ 32 φ @ 129.440 c/c
26 No. @ 25 φ @ 129.72 c/c

2
Ast Provided 33673.16 mm OK

(b) Check for One way shear

Shear resistance without shear reinf. -

VRd,c = [0.12K (80ρ1fck)0.33 + 0.15σcp] bwd
≥ [νmin + 0.15σcp] bwd As per Cl. 10.3.2,
IRC:112-2011
Overall depth of section ,D at deff distance 1.266 m
Effective depth, d 1184.10 mm
Lever arm = 0.9d for RCC section, z 1065.7 mm
Longitudinal reinf. Asl 33673.16 mm2
Reinforcement Ratio 𝐴𝑠𝑙 0.0084
𝜌1 = ≤ 0.02
𝑏𝑤 𝑑

200 K 1.082
𝐾 = 1+ ≤2
𝑑
2
𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.031 𝐾 3/2 𝑓𝑐𝑘 1/2 vmin. 0.206 N/mm

Design Shear resistance VRd,c 1332.160 KN Shear Reinf. Require

Design Shear VEd 3581.385 KN

(c) Design Shear resistance with shear reinf. As per Cl. 10.3.3.2 ,
IRC:112-2011
𝐴𝑠𝑤
𝑉𝑅𝑑𝑠 = 𝑠
z 𝑓𝑦𝑤𝑑 cot 𝜃
𝑓𝑐𝑑
𝑉𝑅𝑑𝑚𝑎𝑥. = 𝛼𝑐𝑤 𝑏𝑤 𝑧 𝑣1
𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃+𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃

v1 𝑓
Strength Reduction Factor 0.6 1 − 𝑐𝑘 0.532
310
σcp Mean compressive stress due to design axial 0 Mpa
force
Coefficeint taking account of state of stress
αcw 1
of compression chord
z Lever arm = 0.9d for RCC section 1065.7 mm
fywd Design Yeild strength of shear reinf. 435 MPa

Assumed design compressive strut angle θ o

21.8
Provide 4 legged 16 φ @ 200 c/c
 2
Asw Cross sectional area of shear reinf. 804.25 mm
s Spacing of stirrup 200 mm

Design Shear resistance VRd,s 4661 KN

Vccd Design value of shear component of force in 0 KN has been ignored.
compression area , in case of inclined comp.
chord
Vtd Design value of shear component of force in 0 KN horizontal tension chord
tensile reiforcement , in case of inclined
tensile chord
VRd Shear resitance of member with shear 4661 KN OK
reinfocement

𝐴𝑠𝑤 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑓𝑦𝑤𝑑 1 As per Cl. 10.3.3.2 ,

Asw max .≤ 𝛼𝑐𝑤 𝑣1 𝑓𝑐𝑑 6494.0 mm2
𝑏𝑤 𝑠 2 IRC:112-2011

0.072 𝑓𝑐𝑘
Min. Shear Reinf. Ratio 𝜌𝑤 𝑚𝑖𝑛. = 0.0009 As per Cl. 16.5.2 ,
𝑓𝑦𝑘
IRC:112-2011
𝐴𝑠𝑤
Shear Reinf. Ratio 𝜌𝑤 = 𝑠 𝑏𝑤 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
0.0012 OK

Additional tensile force due to shear ∆𝐹𝑡𝑑 = 0.5 𝑉𝐸𝐷 (cotθ - cotα ) As per Cl. 10.3.3.3 (6)
4477.05 KN , IRC:112-2011
Avail. force (KN) 4858.72 KN
add. long. reinf(mm2) Not addl. long. reinf. require

Design SLS Moment for pier cap , Mu (under Rare Comb.) 7955.59 KN-m
(d) SLS check of pier cap
Es Effective modulus of elasticity of Steel 200000 MPa
Ecm Secant modulus of elasticity of conc. 32000 MPa
Eeff Effective modulus of elasticity of conc. 32000 MPa
2
Ast Tensile reinforcement in per cap 33673.16 mm
d Effective depth provided 1322.722559 mm
m Modular Ratio 6.25
Concrete Grade of foundation M35
Steel Reinf. Grade 500 MPa
−m Ast+ m Ast 2+2b d m Ast
Neutral Axis Depth 𝑥𝑢 =
b

xu Neutral axis depth 347.47 mm

𝑏 𝑥𝑢 3 2
Cracked second moment of area in concrete units 𝐼𝑐𝑟 = 3
+ m 𝐴𝑠𝑡 𝑑 − 𝑥𝑢

4
Icr Cracked second moment of area 2.48E+11 mm

Concrete stress at bottom 11.16 MPa As per cl. 12.2.1(2) of

Tensile stress at top 195.76 MPa IRC 112:2011
As per cl. 12.2.2 of
Compression limit 12.6 MPa IRC 112:2011
Tension limit 300 MPa
d.2) Check for stress after all creep effect has taken place
φ(∞,𝑡o) Final Creep coefficient 1
Eeff Effective modulus of elasticity of concrete 16000.0 MPa
m Modular Ratio 12.5

xu Neutral axis depth 461.717 mm

4
Icr Cracked second moment of area 4.236E+11 mm
As per cl. 12.2.1(2) of
Concrete stress at bottom 8.672 MPa IRC 112:2011
Tensile stress at top 202.135 MPa As per cl. 12.2.2 of
IRC 112:2011
Compression limit 12.6 MPa
Tension limit 300 MPa

(e) Check for crack width (SLS : Quasi-Permanent Combination)

Design SLS Moment , Mu (under Quasi Permnent Comb.) 5636.971 KN-m
φ(∞,𝑡o) Final Creep coefficient 1
Eeff Effective modulus of elasticity of concrete 16000 MPa
αe Modular Ratio 𝐸𝑠 Τ𝐸𝑐𝑚 12.5
h Overall depth of section 1425 mm
d Effective depth provided 1322.722559 mm
2
As tension reinforcement area 33673.2 mm
xu Neutral Axis Depth 461.717 mm
4
Icr Cracked second moment of area in concrete 4.24E+11 mm

σc Concrete stress at bottom 6.144 MPa

Stress in tension reinforcement assumed 143.22 MPa
σ𝑠𝑐
cracked section
c clear cover to long. reinforcement 66 mm
s spacing of bounded reinforcement 129.440 mm
φ Bar Dia. 32 mm
5(c+φ/2) 410 mm
As per cl. 12.3.4(3) of
Maximum crack spacing where spacing of bounded reinforcement ,s ≤ 5(c+φ/2) IRC 112:2011
0.425 𝑘1 𝑘2 Φ
𝑆𝑟,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 3.4 𝑐 +
𝑝𝑝, 𝑒𝑓𝑓

hc,eff lesser of 2.5 (h-d) , (h-x/3) , h/2 255.6936022 mm

2
Ac,eff Effective area of concrete in tension 869358.2474 mm
surrounding the reinf. of depth hc,eff
pp,eff As / Ac,eff 0.039
k1 Coefficient which takes account of bond 0.8 for deformed bar
prop. of the bonded reinforcement
k2 Coefficient which takes account of the 0.5 for bending
distribution of strain
Sr,max. Max. Crack Spacing 364.8 mm As per cl. 12.3.4(2) of
IRC 112:2011
𝑓𝑐𝑡,𝑒𝑓𝑓
σ𝑠𝑐 −𝑘𝑡 (1+α𝑒𝑝𝑝 𝑒𝑓𝑓)
𝑝𝑝,𝑒𝑓𝑓 , σ𝑠𝑐
𝜀𝑠𝑚 − 𝜀𝑐𝑚 = ≥ 0.6
𝐸𝑠 𝐸𝑠
kt factor dependent on duration of the load 0.5
fct,eff Mean value of tensile strength of concrete 2.8 MPa
εsm Mean Strain in the reinforcement
εcm Mean Strain in the concrete between crack
εsm - εcm for pier cap 0.0004
Crack Width, Wk 𝑊𝑘 = 𝑆𝑟,𝑚𝑎𝑥 (𝜀𝑠𝑚 − 𝜀𝑐𝑚 ) As per cl. 14.3.1 of
0.16 IRC 112:2011
As per table 12.1 of
Condition of exposure Severe IRC 112:2011
Permissible Crack Width, wmax. 0.3 mm