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Calculus I

The document covers fundamental concepts in Calculus I, focusing on limits and continuity, including limit notation, one-sided limits, and special limits. It also introduces derivatives, defining them as rates of change and slopes of tangent lines, along with basic derivative rules. Key theorems such as the Intermediate Value Theorem and the Squeeze Theorem are mentioned, emphasizing their importance in understanding continuity and limits.

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2 views

Calculus I

The document covers fundamental concepts in Calculus I, focusing on limits and continuity, including limit notation, one-sided limits, and special limits. It also introduces derivatives, defining them as rates of change and slopes of tangent lines, along with basic derivative rules. Key theorems such as the Intermediate Value Theorem and the Squeeze Theorem are mentioned, emphasizing their importance in understanding continuity and limits.

Uploaded by

singomillionaire
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Calculus I - Course Notes

Limits and Continuity


 Intuitive concept of a limit: Value a function approaches as x approaches a point
 Limit notation: $\lim_{x \to a} f(x) = L$
 One-sided limits: $\lim_{x \to a^-}$ and $\lim_{x \to a^+}$
 Limit laws (sum, product, quotient, power)
 Special limits:
o $\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\sin x}{x} = 1$
o $\lim_{x \to \infty} (1 + \frac{1}{x})^x = e$
 Techniques for evaluating limits:
o Direct substitution
o Factoring and cancellation
o Rationalization
o L'Hôpital's Rule (introduced later)
 Types of discontinuities:
o Removable discontinuity
o Jump discontinuity
o Infinite discontinuity
 Continuity definition: $\lim_{x \to a} f(x) = f(a)$
 Intermediate Value Theorem
 Squeeze Theorem for limits

Derivatives - Definition and Basic Rules


 Derivative as rate of change
 Derivative as slope of tangent line
 Formal definition: $f'(x) = \lim_{h \to 0} \frac{f(x+h) - f(x)}{h}$
 Notation: $f'(x)$, $\frac{dy}{dx}$, $y'$, $D_x[f(x)]$
 Differentiability implies continuity (but not vice versa)
 Basic derivative rules:
o Power rule: $\frac{d}{dx}[x^n] = nx^{n-1}$
o Constant rule: $\frac{d}{dx}[c] = 0$
o

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