A PROJECT REPORT

ON
"E-COMMERCE"
Submitted in partial Fulfilment of the Requirement for the Award of

Diploma
in
Computer Science Engineering
Submitted By

Dinesh Jaiswal 201711001010027

Meraj Alam 201711001010028
Shashank Yadav 201711001010034
Dhananjay Yadav 201811001010071
Anjali Agrawal 201711001010044
Under the Guidance

Mr. D.N Pathak

INSTITUTE OF DIPLOMA STUDIES

SHRI RAMSWAROOP MEMORIAL UNIVERSITY

May 2020
 CERTIFICATE

It is certified that word contained in the project report titled " E-Commerce" by Dinesh Jaiswal

(201711001010027), Meraj Alam (201711001010028), Shashank Yadav (20171100101003),

Dhananjay Yadav (201811001010071), Anjali Agrawal (201711001010044) has been carried

out under my supervision and this work has not been submitted elsewhere for any other

Degree/Diploma

Project Guide Head of Department

Mr. D,N Pathak Mr D.N Pathak

Institute of Diploma Studies

Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University

 ACKKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to thanks the entire faculties of our Department, who have provided us

this final year project and also thankful to our project guide and project Coordinator who

organized our project schedule and also for their benevolent guidance and kind corporation

throughout our project along with completing this project Report.

We also thanks to our classmate who were always ready to clarify our doubts and helped us to

increase our knowledge by illustrating us the finer point

we wish to express our keep gratitude to all the concerned person. whose enthusiast support and

co-ordination are helping us to complete our project in the organization. We hope that our

progress report will reflect our technical knowledge and inattentiveness. which we gained at Shri

Ramswaroop Memorial University

Dinesh Jaiswal
Meraj Alam
Shashank Yadav
Dhananjay Yadav
Anjali Agrawal
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

 Introducing the topic

 Need of the study

 Literature review

 Objective of the study

 Limitation of the study

 Research Methodology

 ER Diagram

 Tools Used

1. Frontend

2. Backend

 Features Advantages and Disadvantages

 Project Scheduling

 System Testing

 Future Scope of the Project

 Conclusion

 Reference
 INTRODUCTION

1. E-COMMERCE

Although the terms e-commerce and e-business are often used interchangeably, there are

differences. E-commerce is the buying and selling of goods and services on the Internet or other

computer network. Any brick and mortar store can become an e-commerce business by adding a

virtual storefront with an online catalogue. In most cases, e-business refers exclusively to Internet

businesses, but it may also refer to any business that uses Internet technology to improve

productivity and profitability.

2. E-BUSINESS

Business transactions that involve the exchange of money are covered by the term e-commerce.

E-business includes all aspects of running a business that sells goods and services, including

marketing, earning and retaining customers, procurement, developing business partners and

customer education. In order to be successful, e-commerce and e-businesses must have quality

storefronts that are simple to navigate and peruse, with accurate and thorough catalogue

information. E-business became an extension of e-commerce to encompass all aspects of

businesses that function online. E-business involves e-commerce, but e-

Commerce does not cover all aspects of e-business.

3. BUSINESS MODELS E-Commerce or Electronics Commerce business models can generally

be categorized in the following categories: -

 Business - to - Business (B2B)

 Business - to - Consumer (B2C)

 Consumer - to - Consumer (C2C)

 Consumer - to - Business (C2B)

 Business - to - Government (B2G)

 Government - to - Business (G2B)

 Government - to - Citizen (G2C)

Business - to - Business (B2B): Website following B2B business model sells its product to an

intermediate buyer who then sells the product to the final customer. As an example, a wholesaler

places an order from a company's website and after receiving the consignment, sells the end

product to final customer who comes to buy the product at wholesaler's retail outlet.
Business - to - Consumer(B2C)

Website following B2C business model sells its product directly to a customer. A customer can

view products shown on the website of business organization. The customer can choose a product

and order the same. Website will send a notification to the business organization via email and

organization will dispatch the product/goods to the customer.

Consumer - to - Consumer (C2C)

Website following C2C business model helps consumer to sell their assets like residential

property, cars, motorcycles etc. or rent a room by publishing their information on the website.

Website may or may not charge the consumer for its services. Another consumer may opt to buy

the product of the first customer by viewing the post/advertisement on the website.
Consumer - to - Business (C2B)

In this model, a consumer approaches website showing multiple business organizations for a

particular service. Consumer places an estimate of amount he/she wants to spend for a particular

service. For example, comparison of interest rates of personal loan/ car loan provided by various

banks via website. Business organization who fulfills the consumer's requirement within specified

budget approaches the customer and provides its services.

Business - to - Government (B2G)

B2G model is a variant of B2B model. Such websites are used by government to trade and

exchange information with various business organizations. Such websites are accredited by the

government and provide a medium to businesses to submit application forms to the government.

Government - to - Business (G2B)

Government uses B2G model website to approach business organizations. Such websites support

auctions, tenders and application submission functionalities.

Government - to - Citizen (G2C)

Government uses G2C model website to approach citizen in general. Such websites support

auctions of vehicles, machinery or any other material. Such website also provides services like

registration for birth, marriage or death certificates. Main objectives of G2C website are to reduce

average time for fulfilling people requests for various government services.
 NEED OF THE STUDY (E-COMMERCE)

1.Exploitation of New Business

Broadly speaking, electronic commerce emphasizes the generation and exploitation of new.

business opportunities and to use popular phrases: “generate business value” or “do more with

less”.

2.Enabling the Customers

Electronic Commerce is enabling the customer to have an increasing say in what products are

made, how products are made and how services are delivered (movement from a slow order

fulfillment process with little understanding of what is taking place inside the firm, to a faster and

rt1ore open process with customers having greater control.

3.Improvement of Business Transaction

Electronic Commerce endeavors to improve the execution of business transaction over various

networks.

4.Effective Performance

It leads to more effective performance i.e. better quality, greater customer satisfaction and better

corporate decision making.

5.Greater Economic Efficiency

We may achieve greater economic efficiency (lower cost) and more rapid exchange (high speed,

accelerated, or real-time interaction) with the help of electronic commerce.

6.Execution of Information

It enables the execution of information-laden transactions between two or more parties using inter

connected networks. These networks can be a combination of ‘plain old telephone system’

(POTS), Cable TV, leased lines and wireless. Information based transactions are creating new

ways of doing business and even new types of business.

7. Incorporating Transaction

Electronic Commerce also inco11'orates transaction management, which organizes, routes,

processes and tracks transactions. It also includes consumers making electronic payments and

funds transfers.

8.Increasing of Revenue

Firm use technology to either lower operating costs or increase revenue. Electronic Commerce

has the Potential to increase revenue by creating new markets for old products, creating new

information-based products, and establishing new service delivery channels to better serve and

interact with customers. The transaction management aspect of electronic commerce can also

enable firms to reduce operating costs by enabling better coordination in the sales, production

and distribution processes and to consolidate operations arid reduce overhead.

9. Reduction of Friction

Electronic Commerce research and its associated implementations is to reduce the “friction” in

on line transactions frictions is often described in economics as transaction cost. It can arise from

inefficient market structures and inefficient combinations of the technological activities required

to make a transaction. Ultimately, the reduction of friction in online commerce will enable

smoother transaction between buyers, intermediaries and sellers.

10.Facilitating of Network Form

Electronic Commerce is also impacting business .to business interactions. It facilitates the

network form of organization where small flexible firms rely on other partner, companies for

component supplies and product distribution to meet changing customer demand more

effectively. Hence, an end to end relationship management solution is a desirable goal that is

needed to manage the chain of networks linking customers, workers, suppliers, distributors and

even competitors. The management of "online transactions" in the supply chain assumes a central

roll.

11.Facilitating for Organizational Model

It is facilitating an organizational model that is fundamentally different from the past. It is a

control organization to the information based organization. The emerging forms of techno-

organizational structure involve changes in managerial responsibilities, communication and

information flows and work group structures.

 LITERATURE REVIEW

Several researchers have carried out studies in their effort to examine consumers ‘online buying

behavior. For example, Bellman et al (1999) investigated various predictors for whether an

individual will purchase online. These authors concluded that demographic variables, such as

income, education and age, have a modest impact on the decision of whether to buy online,

whereas the most important determinant of online shopping was previous behavior, such as earlier

online purchases. This is consistent with Forrester Research which proved that demographic

factors do not have such a high influence on technology as the consumers ‘attitudes do (Modal,

2000). Stein field and Whitten (1999) suggested that the combination of the Internet, plus physical

presence, provides more opportunities to capture business than the online-only presence, because

they can provide better pre-purchase and post-sales services to lower consumer transaction cost

and build trust in online stores. However, it is worth mentioning that beliefs and attitudes that are

found in the stage prior to the adoption of e-commerce are different to those in the ―post-

adoption‖ stage (Geffen et al, 2003; Venkatesh and Brown, 2001; Yu et al, 2005.
OBJECTIVE OF STUDY

 To find the factors that leads a website user to return to or recommend the website

Flipkart.com

 To discover the key factors that influence online buying behaviour of consumers in India

 To identify who are the online shoppers in terms of demography

 To understand the customer awareness on Flipkart.com

 To determine the factors responsible for customer satisfaction

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

No research is complete without admitting the limitations that was faced while conducting a

study which will contribute to present learning. This study too like the others have certain

constrains which has been discussed below.

 The study was restricted to Bangalore city only

 The study is mainly concentrated on Flipkart.com

 The sample of the size will be limited to time and resources

 The information will be collected valid until there is no any technical change or any

innovation

 The result is assuming that respondents have given accurate information

 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

AREA OF STUDY –

B2C Model of E-Commerce taking the example of www.flipkart.com which is our case study of

this project pertaining to one of the models (B2C) of E-Commerce and the main crux of this study

will be to see how www.flipkart.com has utilized the B2C Model to revolutionize E-Commerce

in India.

The Organization, which I have selected for my Study, is “Flipkart.com” an Emerging Indian

online mega store. I would be studying the strategies that the portal have used to attract Indian

masses, so as to give them the total online shopping experience, the portal offers an unique

strategy towards the masses to make payment modes like Cash & Card on delivery, which

invariably helps the masses to avoid the hassle of making online payments, as the credit card

penetration in India is very low, &people are reluctant to make online payments more to do with

the Indians psyche. Since portals are giving a customized offering to the masses i.e rite from the

wider product portfolio to payment options, its making very convenient for the users to have a

online shopping experience hassle free. Flipkart has followed the same business model as of

Amazon.com, i.e starting from selling books therefore we can call it as “ Flipkart - The Amazon

of India “, however Flipkart is now Regional based E-business portal i.e only targeting Indian

Market. More Interesting is that, the minds that worked to start Flipkart are also the Ex. Amazon

Employees.
Flipkart.com is an Indian based e-commerce company started by Binny Bansal and Sachin

Bansal, who previously worked at Amazon.com. Post their experience, they ventured into a

similar e-business idea and launched it in India. Flipkart.com works with the aim of making

products and goods easily available at the doorsteps of anyone who has Internet access.

Flipkart.com started off from selling books in 2007, based in Bangalore, and entered then

consumer electronics category with the launch of mobile phones, in September 2010. Since then

it kept on adding more new products categories including books, mobiles, computers, cameras,

home & electronic gadgets& appliances, In addition to these very Recently, Flipkart.com has also

widened its foray by entering into the emerging digital content market with the recent launch of

Flyte, the digital music store & is still continuing to enlarge its product portfolio. It is now one of

the leading e-commerce players in India, currently ranked no.1 online shopping site in India,

spread in 37 cities, with 11.5 million plus book titles, 14 different categories, 26 million plus

registered users and sale of 100000 items a day. It provides online shoppers a memorable online-

shopping experience because of its innovative services like:

• Cash on Delivery,

• 30-day replacement policy,

• Easy Monthly Instalment options (EMI),

• Free shipping

• Discounted prices & deals

 ER Diagram

The diagram is the concept of our Project and it is the perfect Diagram of our System and

the first testing of the Project is success we provide all the detail from the diagram
 Tools Used

1.Frontend: Frontend is what appears on the user’s side most and what entices the users to give

the website a stroll. Hence, the designers work at the base level of this process. The UI designer

and UX engineer both works collaboratively to make the website appear at its best with less delay

and amazing easy to navigate functionalities. The aim to choose the most creative and useful

technologies are:

1. Make the website look great

2. Build the website to load faster

3. Increase responsiveness and device portability

HTML: HTML is probably the primary language all the developer’s expertise at the very

beginning. The reason is, HTML provides building blocks to all websites, particularly text and

images.

JavaScript: Once there is a clear understanding of HTML and the webpage skeleton, there comes

the need of enriching the page with more and more content. This is the trickiest part to build a

better website for ecommerce business, as we all know content is what the customers look for in

the website.
2.Backend: if the back doesn’t support well, there will be no more standing ecommerce website

to survive the competitive market or so it seems. Technologies are pretty complex and boring in

back-end. But, the developers know what can make the process more interesting. That is to use

right technology to do the right functionality work well.

PHP: Among all other scripting languages, PHP is probably the most popular language for

ecommerce web development. Since its pre-installed in almost all hosting services, developers

find it convenient and clever choice to build web based services and applications. The classic and

popular frameworks among developers’ community, for PHP are Zend Framework and Symfony.

Here, at Brain Station 23 have been using CakePHP and Symfony2 for several projects, it was a

very good tool or so the developers think. However, nowadays there are many good alternatives,

MySQL: MySQL is the most popular DBMS for developing ecommerce websites. Ecommerce

is based on lots and lots on content stored in the database to serve the users helping them taking

the purchase decision. Hence, the rendering and loading of rightly filtered data is crucial. In this

business, MySQL started as a stripped-down tool bringing more speed, although it was adding

features until being a complete and fast solution. Since the time, it was purchased by Oracle, there

is a fork to keep the project open source called Maria DB.

 Features, Advantage and Disadvantage

Features:

1.Ubiquity- The traditional business market is a physical place, access to treatment by means of

document circulation. For example, clothes and shoes are usually directed to encourage customers

to go somewhere to buy. E-commerce is ubiquitous meaning that it can be everywhere. E-

commerce is the world's reduce cognitive energy required to complete the task.

2.Global Reach- E-commerce allows business transactions on the cross country bound can be

more convenient and more effective as compared with the traditional commerce. On the e-

commerce businesses potential market scale is roughly equivalent to the network the size of the

world’s population.

3.Universal Standards- E-commerce technologies is an unusual feature, is the technical standard

of the Internet, so to carry out the technical standard of e-commerce is shared by all countries

around the world standard. Standard can greatly affect the market entry cost and considering the

cost of the goods on the market. The standard can make technology business existing become

more easily, which can reduce the cost, technique of indirect costs in addition can set the

electronic commerce website 10$ / month.

4.Richness- Advertising and branding are an important part of commerce. E-commerce can

deliver video, audio, animation, billboards, signs and etc. However, it’s about as rich as television

technology.

5.Interactivity- Twentieth Century electronic commerce business technology is called

interactive, so they allow for two-way communication between businesses and consumers.

6.Information Density- The density of information the Internet has greatly improved, as long as

the total amount and all markets, consumers and businesses quality information. The electronic

commerce technology, reduce the information collection, storage, communication and processing

cost. At the same time, accuracy and timeliness of the information technology increases greatly,

information is more useful, more important than ever.

7.Personalization- E-commerce technology allows for personalization. Business can be adjusted

for a name, a person’s interests and past purchase message objects and marketing message to a

specific individual. The technology also allows for custom. Merchants can change the product or

service based on user preferences, or previous behaviour.

Advantage

1. Speed up the buying process and save time for customers

It literally speeds up the buying process because when someone thinks of buying one specific

product from the physical store which is very far and not easily available. Here how the e-

commerce helps the customer to avail the specific product easily and speedily

2. Personalize the store as per the customer expectation.

One of the online business benefit which will enhance your online shopping experience. It is

because every purchase which is made online will be referred as per location and recommended

as per customers advanced searches

3. Reduce recurring cost while hiring virtual support resources.

One of the factors which can benefit in e-commerce is that by hiring employees is affordable. It

is like you can choose to outsource your task and work to your virtual assistants in different

countries.
4.Easily retarget your customers: There are many ways to retarget the customer and sell

the product nicely. Below are some of the techniques which you can use to retarget customers:-

 Share a coupon when customers leave the checkout page.

 Even by sending emails which are pitching upsell and cross-sell.

 Can be done through Google paid and organic search results.

 It can be done through the customer’s number of visits to a specific page with a certain

period of time.

5. Easier to encourage an impulse buy

Impulse buying is one of the techniques where it works as a common behavior of customer’s

perception towards a particular product. It is related to the control of human psychological

behavior which is like some people possess personality traits that can be said as impulse buying

tendencies.

6. Reviews Available

It has so many positive recommendations which can give more values to your e-commerce

website and help customers to build more trust over a particular product. It can help you to be

clear and more visible about the product that helps you with more product selection too.
Disadvantage

1.Lack of Personal Touch:

It is kind of consumer feeling that consumer can’t feel and touch the product. Sometimes no

matter how good a product is explained and expressed you will not be able to sense the touch,

smell, taste, and sound, through the dimensionality of a screen. This is what makes e-commerce

sometime in a situation where customer faces bit trust issues over products

2. Unsure about the quality

One of the biggest problems with buying things online is that you will have no guarantee of a

products’ quality. Reviews are not always helpful and though all the researches will never assure

you about the quality of a product.

3. Late Delivery

When someone plans to order a product online they are never assured to get delivered as per time

and there are plenty of issues which make such situation very delicate for customers.

4. Security issues

E-commerce sites record all the important details about the customers which are to be kept

secured because it includes details like name, phone no, address, and bank details. If in these case

sites don’t implement rigorous cybersecurity quantity.

5. Internet bandwidth

E-commerce is the store which totally runs on the internet and though it needs a good connection

to run the business online. If you are not the good bandwidth connection than you might face

issue with placing the orders, loading pages, and check out issues too. The services are online, so

there will be always some issues with the internet bandwidth and this issue works contrary from

both ends.

6. Some products are difficult to purchase online

Yes, it is true some products are really difficult to purchase online like, gold, spectacles and other

which you required very customized one. It is not that easy to trust on those which are kept online

in an image to express but let’s say for example gold is not the product which can be easily

purchased online. One has to verify physically and has to look on to the size too, so it is not easy

at all to purchase online

 Project Scheduling

What Is Project Scheduling?

Project scheduling is a mechanism to communicate what tasks need to get done and which

organizational resources will be allocated to complete those tasks in what timeframe. A project

schedule is a document collecting all the work needed to deliver the project on time.

But when it comes to creating a project schedule, well, that’s something few have deep experience

with.

What and who is being scheduled, and for what purposes, and where is this scheduling taking

place, anyway?

A project is made up of many tasks, and each task is given a start and end (or due date), so it can

be completed on time. Likewise, people have different schedules, and their availability and

vacation or leave dates need to be documented in order to successfully plan those tasks.

Whereas people in the past might have printed calendars on a shared wall in the water-cooler

room, or shared spreadsheets via email, today most teams use online project scheduling tools.

Typically, project scheduling is just one feature within a larger project management software

solution, and there are many different places in the software where scheduling takes place.
1.Define Activities

What are the activities that you have to do in the project? By using a Work Breakdown Structure

(WBS) and a deliverables diagram, you can begin to take these activities and organize them by

mapping out the tasks necessary to complete them in an order than makes sense.

2.Do Estimates

Now that you have the activities defined and broken down into tasks, you next have to determine

the time and effort it will take to complete them. This is an essential piece of the equation in order

to calculate the correct schedule.

3.Determine Dependencies

Tasks are not an island, and often one cannot be started until the other is completed. That’s called

a task dependency, and your schedule is going to have to reflect these linked tasks. One way to

do this is by putting a bit of slack in your schedule to accommodate these related tasks.

4.Assign Resources

The last step to finalizing your planned schedule is to decide on what resources you are going to

need to get those tasks done on time. You’re going to have to assemble a team, and their time will

need to be scheduled just like the tasks.

How to Maintain Your Schedule Once the Project Is Initiated

Once you’ve got all the pieces of your schedule together, the last thing you want to do is manually

punch it into a static document like an Excel spreadsheet. Project management software can

automate much of the process for you. But not all project management software is the same.

There are programs on the market that are great for simple scheduling duties, but when you’re

leading a project, big or small, you need a tool that can adapt to the variety of scheduling issues

you’re going to need to track. Like noted above, there are three tiers of scheduling: tasks, people

and projects.
1.Scheduling Tasks

What you want when scheduling tasks is not a glorified to-do list, but a smart software that gives

you the flexibility to handle the variety of responsibilities attached to each tasks in your project.

An interactive Gantt chart is crucial. You can add tasks and dates into your Gantt chart to have a

visual representation of each task’s duration. Better still, as dates change—as they inevitably do—

you can simply drag and drop those changes and the whole Gantt chart is updated instantly

2.Scheduling People

Your tasks aren’t going to complete themselves. That’s why you have assembled a team, but if

that team isn’t scheduled the way you have carefully scheduled your task list, then you’re not

managing your project.

Over the course of a project’s lifecycle team members are going to take off for holidays, personal

days or vacation. If you’re not prepared for these times, and have scheduled other team members

to pick up the slack in their absence, your schedule will suffer.

 System Testing

System Testing is a type of software testing that is performed on a complete integrated system

to evaluate the compliance of the system with the corresponding requirements.

In system testing, integration testing passed components are taken as input. The goal of

integration testing is to detect any irregularity between the units that are integrated together.

System testing detects defects within both the integrated units and the whole system. The result

of system testing is the observed behavior of a component or a system when it is tested.

System Testing is carried out on the whole system in the context of either system requirement

specifications or functional requirement specifications or in the context of both. System testing

tests the design and behavior of the system and also the expectations of the customer. It is

performed to test the system beyond the bounds mentioned in the software requirements

specification (SRS).
System Testing is a black-box testing.

System Testing is performed after the integration testing and before the acceptance testing.
System Testing Process:

System Testing is performed in the following steps:

 Test Environment Setup:

Create testing environment for the better quality testing.

 Create Test Case:

Generate test case for the testing process.

 Create Test Data:

Generate the data that is to be tested.

 Execute Test Case:

After the generation of the test case and the test data, test cases are executed.

 Defect Reporting:

Defects in the system are detected.

 Regression Testing:

It is carried out to test the side effects of the testing process.

 Log Defects:

Defects are fixed in this step.

 Retest:

If the test is not successful then again test is performed.

Types of System Testing:

 Performance Testing:

Performance Testing is a type of software testing that is carried out to test the speed,

scalability, stability and reliability of the software product or application.

 Load Testing:

Load Testing is a type of software Testing which is carried out to determine the behavior

of a system or software product under extreme load.

 Stress Testing:

Stress Testing is a type of software testing performed to check the robustness of the system

under the varying loads.

 Scalability Testing:

Scalability Testing is a type of software testing which is carried out to check the

performance of a software application or system in terms of its capability to scale up or

scale down the number of user request load.

White Box Testing

If we go by the definition, “White box testing” (also known as clear, glass box or structural

testing) is a testing technique which evaluates the code and the internal structure of a program.

White box testing involves looking at the structure of the code. When you know the internal

structure of a product, tests can be conducted to ensure that the internal operations performed

according to the specification. And all internal components have been adequately exercised.

White Box Testing is coverage of the specification in the code:

1. Code coverage

2. Segment coverage: Ensure that each code statement is executed once.

3. Branch Coverage or Node Testing: Coverage of each code branch in from all possible was.

4. Compound Condition Coverage: For multiple conditions test each condition with multiple

paths and combination of the different path to reach that condition.

5. Basis Path Testing: Each independent path in the code is taken for testing.

6. Data Flow Testing (DFT): In this approach you track the specific variables through each

possible calculation, thus defining the set of intermediate paths through the code.DFT tends to

reflect dependencies but it is mainly through sequences of data manipulation. In short, each data

variable is tracked and its use is verified. This approach tends to uncover bugs like variables

used but not initialize, or declared but not used, and so on.
7. Path Testing: Path testing is where all possible paths through the code are defined and

covered. It's a time-consuming task.

8. Loop Testing: These strategies relate to testing single loops, concatenated loops, and nested

loops. Independent and dependent code loops and values are tested by this approach.

Why we perform WBT?

To ensure:

 That all independent paths within a module have been exercised at least once.

 All logical decisions verified on their true and false values.

 All loops executed at their boundaries and within their operational bounds internal data

structures validity.

To discover the following types of bugs:

 Logical error tend to creep into our work when we design and implement functions,

conditions or controls that are out of the program

 The design errors due to difference between logical flow of the program and the actual

implementation

 Typographical errors and syntax checking

 Future Scope of E-Commerce
We all know that the Internet has become the lifeline of any business. The simplest definition of

Business is – Any activity or transaction which involves the exchange of goods and services with

an objective of earning an income by making a profit. If this very transaction is executed over the

internet it is called E-commerce.

The current trends show that the use of the Internet, smart phones and the confidence of the people

in using their credit cards online is growing exponentially. Hence, ecommerce is here to stay, and

we have to adapt ourselves to become smarter online buyers and sellers and web entrepreneurs –

because all the basic principles of the real world business apply to ecommerce also.

The e-commerce spending and online buyers and penetration of e-commerce will surely grow but

the growth will vary from country to country and affect the online market at various time periods,

but eventually when all the continent markets mature, the global market will shrink the

geographic boundaries further – giving rise to further impetus for a favorable online scenario.
1. Personalization and Customer Engagement

Compared to traditional retail shopping, ecommerce stores lack face-to-face personal interaction.

Online stores do not have a retail clerk who can recommend products based on your interests,

tastes, and preferences.

To mimic this experience, ecommerce companies leverage personalization opportunities

throughout the shopping journey. Much like online course providers are replacing the need for

in-person teaching, ecommerce is replacing the need for in-store retail experiences.

Using personal online data such as search queries, page visits, and purchase history, brands

transform their online stores to best serve the customer’s needs and interests. For instance, login

to your Amazon account. You’ll find recommended products based on your past purchases, ads

tailored to your search history, and marketing copy speaking directly to you. Expect more brands

to follow suit as personalization technology becomes easier to integrate into ecommerce sites.

Much like personalized emails generate 6x higher transaction rates and convert better than cold

emails, consumers spend 48% more when their experience is personalized. In an age where

privacy is key, studies also showed 57 percent of online shoppers are comfortable with providing

personal information to a brand, as long as it directly benefits their shopping experience.

2. AI, Assistants, and Chabot's

In 2019, robots will invade ecommerce stores. Well, robots such as Chabot's and artificial

intelligence (AI) designed to enhance a customer’s overall shopping experience.

AI assistants can handle a number of tasks typically assigned to a human, such as managing

inventory or handling inquiries. These digital assistants carry out various processes, freeing up

time for you to focus on other aspects of running the business.

For instance, Chabot's can fulfill a number of customer service needs, from answering questions

about a product to discussing a complaint. AI and Chabot's also learn from customer

conversations and evolve to better assist in a user’s personalized ecommerce experience.

3. More Custom Retail Experiences

Did you think ecommerce was killing brick and mortar stores? If so, think again.

While many big-box stores are in fact going bankrupt, retail experiences aren’t going away –

they’re just adapting to a new reality. Remember that in-person, physical product experience we

just discussed? While interactive product technology, personalization, and Chabot's all work to

replicate that feeling online, no technology can truly replace every detail of an in-store experience
 Conclusion
The thorough study is based on the consumer behaviour analysis which serves a great idea

regarding consumer perception when they go for online shopping. In order to satisfy themselves

consumer perceive many things before buying products and they will be satisfied if the company

meet their expectation. The Overall Brand Value of product is good, but it is facing some tough

competition from its global competitors like Online shopping company. Talking about domestic

market i.e India, it is the most superior E-business portal which is aggressively expanding &

planting its roots deep into the Indian market & at the same time shifting the mind-set of the

people from going &shopping from physical store to online stores, which is magnificent! Be very

focused on consumers and build amazing experiences for the customers.

 Reference

 www.flipkart.com

 www.marketoperation.co

 www.ecommerce-land.com

 www.commodityindia.com

 WIKIPEDIA