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Sheet 5

The document outlines a course on Combined Gas/Steam Turbine Power Plants, detailing calculations for thermal efficiency, mass flow rates, and power generation based on various operational parameters. It includes multiple figures and scenarios for analysis, focusing on steam conditions, fuel mass flow, and the impact of supplementary firing on efficiency. Assumptions regarding losses and efficiencies are specified to guide the calculations required for understanding the plant's performance.

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5 views

Sheet 5

The document outlines a course on Combined Gas/Steam Turbine Power Plants, detailing calculations for thermal efficiency, mass flow rates, and power generation based on various operational parameters. It includes multiple figures and scenarios for analysis, focusing on steam conditions, fuel mass flow, and the impact of supplementary firing on efficiency. Assumptions regarding losses and efficiencies are specified to guide the calculations required for understanding the plant's performance.

Uploaded by

ibrahem9hakim5
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PORT SAID UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
MECHANICAL POWER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Mechanical Power Engineering


PROGRAM/ YEAR SEMESTER Second
2018 - 2019
Thermal and Nuclear
COURSE TITLE: COURSE CODE: MPE440
Power Plants

Sheet 5
Combined Gas/Steam Turbine Power Plants
1- Figure 1 shows the arrangement of a combined gas/steam turbine power plant
with a supplementary firing in the heat recovery boiler and the corresponding (T-s)
diagram on the gas side. Steam condition at turbine inlet are 100 bar and 500 C and at
exit 0.07 bar and 0.9 dryness fraction. Use the given data on figure to calculate the
overall thermal efficiency of the plant. Neglect radiation, mechanical, and generator
losses.

Fig. 1
2- Figure 2 shows the arrangement of a combined gas/steam power plant of modern
design with a supercharged boiler and a steam injected gas turbine. The injected steam
is generated from a heat recovery boiler. Natural gas is used as fuel. The feed water
circuit for the steam plant comprises one regenerative feed water heater with
steam extracted from the turbine at 2 bar. The following data are applicable:
Mass flow rate of air …………………………….. 200 kg/s
Compressor pressure ratio ……………………… 16
Adiabatic combustion temperature in the supercharged boiler (3' ) 1500 C
Gas temperature at SC-boiler exit (3) ……………..….. 1100 C
Compressor and gas turbine polytropic efficiency ………….... 0.9
Live steam conditions for supercharged boiler (9) ……. 140 bar & 580 C
Live steam conditions for heat recovery boiler (8) …..… 16 bar & 400 C
Mass flow rate of injection steam generated from HRB … 100 % of total amount of
steam from SCB
Condenser inlet conditions (11) …… …… 0.07 bar & 0.9 dry
Water temperature at HRB inlet (7) …………… 20 C
Natural gas lower heating value ……… . 40000 kJ/kg
The following assumptions are made:-Work of pumps, pressure losses, kinetic and
potential energy differences, mechanical, generator losses, and radiation heat losses are
neglected - The expansion line in steam turbine cylinder is straight.
Sketch the process on gas side in (h-s) diagram, indicate points 1, 2, 2', 3, 4, 5, 6 and
calculate the following:
40.1 The mass flow rate of steam generated from SC-boiler.
40.2 The fuel mass flow rate in kg/s.
40.3 The gas temperature after steam injection at gas turbine inlet (4).
40.4 The overall thermal efficiency of the combined plant.
40.5 The rate of exergy of final exhaust gases.

Fig. 2
3- Figure 3 shows the arrangements of the components in a modern steam-
injected combined-cycle power plant. The heat recovery boiler generates 2 equal
portions of steam for both of power generation from steam turbine and for steam
injection in the combustor. Further, the turbine exhaust steam is mixed with the
compressed air before entering the combustor. Fuel lower heating value is 40,000
kJ/kg. All pressure drops, pump works, mechanical and generator losses, and heat
losses are neglected. Polytropic and isentropic efficiencies of the machines are assumed
100%. Use the given data on figure to calculate:
a) The compressor and gas turbine pressure ratio (and hence the steam
pressure at turbine exit and the low pressure steam injection pressure is
determined).
b) The mass flow rate of fuel consumed and of steam generated (2 equations
in 2 unknowns).
c) The overall thermal efficiency of the plant.

Fig. 3
4- Using the data on Fig. 4 and the corresponding (T-Q) diagram of the steam generator
calculate the net power and the overall thermal efficiency of the combined plant.
The pressure of helium at compressor inlet at full load is 5 bar. Neglect the
pump work, mechanical and generator losses and take the polytropic efficiency for both
of gas turbine and compressor 0.9.
If a pressure control is applied to the gas turbine cycle, such that the pressure
at compressor inlet is reduced to 3 bar, what would be the new values of the rate of
heat added to the steam generator, the net power, and the overall thermal
efficiency?

Fig. 4
5- . The following data and the (T-Q) diagram are applicable for a combined cycle
plant with a heat recovery boiler:
Compressor and gas turbine pressure ratio = 4.
Exhaust steam conditions from turbine 0.07 & 0.9 dry.
A single feed water heater (deaerator) is used.
Sketch the layout of the plant and calculate:
a) The net electrical power.
b) The overall thermal efficiency.
c) The boiler thermal efficiency.
d) The rate of exergy loss in the heat recovery boiler.
e) If a supplementary firing is used in the boiler to increase the steam mass flow
rate, while the steam temperature and pressure are controlled to remain constant,
what is the new value of the overall thermal efficiency? In this case take a/f =15
in the boiler and the fuel lower heating value = 40000 kJ/kg.

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