Class 10th HSV Global School

1. Show that the relation R on the set R of real numbers, defined as R = {(a, b) : a ≤ b2 }, is neither
reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive.
2. Let Q be the set of all rational numbers and R be the relation on Q defined by
R = {(x, y) : 1 + xy > 0}. Prove that R is reflexive and symmetric but not transitive.
3. Let R be the set of all real numbers and R be the relation on R defined by
R ={(a, b) : |a| ≤ b}. Show that R is neither reflexive nor symmetric but transitive.
4. Let Z be the set of all integers and R be a relation on Z defined as R ={(a, b) : a, b ∈ Z and (a-b)
is divisible by 5}. Prove that R is an equivalence relation.
5. Prove that the relation R in the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} given by R = {(a, b): |a-b| is even}, is an
equivalence relation.
6. Show that the relation R in the set A = {x : x ∈ W, 0 ≤ x ≤ 12} given by
R = {(a, b) : |a-b| is a multiple of 4} is an equivalence relation. Also find the set of all elements
related to 2.
7. Let f : X→Y be a function. Define a relation R in X given by R = {(a, b) : f(a) = f(b)}. Examine,
if R is an equivalence relation.
8. Show that the relation R defined by (a, b) R (c, d) iff a+d = b+c on the set N×N is an
equivalence relation.
9. Let N be the set of natural numbers and R be the relation on N×N defined by (a, b) R (c, d) iff
ad = bc for all a, b, c, d ∈ N. Show that R is an equivalence relation.
10. Show that the relation R in the set A = {1, 2, 3} given by R = {(1,1)(2,2)(3,3)(1,2)(2,3)} is
reflexive but neither symmetric nor transitive.
11. Let T be the set of all triangles drawn in a plane with R as a relation in T given by
R = {(T1, T2) : T1 ≅ T2}. Show that R is an equivalence relation.
12. Show that the relation R in the set A of all books in a library of a school, given by
R = {(x, y) : x and y have same number of pages}, is an equivalence relation.
13. Show that the relation R in set A of all triangles, given by R = {(T1, T2) : T1 ~ T2}, is an
equivalence relation. Consider three triangle T1 with sides 3, 4, 5; T2 with sides 5, 12, 13 and T3
with sides 6, 8, 10. Which triangles among T1, T2 and T3 are related?
14. Show that the relation R in the set A of all polygons, given by R = {(P1 , P2 ) : P1 and P2 have
same number of sides}, is an equivalence relation. What is the set of all elements in A related to
the right triangle T with sides 3, 4 and 5?
15. Show that the relation R defined in the set L of all straight lines drawn in the XY-plane, given
by R = {(L1 , L2 ) : L1 is parallel to L2 }, is an equivalence relation. Find the set of all straight lines
related to the line y = 2x + 4.
16. Show that the relation R on the set I of all integers defined by
R = {(a, b) : a-b is divisible by 3, a, b ∈ I} is an equivalence relation.
17. Show that the relation R in the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, given by R = {(a, b) : |a-b| is even}, is an
equivalence relation. Also show that all the elements of {1, 3, 5} are related to each other and
all the elements of {2, 4} are related to each other but no element of {1, 3, 5} is related to any
element of {2, 4}
18. Show that the relation S in the set A = {x ∈ Z : 0 ≤ x ≤ 12} given by
S = {(a, b) : a, b ∈ A, |a-b| is divisible by 4} is an equivalence relation. Find the set of elements
related to 1.
19. Show that the relation R in the set A = {x ∈ W, 0 ≤ x ≤ 17} given by
a. R = {(a, b) : |a-b| is a multiple of 5}
b. R = {(a, b) : a = b} are equivalence relations. Find the set of all elements related to 2 in
each case.
𝑛+1
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑑𝑑
20. Let f : N→N be defined by f(n) = { 𝑛2 for all n ∈ N. Examine whether the function
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
2

f is onto, one-one or bijective.

x
21. Show that the function f : R →R defined by f(x) = is neither one-one nor onto.
x2 +1

22. Show that the function f : R→R defined by f (x) = 2x 3 -7 for all x ∈ R is bijective.
n + 1, if n is even
23. Show that the function f : W→W defined by f(n) = { is bijective.
n − 1, if n is odd
1, x > 0
24. Show that the signum function f : R→R defined by f(x) = { 0, x = 0 is neither one-one nor
−1, x < 0
onto.
25. Let f : R→R be defined as f(x) = x 4 . Show that f is neither one-one nor onto.
n+1
, if n is odd
26. Let f : N→N be defined by f(n) = { n2 for all n ∈ N. Find whether the function is
, if n is even
2

bijective.
n + 1, if n is odd
27. Show that the function f : N →N defined by f(n) = { is both one-one and onto.
n − 1, if n is even
28. If f : R→R is defined by f(x) = 3x+2, find (fof) (x).
29. If f : R→R is given by f(x) = (3 − x 3 )1/3 , show that fof = IR , where IR is the identity map on R.
30. Let R be the set of all real numbers. If f : R→R is given by f(x) = 3x+2 for all x ∈ R and g :
x
R→R is given by g(x) = for all x ∈ R, find the following :
x2 +1

a) fog b) gof c) fof d) gog

 7 3 3x+4
31. Let A = R - { }, B = R - { }, function f : A→B and g : B→A be defined by f(x) = and g(x)
5 5 5x−7
7x+4
= . Show that gof = IA and fog = IB , where IA and IB are identity functions on A and B
5x−3

respectively.
32. Let f : R→R be defined as f(x) = 10x+7. Find the function g : R→R such that gof = fog = IR .
33. Consider the function f : R→R defined by f(x) = 4x+3. Show that f is invertible. Also find the
inverse of f.
x−2
34. Let A = R – {3} and B = R – {1}. Consider the function f : A→B defined by f(x) = . Show
x−3

that f is one-one and onto. Hence find f −1 .

2 4x+3
35. If A = R - { } and a function f : A→A is defined by f(x) = . Show that f is one-one and onto.
3 6x−4

Hence find f −1 .
36. Consider f : R + →[4,∞) given by f(x) = x 2 + 4. Show that f is invertible with the inverse ‘f −1 ’
given by f −1 (y) = √y − 4, where R + is the set of all non-negative real numbers.
37. Consider the function f : R + →[-5, ∞) defined by f(x) = 9x 2 +6x-5, where R + is the set of all
non-negative real numbers. Show that f is invertible and find its inverse.
3x−2
38. If f : R→R defined by f(x) = is inversible, find the inverse of f.
5