STUDENT RESULT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction on database management system:
A Database Management System (DBMS) is a software system designed to store, retrieve,
define, and manage data in a structured and efficient manner. It acts as an interface between
end users and databases, ensuring data is consistently organized and easily accessible.

The primary goal of a DBMS is to provide a way to store and retrieve database information
that is both convenient and efficient. It allows for data manipulation, transaction
management, concurrency control, and database recovery. Modern DBMSs also support
security mechanisms to restrict unauthorized access and maintain data integrity.

There are various types of DBMSs such as relational, hierarchical, network, and object-
oriented, with Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS) being the most widely
used. Examples include MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, and Microsoft SQL Server.

In the context of the Students Result Management System, a DBMS is essential for managing
student records, course details, marks, and results securely and systematically. It ensures data
consistency, facilitates quick access, and supports the smooth functioning of all system
modules.

Key functions of a DBMS include:

 Data Storage Management: Efficient organization of data in structured formats.

 Data Retrieval: Allowing users to access data quickly using queries.

 Data Integrity: Ensuring accuracy and consistency of data.

 Security: Protecting sensitive data from unauthorized access.

 Backup and Recovery: Safeguarding data through backup and restore mechanisms.

1.2 Introduction to file structure:

File structure refers to the way data is stored, organized, and managed in a storage system,
such as a computer's hard drive or a database. Understanding file structure is essential for
efficiently accessing, processing, and maintaining data.

DEPT. of ISE,PESITM PAGE 1

 STUDENT RESULT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

1.2.1 File structure: It is a combination of

 Data organization
 Access method
 Storage format

File structure is a combination of how data is organized, accessed, formatted, and managed
by the operating system and applications.

1.3 Introduction on the mini project:

A Student Results Management System (SRMS) is a digital platform designed to efficiently

handle the processing, storage, and retrieval of student academic results. It automates the
process of recording marks, calculating grades, generating report cards, and providing
performance analytics. This system ensures accuracy, minimizes human error, and saves time
for both educators and administrative staff.

SRMS is widely used in schools, colleges, and universities to streamline the evaluation
process and offer students and parents easy access to academic performance data. By
integrating features like data security, access control, and real-time updates, SRMS supports
transparency and enhances the overall educational experience.

1.4 Objective:

The primary objective of the Student Results Management System (SRMS) is to develop a
secure, user-friendly, and efficient platform for managing student academic results. The
system aims to automate the process of entering, calculating, storing, and retrieving student
grades, thereby reducing manual effort and minimizing errors. It will provide timely access to
performance data for students, teachers, and administrators, facilitate the generation of result
reports, and ensure the integrity and confidentiality of academic records.

1.5 Scope:

The Student Results Management System (SRMS) is designed to cater to the academic result
management needs of educational institutions such as schools, colleges, and universities. The
system will support the following key functionalities:

 Student Management: Add, update, and maintain student profiles.

DEPT. of ISE,PESITM PAGE 2

 STUDENT RESULT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

 Result Entry and Processing: Allow authorized staff to input marks, calculate grades,
and process results.
 Report Generation: Generate individual and class-wise result reports, grade sheets,
and performance summaries.
 Access Control: Provide role-based access for students, teachers, and administrators
to ensure data security.
 Performance Analytics: Offer insights into student performance trends for academic
planning.
 Accessibility: Ensure that results are accessible online to authorized users anytime,
anywhere.

This system will initially focus on academic results only and may be extended in the future to
include attendance tracking, course registration, or other academic services.

1.6 REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION:

Software Requirement:

Web Browser Google Chrome or any compatible browser.

operating System Windows or any equivalent OS
Server side language PHP or above version
Web Server APACHE
Database Server MySQL
Operating System Windows or any equivalent OS
Front-end HTML, CSS, Javascript
Back-end MySQL

1.7 USECASE DIAGRAMS:

Use case diagrams model behavior within a system and helps the developers understand of
what the user require. The stick man represents what’s called an actor. Use case diagram can
be useful for getting an overall view of the system and clarifying who can do and more
importantly what they can’t do. Use case diagram consists of use cases and actors and shows
the interaction between the use case and actors.

• The purpose is to show the interactions between the use case and actor.

DEPT. of ISE,PESITM PAGE 3

 STUDENT RESULT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

• To represent the system requirements from user’s perspective.

• An actor could be the end-user of the system or an external system.

A Use case is a description of set of sequence of actions. Graphically it is rendered as an

ellipse with solid line including only its name. Use case diagram is a behavioral diagram that
shows a set of use cases and actors and their relationship. It is an association between the use
cases and actors. An actor represents a real-world object. Primary actor-sender, Secondary
actor-Receiver. The use-case diagram of two modules are as followed:

1.8 E-R Diagram:

the ER model is a conceptual data model that views the real world as entities and
relationships. A basic component of the model is the Entity-Relationship diagram which is

DEPT. of ISE,PESITM PAGE 4

 STUDENT RESULT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

used to visually represent data objects. Since Chen wrote his paper the model has been
extended and today it is commonly used for database design for the database designer, the
utility of the ER model is:

 It maps well to the relational model. The constructs used in the ER model can easily
be transformed into relational tables.
 It is simple and easy to understand with a minimum of training. Therefore, the model
can be used by the database designer to communicate the design to the end user.
 In addition, the model can be used as a design plan by the database developer to
implement a data model in specific database management software.

DEPT. of ISE,PESITM PAGE 5

 STUDENT RESULT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

CHAPTER 2

ALGORITHM

The Students Result Management System follows a logical sequence of operations to ensure
smooth functioning and accurate result computation. Below is the general algorithm used in
the system:

1. User Authentication
o Input: Username and password

o Process: Check credentials against the database

o Output: Grant or deny access based on user role

2. Student Registration (Admin)

o Input: Student details (Name, Email, Department, etc.)

o Process: Validate inputs and store in the student table

o Output: Confirmation of registration

3. Course Management (Admin)

o Input: Course details (Course Code, Title, Credit)

o Process: Validate and insert into the course table

o Output: Course added to the database

4. Result Entry (Admin)

o Input: Student ID, Course ID, Marks

o Process:

 Validate student and course existence

 Calculate grade based on marks
 Store data in the result table
o Output: Confirmation of result entry

5. Result Calculation
o Input: Marks

o Process:

DEPT. of ISE,PESITM PAGE 6

 STUDENT RESULT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

 If marks ≥ 90 → Grade = A
 If 80 ≤ marks < 90 → Grade = B
 If 70 ≤ marks < 80 → Grade = C
 If 60 ≤ marks < 70 → Grade = D
 Else → Grade = F
o Output: Grade assigned

6. View Results (Student)

o Input: Student ID

o Process: Fetch results for that ID from the database

o Output: Display results with grades and GPA (if applicable)

7. Report Generation
o Input: Student ID or entire class/course

o Process: Compile records into a formatted report

o Output: Downloadable/printable report card

DEPT. of ISE,PESITM PAGE 7

 STUDENT RESULT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

CHAPTER 3

IMPLEMENTATION
3.1 Problem Statement:

Managing student academic results manually is time-consuming, error-prone, and inefficient.

Traditional methods involving paper-based records or basic spreadsheets often lead to data
redundancy, miscalculations, and difficulties in retrieving or updating information. As the
volume of student data increases, it becomes increasingly challenging for educational
institutions to maintain accurate records, generate timely reports, and ensure secure access to
sensitive academic information.

There is a need for an automated Student Results Management System that can streamline the
process of recording, processing, and displaying student results. The system should ensure
accuracy, enhance data security, allow easy access for authorized users, and support timely
decision-making based on student performance analytics.

3.2 Purpose of the project:

The purpose of the Students Result Management System (SRMS) is to simplify and automate
the process of managing academic records and student results in educational institutions. The
system is designed to reduce manual workload, eliminate errors in result computation, ensure
data security, and provide quick and easy access to accurate academic information for
students and administrators. It supports role-based access, enabling secure management and
retrieval of student results, and facilitates better transparency, accountability, and efficiency
in academic operations.

3.3 Description:
The Students Result Management System (SRMS) is a digital application designed to
streamline the academic result management process in educational institutions. The system
enables administrators to manage student records, courses, and results while allowing
students to access their academic performance securely online. Built on a three-tier
architecture comprising presentation, application, and data layers, SRMS ensures efficient
data handling, real-time access, and strong security controls.

DEPT. of ISE,PESITM PAGE 8

 STUDENT RESULT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

CHAPTER 4

SNAPSHOTS

4.1 Home page:

4.2 Admin dashboard:

DEPT. of ISE,PESITM PAGE 9

 STUDENT RESULT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

4.3 Student Result Search:

4.4 Student Result:

DEPT. of ISE,PESITM PAGE 10

 STUDENT RESULT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

DEPT. of ISE,PESITM PAGE 11

 STUDENT RESULT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSION

The Students Result Management System (SRMS) successfully addresses the limitations of
traditional academic result processing by introducing a digital, centralized, and secure
platform. Through features like automated grade calculation, role-based access, and
comprehensive result reporting, the system enhances operational efficiency and reduces the
likelihood of human errors. Its modular design ensures flexibility and maintainability, while
the use of modern web technologies supports scalability for institutions of varying sizes.
Overall, the SRMS represents a significant step forward in academic administration, offering
a reliable foundation for future enhancements such as mobile integration and intelligent
analytics.

 Automation of the entire system improves the efficiency.

DEPT. of ISE,PESITM PAGE 12

 STUDENT RESULT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

 It provides a friendly graphical user interface which proves to be better when

compared to the existing system.
 It gives appropriate access to the authorized users depending on their permission.
 It effectively overcomes the delay in communications.
 Updating of information becomes so easier.
 System security, data security and reliability are the striking features.
 The system has adequate scope for modification in future if it is necessary.

CHAPTER 6

REFERENCE

The following books were referred during the analysis and execution phase of the project

PHP and MySQL web development

Book by Luke Welling

Head first PHP & MySQL

Book by Lynn Beighley and Michael Morrison

WEBSITES:

 www.google.com

DEPT. of ISE,PESITM PAGE 13

 STUDENT RESULT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

 www.w3schools.com
 www.tutorialspoint.php
 http://stackoverflow.com

DEPT. of ISE,PESITM PAGE 14