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Spreadsheet fundamentals

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4 views

Spreadsheet fundamentals

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wba59179
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 17

Spreadsheet INTRODUCTION AND

CELL REFERENCING

Fundamentals LUCY GOUDIE

REFERENCE: Form 3, Unit 1. Pages 8-13.


Junior Secondary Computer Studies, Andrew Nasalangwa.
Students must be able to:

1 define a spreadsheet
2 list types of spreadsheets
3 list features of a spreadsheet
4 state benefits of spreadsheets
Learning
5 differentiate between workbook and worksheet
Objectives
6 identify cells, columns and rows
7 differentiate between labels and values
8 differentiate between relative cell references and
absolute cell references
Below is an example of a spreadsheet.
How would you define a spreadsheet?
A spreadsheet is a document in which data can be
stored in rows and columns
There are two main types of spreadsheets...
Manual or
Traditional
Spreadsheet

Electronic
Spreadsheet
Manual or Traditional Spreadsheet
Traditional Spreadsheets:
A Manual (Traditional) spreadsheet is made up of sheets of
paper divided into rows and columns on which numerical data
is entered manually.

Creating Spreadsheets:
A Manual spreadsheet is typically a ledger sheet within which
data can be added. You can get pre-made ledger books for
different uses of data recording.

Can you give the purpose of manual spreadsheets?


Manual or Traditional Spreadsheet
Can you give the purpose of manual spreadsheets?

Organise data into tabular, for ease of reading and calculations

Book keeping in financial accounting whereby numeric figures are


entered on income and expenditure

Financial analysis in stock management where stock values are


entered and organised for presentation.
Electronic Spreadsheet

An electronic spreadsheet is an application software consisting of


rows and columns use to organise, calculate and analyse numerical
data. The rows and columns are similar to the ones of a manual
spreadsheet.

An electronic spreadsheet consists of three main components


namely worksheets, database and graphs.
Benefits of spreadsheets
Think … Pair … Share

Try to list as manay benefits of using an


electronic preadsheet ver a manual workbook
Benefits of electronic spreadsheets
1. Electronic spreadsheets utilise the powerful aspects of computers namely speed, accuracy and effciency to enable
the user to easily perform numeric computations.
2. Electronic spreadsheets offer a larger virtual sheet for data entry and manipulation. On the contrary the largest
possible paper ledger you get may not exceed 30 columns and 51 rows. In an electronic spreadsheet the smallest
worksheet has at least 255 columns and 255 rows.
3. It is easy to enter data into a worksheet because most spreadsheets provide autocorrect features.
4. Electronic spreadsheets utilise the storage space on media to save and retrieve documents.
5. Electronic spreadsheets enable the user to produce neat work because traditional pen, pencil, paper and rubbers
are put aside. All the work is edited on the screen and a final clean copy is printed. With manual spreadsheets
neatness and readability depends on the writer's handwriting.
6. Electronic spreadsheets have better editing and formatting features.
7. Electronic spreadsheets have inbuilt formulae called functions that enable the user to quickly analyse numeric data.
8. Electronic spreadsheets automatically adjust the results of a formula if the values in a worksheet are changed. This is
referred to as automatic recalculation. For a manual spreadsheet, changing one value requires erasing the results
and writing the correct one again.
9. Graphs let the user provide visual representation of data from a worksheet for ease of interpretation.
Disadvantages of electronic spreadsheets
Think … Pair … Share

Try to list as many disadvantages of using an


electronic preadsheet ver a manual workbook
Disadvantages of electronic spreadsheets

1. Startup costs including computer and software purchase might be high


2. Learning how to use electronic spreadsheets requires considerable effort and mostly done at
a cost
3. Electronic spreadsheet files require to be protected against unauthorised access and
malware like viruses.
Worksheet

Cell - Intersection
between rows and
columns
Row – The horizontal
arrangement of cells.
Labelled with (1, 2, 3...)

Column– The vertical


arrangement of cells.
Labelled with (A, B, C...)
Match up definitions ...

Worksheet a work area made up of rows and columns

a spreadsheet file that consists of one or more


Workbook related worksheets.

The identification of a cell, row, column in a


Labels worksheet.

Numerical data such as currency, numbers and


Value dates.
Match up definitions ...

Worksheet Numerical data such as currency, numbers and


dates.

Workbook a work area made up of rows and columns

The identification of a cell, row, column in a


Labels worksheet.

a spreadsheet file that consists of one or more


Value related worksheets.
Cell Referencing
Using cell addresses also called referencing, enables spreadsheet software such as Microsoft
Excel to keep calculation accurate and automatically recalculates results of a formula in case the
value in a referenced cell is changed. This is referred to as automatic recalculation. There are
three types of cell referencing used when creating formulae and manipulating cell(s) content
namely relative, absolute and mixed referencing:
Relative Referencing:
A relative reference is one that changes depedning on it position of
referenfce in the worksheet. When you copy a formula that contains
a cell reference, say A3, the reference adjust to reflect the new
location. For example formula =A1+B1 in cell C1 is copied to cell C2,
the formula reference changes to =A2+B2

Absolute Referencing:
In absolute cell referencing , reference is made to a specific address
and does not change even if the formula is copied to another cell. In
Excel, an absolute cell reference is made by placing a dollar sign
before the column and/or row label e.g. $A$2. For example, if the
result in C1 is 170 and an absolute reference is used, 170 will be
copied to C2

Mixed Referencing:
This ia combination of relative and absolute referencing on a specific
cell address to make the row or column relatiuve or absolute. For
example, in case of A$3 referencing, the column is absolute in the
former while the row is relative.

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