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Prithish Physics Capacitor in Parallel

The document is a physics project by S. Kamesh on capacitors, focusing on their function, types, and formulas for calculating capacitance in series and parallel combinations. It explains how capacitors store electric charge and the factors affecting their capacitance. Additionally, it provides formulas for both series and parallel plate capacitors, along with their characteristics and applications.

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sarithadellibabu123
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6 views29 pages

Prithish Physics Capacitor in Parallel

The document is a physics project by S. Kamesh on capacitors, focusing on their function, types, and formulas for calculating capacitance in series and parallel combinations. It explains how capacitors store electric charge and the factors affecting their capacitance. Additionally, it provides formulas for both series and parallel plate capacitors, along with their characteristics and applications.

Uploaded by

sarithadellibabu123
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Swami

Vivekananda
vidya
peetam

Physics project :
Capacitors
in
series
Done by : s.kamesh
Name : s.kamesh

Standard : XII section : B

Roll no: 12B06

Subject : physics
Capacitors
Induction
A capacitor is a
device used to
store electric
charge.
Capacitors have
applications
ranging from
filtering static out
of radio reception
to energy storage
in heart
defibrillators.
Typically,
commercial
capacitors have
two conducting
parts close to one
another, but not
touching. When
battery terminals
are connected to
an initially
uncharged
capacitors, equal
amount of
positive and
negative charge,
+Q and –Q, are
separated into its
two plates. The
capacitor remains
neutral overall,
but we refer to it
as storing a
charge Q in this
circumstance. FIG.
Both capacitors
shown here were
initially
uncharged before
being connected
to a battery. They
now have
separated charges
of +Q and – Q on
their two halves.
A) A parallel
plate capacitor B)
A rolled capacitor
with an insulating
material between
the charged
plates
The capacitor is a
device or a
passive electronic
component with
two terminals that
store electrical
energy in an
electric field. The
effect marked by
the capacitor is
the capacitance of
the
capacitor. There
are two basic
types of
combinations of
capacitors,
i.e. series and
parallel
combinations of
the capacitor.
There is a regular
arrangement of
capacitors In a
series
combination that
means one after
another. On the
other hand, a
parallel plate
capacitor
comprises two
metal plates
arranged parallely
at some distance.
This distance
comprises any
dielectric medium.
Many capacitors
join together to
form a single
equivalent
capacitor whose
capacitance
depends upon the
individual
capacitors and
their connection
method. We can
quickly determine
the capacitance by
using the
formulas. Let’s
study the formula
of a series
capacitor and its
solved examples.
Derivation of the Formula
of Series Capacitor
The capacitance of any
capacitor is connected to the
voltage and charge with the
given formula:
C= Q/V
Where Q= charge and
V= voltage
C=capacitance.
Now, V=Q/C
The voltage of each
individual capacitor (Q
remains the same) of the
series capacitors are:
V1=Q/C1, V2=Q/C2,
V3=Q/C3, V4=Q/C4…
The total voltage will be
equal to,
V= V1+ V2+ V3+ V4…
Total Capacitance, say CS ,
will be:
Q/Cs= Q/C1 +Q/C2+Q/C3
+Q/C4…
On solving, we get:
1/Cs= 1/C1 +1/C2+1/C3
+1/C4…
Thus, the reciprocal of total
capacitance of the capacitors,
when arranged in series, will
be the sum of reciprocals of
the individual capacitance of
capacitors.

Factors on which
Capacitance Depends
The factors that cause either
the increase or decrease of
capacitance (series and
parallel combination of
capacitors) are as follows:
 The plate area is directly
proportional to the
capacitance, which means
on increasing the plate area
(other factors remaining the
same), the capacitance also
increases.
Spacing between the plates
is inversely proportional to
the capacitance, which
means the capacitance will
decrease on increasing the
plate space.
Other factors remaining
constant, the greater
permittivity of the
dielectric substance
increases the capacitance
and vice versa
.
Features of Series
Combination of
Capacitors
Some of the features of the
series combination of
capacitors are as follows:
There is only one path in a
series combination to
proceed from one point to
another.
The individual capacitors
have the same charge on
each capacitor in the
series capacitor.
 The Series Combination of
Capacitors always obeys the
laws of conservation.
 The potential difference will
be inversely proportional to
its capacitance, i.e.
contrasting parallel
capacitance.

Parallel Plate Capacitor


A parallel plate capacitor
comprises two metal plates
arranged in a parallel
manner at some distance.
This distance includes any
dielectric medium (an
insulating medium that
cannot conduct electric
current). Some examples of
this dielectric medium
include air, vacuum, mica,
paper wool, electrolytic gel,
glass etc. The dielectric
medium is non-conducting.
However, under the effect
of the electric field, they do
get polarised. This causes
the production of dipoles
and therefore, both charges,
i.e. a negative and a positive
charge, get deposited over
the plates of the capacitor.
The Formula for Parallel
Plate Capacitor
Suppose a parallel-plate
capacitor comprising two
metallic plates has an area
of A. Moreover, the distance
separating these two plates
is d. The formula for a
parallel plate capacitor will
be as follows:
C= kε0Ad
Here,ε0 =permittivity of
space, whose value is 8.854
× 10−12 F/m
k =relative permittivity of
dielectric material
d= distance of separation
between the plates
A= area of plate
\\\
Thank

you

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