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Tutorial 7 Synchronous Machines

The document contains a tutorial on synchronous machines, providing various problems and solutions related to alternators and synchronous motors, including calculations for load angles, voltage regulation, and power outputs under different power factors. Key examples include determining load angles for a star-connected alternator, calculating voltage regulation using different methods, and analyzing the performance of synchronous motors under varying loads. The answers to the problems are provided, showcasing the application of electrical engineering principles in synchronous machine operation.

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Sumeet Sah
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10 views2 pages

Tutorial 7 Synchronous Machines

The document contains a tutorial on synchronous machines, providing various problems and solutions related to alternators and synchronous motors, including calculations for load angles, voltage regulation, and power outputs under different power factors. Key examples include determining load angles for a star-connected alternator, calculating voltage regulation using different methods, and analyzing the performance of synchronous motors under varying loads. The answers to the problems are provided, showcasing the application of electrical engineering principles in synchronous machine operation.

Uploaded by

Sumeet Sah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Synchronous Machines -Tutorial III

1. A 3 - phase, 17.32 kVA, 400 V, star-connected alternator is delivering rated load


at 0.8 p.f. lagging. Its synchronous impedance is 0.2+j2 Ω per phase. (i) Find the
load angle at which it is operating. (ii) If the nature of the rated load is changed to
0.8 lead, while maintaining excitation, determine terminal voltage and load angle
δ. [Ans. (i) δ = 7.950, (ii) V = 502.44V, δ = 9.250]

2. A 6.6 kV, 3-phase, 50 Hz, star-connected alternator gave the following data for
open circuit, short circuit and full-load ZPF test: per phase armature resistance is
0.2 Ω. Calculate the voltage regulation at full load current of 500 A at 0.8 pf lagging by
the following methods: (a) emf method (b) mmf method (c) ZPF method.
If (A) 3.2 5.0 7.5 10.0 14.0
Eoc (kV) 3.1 4.9 6.6 7.5 8.24
Isc (A) 500 778 1170 - -
(ZPF) V (kV) - 1.85 4.24 5.78 7.0
[Ans. (a) 31.77 % (b) 13.52 % (c) 17.32 %]

3. An alternator has a synchronous reactance of 20% and negligible resistance.


Calculate its voltage regulation when working at full - load (a) 0.8 pf lag (b) upf
(c) 0.8 pf lead. [Ans. (a) 13 % (b) 1.98 % (c) -10.6 %]

4. A 3-phase star-connected alternator is rated 1600 kVA, 13.5 kV. The armature
effective resistance and synchronous reactances are 1.5 Ω and 30 Ω per phase
respectively. Calculate the percentage regulation for a load of 1280 kW at (a) 0.8
pf lag (b) upf (c) 0.8 pf lead. [Ans. (a) 18.6 % (b) 3.227 % (c) -11.991 %]

5. A 3-phase star-connected alternator has synchronous impedance of 1+j10 Ω per


phase. It is operating at a constant voltage of 6.6 kV and its field current is
adjusted to give an excitation voltage of 6.4 kV. Find the maximum possible
power output and also find the armature current and pf at the same condition.
[Ans. Pmax = 3771.91 kW, Ia = 501.21 A, pf = 0.6583 lead]

6. A 3-phase star-connected non-salient pole synchronous motor connected to 6.6 kV


mains has an armature impedance of 2.5 + j15.0 Ω per phase. The excitation of the
machine gives a generated back emf of 7.0 kV. The iron and friction losses amount to
10 kW. Determine the output of the motor when operating at a load angle 310.
[Ans. 1431.816 kW]

7. A 3300 V, star-connected synchronous motor works at constant terminal voltage


and constant excitation. Its synchronous impedance is 1+j10 Ω per phase. It
operates at a pf of 0.8 leading when taking 600 kW from the mains. Find the pf
when the input is increased to 900 kW. [Ans. 0.9428 lead]

8. A 2200 V, 400 kW, 3-phase, star-connected synchronous motor has Zs =


0.3+j3 Ω per phase. Determine the excitation emf and load angle if motor works
at rated load at 0.8 pf leading and with an efficiency of 94%.
[Ans. 2651.6 V, 14.4580]
9. A 11 kV, 3-phase, delta - connected synchronous motor has a synchronous
reactance of 10 Ω per phase. Its friction, windage and iron losses are 1000 kW.
(i) The motor excitation is so adjusted that it takes UPF current at a shaft load of
10 MW. Calculate the excitation voltage. (ii) Now the excitation emf is increased
to 12.5 kV and the shaft load is adjusted so that motor again operates at UPF.
Calculate the shaft load output. [Ans. (a) 11493.95 V, (b) 18592.76 kW]

10. A salient-pole synchronous generator with negligible resistance, has the fol-
lowing per unit parameters: Xd = 0.8 and Xq = 0.5. If this generator is supplying
rated kVA at rated voltage and at 0.8 pf lagging, compute the load angle and the
excitation emf. [Ans. 17.10, 1.603 pu]

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