Lab Exercise

Prepare a presentation about any five plants surrounding your home.

1. Rose
Rose, (genus Rosa), genus of some 100 species of perennial shrubs in the
rose family (Rosaceae). Roses are native primarily to the temperate regions
of the Northern Hemisphere. Many roses are cultivated for their beautiful
flowers, which range in color from white through various tones of yellow
and pink to dark crimson and maroon, and most have a delightful fragrance,
which varies according to the variety and to climatic conditions.

Roses are erect, climbing, or trailing shrubs, the stems of which are usually copiously armed
with prickles of various shapes and sizes, commonly called thorns. The leaves are alternate and
pinnately compound (i.e., feather-formed), usually with oval leaflets that are sharply toothed.
The flowers of wild roses usually have five petals, whereas the flowers of cultivated roses are
often double (i.e., with multiple sets of petals). Rose flowers’ size ranges from tiny miniatures
1.25 cm (0.5 inch) in diameter to hybrid flowers measuring more than 17.5 cm (7 inches)
across. The rose plant’s fleshy, sometimes edible, berrylike “fruit” (actually the floral cup) is
known as a hip and usually ranges from red to orange in color.
Roses can become infected by a number of diseases, most of them caused by fungi. Powdery
mildew appears as a grayish white moldlike growth on the surface of young leaves and
stems. Black spot fungus appears as conspicuous black spots on leaves and causes them to fall
off. Rust is also a common disease of roses. Aphids are a common insect pest on the leaves and
young stems.
2. Iris Iris, (genus Iris), genus of about 300 species of flowering plants, including
some of the world’s most popular and varied garden flowers.
The diversity of the genus is centered in the north temperate zone,
though some of its most handsome species are native to the
Mediterranean and central Asian areas. The iris is (arguably) the fleur-de-
lis of the French royalist standard. It is a popular subject of
Japanese flower arrangement and is an economically important
cut flower in the floral industry. It is also the source of orrisroot, from
which “essence of violet” perfume is made.
Irises are either bulbous or rhizomatous (with thick creeping underground stems). In species
with a rhizome, the stem is usually horizontal, robust, and ringed with leaf scars. It often grows
partially exposed but is firmly rooted in the soil. Species of Iris native to
southwestern Europe generally produce bulbs. This type of stem is short and conical, and from
it many leaf bases arise, one inside the other. These bases are seamless and constitute the bulk
of the bulb. Bulblets arise from the stem, between the leaf bases, to propagate the plant.
The flowers commonly possess three sepals, three petals, and three broad pollen-receptive
stigma branches, under which the pollen-producing anthers are hidden. Of the six petal-like
floral segments in irises, the more erect inner ones are called standards and the usually
drooping outer ones are called falls. These flower parts are located above the ovary (inferior
ovary), which consists of three carpels unified into a single pistil. Ovules within the ovary
portion become seeds, and the ovary matures into dry capsule fruits.
3. Jasmine
Jasmine, known for its delicate, sweet fragrance and elegant
white flowers, is a popular choice for gardens around the world.
Not only does jasmine add a beautiful touch to any garden, but its
scent also has therapeutic benefits. The fragrance of jasmine is
famous for promoting relaxation and reducing stress, making it
the perfect addition to create a calming outdoor space.
Furthermore, it is a versatile plant that can grow in various
climates, making it accessible to gardeners with different
environmental conditions. Whether you have a small balcony
garden or a spacious backyard, jasmine is sure to enhance the
beauty and ambiance of your outdoor oasis. Jasmine is a
relatively low-maintenance plant but may benefit from occasional
feeding with a balanced fertilizer during the growing season to
promote healthy growth and flowering.
Most true jasmines have climbing branches without tendrils. The white, yellow, or
rarely pink flowers are tubular with a flaring, lobed, pinwheel-like form; some double-
flowered varieties have been developed. The leaves can be evergreen or deciduous and
usually are composed of two or more leaflets, although some species have simple leaves.
The fruit in most species is a two-lobed black berry.
4. Lily
Lily, (genus Lilium), genus of 80 to 100 species of
herbaceous flowering plants of the family Liliaceae, native
to temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Many lilies are prized
as ornamental plants, and they have been extensively hybridized.
The word lily is also used in the common names of many plants of
other genera that resemble true lilies. These include
the daylily (Hemerocallis) and various species of the
family Amaryllidaceae.
The true lilies are erect perennial plants with leafy stems, scaly bulbs, usually
narrow leaves, and solitary or clustered flowers. The flowers consist of six petal-like
segments, which may form the shape of a trumpet, with a more or less elongated tube, as
in the Madonna lily (Lilium candidum) and Easter lily (L. longiflorum). Alternatively, the
segments may be reflexed (curved back) to form a turban shape, as in the Turk’s cap lily (L.
martagon), or they may be less strongly reflexed and form an open cup or bowl shape, as in
the wood lily (L. philadelphicum) and goldband lily (L. auratum). The flowers of some
species are quite fragrant, and they occur in a wide variety of colours. Plants of
most species range in height from 30 to 120 cm (1 to 4 feet); plants of certain species,
however, exceed 2.5 metres (8 feet) in height.
5. Tulip
Tulip, (genus Tulipa), genus of about 100 species of bulbous herbs in
the lily family, many of which are cultivated in temperate regions for their
showy blooms. Native to Central Asia and Turkey, tulips are among the
most popular of all garden flowers, and numerous cultivars and varieties
have been developed.

Tulips are perennial plants that die back after flowering and persist as an underground
storage bulb. When it emerges in the spring, the tulip produces two to six thick bluish
green leaves that are clustered at the base of the plant. The usually solitary bell-
shaped flowers typically have three petals and three petal-like sepals. There are six
free stamens (pollen-producing structures), and the three-lobed ovary is terminated by a
sessile three-lobed stigma, which receives the pollen to fertilize the ovules. The fruit is
a capsule with many seeds. Many garden tulips can be propagated only by their scaly bulbs.
Tulips flourish in any good soil but do best in well-drained loam. The bulbs are usually
planted in autumn at a depth of 10 to 20 cm (4 to 8 inches) below the surface in a soil
enriched with compost. Though they will continue to flower annually for a few years,
they tend eventually to degenerate. A common commercial practice is to lift the bulbs
after the flowers have ceased blooming and the foliage has turned yellow and then to
store the bulbs in a cool dry place until replanting time in autumn. In general, tulips are
remarkably free from attack by garden pests.