expanded_lecture_note_3
expanded_lecture_note_3
theory, development, and application of software and systems that solve problems or
perform tasks.
Programming is a core component, with languages such as Python, Java, and C++ used
to write instructions for machines. Algorithms, which are step-by-step procedures for
Data structures such as arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, and trees organize and
manage data efficiently. Understanding how to use and implement these is essential for
effective programming.
Databases store and manage data in structured formats. SQL is the most commonly
used language for database queries. Data integrity, security, and normalization are key
concerns.
protocols (like TCP/IP), and network topologies. The internet is a global network that has
Cybersecurity focuses on protecting systems from threats like viruses, malware, and
Emerging areas include artificial intelligence, machine learning, cloud computing, and
quantum computing. These technologies are reshaping industries and creating new
opportunities.