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The report details an experiment conducted on the characteristics of Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) and the analysis of fixed and voltage divider biasing circuits. It includes observations of input and output characteristics, procedures for data collection, and discussions on discrepancies between theoretical and practical results. The experiment aimed to understand the operation of BJTs through graphical representation and circuit implementation.

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Mostafezur Rahman
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7 views6 pages

Report 7

The report details an experiment conducted on the characteristics of Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) and the analysis of fixed and voltage divider biasing circuits. It includes observations of input and output characteristics, procedures for data collection, and discussions on discrepancies between theoretical and practical results. The experiment aimed to understand the operation of BJTs through graphical representation and circuit implementation.

Uploaded by

Mostafezur Rahman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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“Heaven’s light is our guide”

Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING


Course code : EEE-1204.

Course Name : Electronics-I sessional.

Name of the Report : Study of the BJT characteristics and fixed and voltage divider biasing
circuits.

Submitted by Submitted to

Name : Mostafezur Rahman Md. Farhamdur Reza


Roll : 1901147
Assistant Professor
Section :C
Department of EEE
Series : 19
Rajshahi University of Engineering &
Technology.

Date of Experiment: 15 March 2021.

Date of Submission: 27March 2021.


Name of the experiment:

Study of the BJT characteristics and fixed and voltage divider biasing circuits.

Introduction

BJT is the short form of Bipolar Junction Transistor, it is a solid-state current-controlled


device which can be used to electronically switch a circuit, one can think of it as your normal
Fan or Light switch, but instead of you turning it on manually it can be controlled electronically.
Technically speaking, BJT is a three-terminal device with an Emitter, collector, and a base pin,
the current flow through the emitter and collector are controlled by the amount of current
applied to the base. There are three mode of BJT to work-

1. Active mode
2. cut-off mode
3. Saturation mode

Symbol of BJT

Input Characteristics curve

output characteristics curve


Required apparatus

 BJT (model BD-135)


 Multimeter
 Resistor
 Bias voltage

Observation of BJT characteristics

IB=10.385 IB=20.735 IB=30.469 IB=41.397 IB=49.26 IB=60.846

VCE(V) Ic(mA) VCE(V) Ic(mA) VCE(V) Ic(mA) VCE(V) Ic(mA) VCE(V) Ic(mA) VCE(V) Ic(mA)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0.034 0.138 0.021 0.14 0.067 1.419 0.055 1.412 0.05 1.421 0.056 2.135
0.05 0.278 0.0334 0.281 0.086 2.13 0.071 2.133 0.0758 2.846 0.066 2.848
0.0638 0.419 0.042 0.423 0.11 2.841 0.082 2.703 0.093 3.844 0.074 3.418
0.075 0.56 0.05 0.564 0.123 3.125 0.105 3.699 0.102 4.271 0.093 4.71
0.087 0.701 0.057 0.705 0.143 3.408 0.123 4.268 0.13 5.267 0.0995 5.129
1.062 1.277 0.086 1.416 1.724 3.754 0.162 4.834 0.156 5.692 0.107 5.556
5.867 1.305 0.124 2.125 3.511 3.784 1.374 5.089 0.749 6.036 0.12 6.126
8.751 1.321 0.257 2.535 5.299 3.814 3.096 5.129 2.427 6.082 0.181 7.26
10.673 1.332 2.077 2.56 9.769 3.89 3.957 5.149 4.944 6.151 2.4721 7.504
20.212 1.388 5.778 2.603 11.556 3.921 8.263 5.249 9.14 6.266 6.515 7.641

Corresponding Graph
Fixed bias circuit

Ic Vce
0 12
4.8 0

Graph with load line

Operating point from load line

Ib VCE(V) Ic(mA)
20.735 5.6 2.6

Implementation in fixed bias circuit

Ib VCE(V) Ic(mA)
20.566 5.523 2.591
Voltage divider circuit
XMM1 VCC
11V
R2
R1 XMM2
2.5kΩ
200kΩ

Q1 XMM3
BD135
R4
600kΩ 20 %
Key=A
R3
2kΩ

Ic Vce
0 11
2.44 0
Graph with load line

Operating point from load line

Ib VCE(V) Ic(mA)
10.385 5.2 1.3

Implementation in voltage divider circuit

Ib VCE(V) Ic(mA)
20.605 8.286 1.347

Procedure
1. At first, with the help of a BJT circuit for different level of IB current Ic and VCC was
written.
2. Then with the help of the data characteristics curve was drawn.
3. Then for a fixed bias circuit load line was drawn and from the load line Q point was
found out with corresponding Ic and Vcc.
4. Then the circuit was run in multisim setting the IB corresponding to Q point. The result
was compared with the measurable data from Q point.
5. The same procedure was revised with a voltage divider circuit.

Discussion

From the graph using load line the Q point was found out and the corresponding Ib the collector
current and collector-emitter voltage was found out. But from the simulation it was seen that
corresponding current and voltage are not exactly same. The reason of inconvenience

 There may have error in measuring data.


 BJT is a practical device which may have error in internal mechanism.

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