A PROJECT REPORT ON

SAFETY MANAGEMENT AND ITS APPLICATIONS WITH CASE STUDIES

SUBMITTED TO
MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION,
MUMBAI IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DIPLOMA
CERTIFICATE

DIPLOMA IN COMPUTER

ENGINEERING

BY

PRIYANKA SANTOSH KALASKAR

SAMRUDDHI SUBHASH PISE

Under the guidance of

Prof. Sanjay Jagtap

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING

Bhivarabai Sawant Polytechnic
Gate No. 720 (1 & 2) Wagholi, Pune
Nagar RoadPune-412207

(Academic Year- 2024-2025)

 JAYAWANT SHIKSHAN PRASARAK MANDAL

Bhivarabai Sawant
Polytechnic
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Govt. of Maharashtra, Affiliated to MSBTE
Mumbai)
Gate No. 720 (1 & 2) Wagholi, Pune Nagaí Road, Pune-412207
Phone: 020-67335107 ľele Fax: (020)-67335100
E-mail: bspoly@íediffmail.com Website: www.jspm.edu.in

ANEXXURE II
Evaluation Sheet for the Micro Project

Academic Year : 2024-25 Name of the Faculty : Prof. Sanjay Jagtap

Course : Management Course code : 22509 Semester :
VI
Title of the project: Safety management and its applications with case studies

COs addressed by Micro Project:

A: Use basic management principles to execute daily activities.
B: Use principles of planning and organizing for accomplishment of tasks.
C: Use principles of directing and controlling for implementing the plans.
D: Apply principles of safety management in all activities.
E: Understand various provisions of industrial acts.

Practical outcome:
(a) Unit outcomes in Cognitive domain:
(c) Outcomes in Affective domain:
Comments/suggestions about team work /leadership/inter-personal
communication (ifany)

Marks out of 4
Marks out of 6
for
for
performance in Total
Roll performance
oral/ out
No Student Name in group
presentation of 10
activity
(D5 Col.9)
(D5 Col.8)
2 PRIYANKA SANTOSH KALASKAR
35 SAMRUDDHI SUBHASH PISE

(Name and Signature of Faculty)

 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL
EDUCATION
Bhivarabai Sawant Polytechnic,
Wagholi(0710)

Program Name : Computer Engineering

Course Name and Code : Management
Academic Year : 2024-25
Semester : Sixth
MICRO PROJECTON
SAFETY MANAGEMENT AND ITS APPLICATIONS WITH CASE STUDIES

Submitted on 2024 by the student.

Roll No. Name Enrollment No.
2 PRIYANKA SANTOSH KALASKAR 2207100134
35 SAMRUDDHI SUBHASH PISE 2207100181
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL
EDUCATION

This is to certify that Student of CO(B)- Priyanka Santosh Kalaskar,

Roll No: 02, CO(B) – Samruddhi Subhash Pise, Roll No: 35 of 6th

Semester of Diploma in Computer Engineering of Institute –

Bhivarabai Sawant Polytechnic (Code: 0710) has completed Micro

Project satisfactorily in the subject – MANAGEMENT for Academic Year

2024-25 as prescribed in the curriculum.

Place: Pune
Date:

Subject Teacher Head of the Department Principal

 JAYAWANT SHIKSHAN PRASARAK MANDAL
Bhivarabai Sawant Polytechnic
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Govt. of Maharashtra, Affiliated to MSBTE Mumbai)
Gate No. 720 (1 & 2) Wagholi, Pune Nagaí Road, Pune-412207
Phone: 020-67335107 ľele Fax: (020)-67335100
E-mail: bspoly@íediffmail.com Website: www.jspm.edu.in

Vision and Mission of the Institute

Vision:
To develop globally competent technocrats by imparting quality technical education
for socio-economic enhancement of the nation.

Mission:
M1: To nurture and maintain an environment of high academic standard for diploma
students, encouraging higher education and entrepreneurial abilities.

M2: To deliver quality education by imparting basic engineering knowledge,

interpersonal skills, critical thinking and creativity.

M3: To equip students with technical skills, ethical and moral values to meet
aspirations of the society and industry to contribute sustainable development of the
nation.

Course Coordinator Module Coordinator HOD

 JAYAWANT SHIKSHAN PRASARAK MANDAL
Bhivarabai Sawant Polytechnic
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Govt. of Maharashtra, Affiliated to MSBTE Mumbai)
Gate No. 720 (1 & 2) Wagholi, Pune Nagaí Road, Pune-412207
Phone: 020-67335107 ľele Fax: (020)-67335100
E-mail: bspoly@íediffmail.com Website: www.jspm.edu.in

Computer Engineering Department

Academic Year: 2024-2025

Vision

To develop technical manpower in the field of computer engineering to contribute

the Socio-industrial requirement.

Mission

M1: To develop techno-savvy engineers by imparting comprehensive computer engineering

knowledge by innovative teaching and learning process.

M2: To develop professional skills committed for lifelong learning through co-curricular and extra
curricular activities.

M3: To impart Computer Engineering education in order to meet societal and industry needs.

Course Coordinator Module Coordinator HOD

 JAYAWANT SHIKSHAN PRASARAK MANDAL
Bhivarabai Sawant Polytechnic
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Govt. of Maharashtra, Affiliated to MSBTE Mumbai)
Gate No. 720 (1 & 2) Wagholi, Pune Nagaí Road, Pune-412207
Phone: 020-67335107 ľele Fax: (020)-67335100
E-mail: bspoly@íediffmail.com Website: www.jspm.edu.in

Micro Project Plan

We Sign of
e Date Work or activity Performed the Guide
Duration
k in hours
N
o
.
1 One hour Group discussion
2 One hour Searching of real life task

3 One hour Selection of micro project topic

4 One hour Gathering of information and application of it

5 One hour Group discussion

6 One hour Distribution of work to be done

7 One hour Preparing the overview of the project

8 One hour Gathering the details

9 One hour Coding / implementing programs

10 One hour Running the code

11 One hour Debugging the error

12 One hour Group discussion

13 One hour Gathering the data

14 One hour Modifying the code

15 One hour Finalizing code

 INDEX

SR. NO. CONTENT PAGE

Abstract
1 2

Introduction
2 3

Background and Literature Review

3 4

Research Methodology
4 5

Results and Discussion

5 6
 5.1 Reliability Analysis
 5.2 Friedman Test
 5.3 Discussion
 5.4 Model for Effective Safety Management
o 5.4.1 Establishment of Safety
Organization
o 5.4.2 Safety Inputs Storage
o 5.4.3 Establishment of Safety Regulations
o 5.4.4 Establishment of Reward and
Punishment Rules

Conclusions
6 9

References
7 10

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 ABSTRACT
The development of the construction industry depends on increasing
the safety performance. It focuses mainly on the implementation of safety
management in construction projects. It was carried out by conducting
questionnaire survey among the contractors and engineers of various
construction projects for knowing the level of safety in their projects. The
survey will include information on safety such as procedures, training and
materials for safety practices, management reviews on applying safety
practices, safety incentives and penalties, safety approaches. The
survey involves a designed questionnaire and case study on safety
management. The survey tell different control measures and their rate of
usage on building projects. The survey depends on the types of accidents
on building projects and their control measures for prevent in accidents or
for minimizing the accidents. Questionnaire survey has been analyzed
using SPSS software. The results of the study revealed that there are many
safety problems in the construction industry, such as lack of knowledge
about safety measures and materials which protect from safety hazardous
or damages.

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 INTRODUCTION
Construction industries are the most dangerous due to its working nature
which has higher rate of injury than most other industries . Construction
accidents cause many human injuries, lack of motivation among workers, work
interruption, delay in progress which affect the cost, productivity, and
reputation. Expenses, such as medical costs, increased worker’s compensation
insurance and property damage . For these reasons, safety in the construction

industry is very important. The Major concern of Safety in construction

industries is preventing injuries and illness of worker’s .the accidents and
hazards in construction sites can be controlled and prevented by the usage of
safety programs in order to reduce accident rates. However, in developing
countries, an effort must be made to raise the level of awareness, among both
employees and employers, of the importance of safety at work sites . Safety
must be the number one priority for the construction team. The construction
team includes the owner, architect/engineer, general contractor, construction
manager, subcontractors and suppliers. It is the construction team’s
responsibility to ensure that the project is completed safely with quality and
economy .Good safety programs would certainly help in reducing injuries at
construction sites and also to minimize construction costs, increase productivity
and profitability and more importantly it could save lives of workers and
consequently contribute positively to the construction industry and the nation as
a whole.

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 BACKGROUND AND LITEATURE REVIEW

Major Accident caused at construction sites is workers falling from high occurring primarily
on new construction projects of commercial buildings and residential projects of reasonably
low construction cost. The combination of quality and safety achieved for better resource
management and utilization. Safety is preventing or avoiding any hazardous, loss, accidents
in the site . safety rules and regulations need to be implemented not only to overcome issues
like poor quality work, unsafe working conditions, and lack of environmental control but also
reduce cost and enhance productivity .Every construction site has unique safety policy. safety
policies can be varied depend on the projects taken and the type of projects in construction
site .Larger construction projects are better organized whereas small to medium firms do not
have an adequate safety program to see safety criteria needed for construction site. An
organization will setup the safety departments to communicate the safety instruction and
motivates to adopt safety practices. An organization should give proper work environment i.e.
to provide safety equipment’s / materials. For controlling the unsafe practices ,the site
manager has to understand the importance of safety and also has follow the safety norms and
also keep informing about safety measures to the employee. The arrange safety training to the
employees.
Safety management is essential for the desired changes in construction industries. It helps
employee to get basic knowledge about hazardous , precautions to be taken ,and use of tools
and equipment’s for safety which is to achieve quality and profit in the construction project .
Safety management has to prepare a safety manual for the organization. There are only two
safety performance measures which are applied for the construction sector as a whole; a
frequency measure and a severity measure .The frequency measure is based on the number
of accidents. A severity measure is based on the number of lost days. To improve safety
performance, initiate and maintain an organizational setup, safety department, committees
and field procedures. Safety climate refers to observations of policies, procedures and
practices relating to safety in the work place which is used to evaluate through determination
of safety climate that would enhance safety culture and positively impact safety performance
on construction sites. Prioritizing and valuing safety is to increase safety performance and
decrease employee injuries . An individual safety behavior influences and transfers positve
safety performance termed as effective way.
Safety would improve safety culture and give positive impact on safety performance on
construction projects. A safety climate questionnaire survey was conducted on the
construction sites of a leading construction company and its subcontractors. Based on survey,
two principal components were established management commitment, employee involvement
and inappropriate safety procedure and work practices.

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 CHAPTER 4

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Questionnaire survey was conducted among site enginners to identify their opinion towards
safety management in construction industry. Survey done through questionnaires. Based on
the survey, various factors were selected. The case study was conducted by developing a
questionnaire and collecting the responses from construction firms. For the survey
questionnaires was gathered to identify the critical factors. The methodology of the study is
as presented. The questionnaire was prepared and sent to three main individuals responsible
for the project (Contractor, Client and Consultant) and the effect of each factor has been
evaluated by adopting a five-point likert scale of 1 to 5 (1 = Strongly Agree; 2 = Agree; 3 =
Neutral; 4 = Disagree; and 5 = Strongly Disagree;). The questionnaire survey was conducted
to determine the importance of critical success factors for safety management which was
observed by contractors, clients and consultants working within Construction Industry. In this
paper, factor analysis was used to identify the critical success factor for safety management
in construction industry.
The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS v.21) was utilized to conduct factor
analysis. The direct personal interview method and online filling using Google forms are used
for filling the questionnaire and collecting the data. The survey has been conducted at all the
levels and types of construction projects. The various levels of projects are huge level,
medium level and low level which are considered based on total construction cost and size of
the project. The questionnaires are distributed to the construction firms and the data are
collected by means of direct interview method .Then the collected data are analyzed by
means of manual method as well as using software method. The l analysis has been done by 4
approaches. They are Reliability Test, Friedman Test, One way ANOVA Test, Correlation
Test.

BSP POLYTECHNIC, WAGHOLI Page 5

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Reliability Analysis
Cronbach’s alpha measures a set of value or items into a single or as a group of individuals.
In such cases, we ask a series of questions and combine the answers into a single numerical
value.
It is used to measure reliability. The value doesn’t indicate that as a single dimension , if a
cronbach’s alpha value is high Additional analyses to be performed to identify the
dimensionality. Exploratory factor analysis is one method of checking dimensionality.
Cronbach’s alpha can be written as a function of the number of test items and the average
inter-correlation among the items.

Table 1 Reliability Analysis

Cronbach's Alpha N of Items

5.922 52

Friedman Test
The Friedman test is the non-parametric test for identifying the differences between groups
when the variable should be ordinal. Nonparametric means the test doesn’t assume your data
comes from a particular distribution. It’s used in place of the ANOVA test when you don’t
know the distribution of your data.

Discussion
Based on various researchers, it is observed that safety managers have the opportunity to
influence and enhance the sense of safety and the quality of the work environment. It is also
been observed that a set of recommendations and strategies is to be provide to contractors for
improving their safety performance. The most safety factors Proper arrangement for regular
collection and disposal of waste materials Workers wearing full body safety equipment while
working at heights Scaffolds designed as per the load requirement. Flame cutting and welding
taking place with proper fire precautions. Proper flooring done with adequate load bearing
capacity.

Model for Effective Saftey Management

On the job site of every project, the project manager shall establish a safety system to avoid
any working accident. This work has four aspects of job

Establishment of Safety Organization

Each project needs a safety organization under the direct leadership of project manager. The
typical construction organization is described in the figure below:

Safety Inputs
BSP POLYTECHNIC, Storage
WAGHOLI Page 6
The costs of ensuring safety are regarded as indirect cost. Some contractors normalize that
safety cost be divided into two parts: the first part is withdrawn by the headquarter and used
as accident treatment fare, when there are more accidents happening, this part will increase
consistently. The second part is engaged by the project team and used as accident treatment
fare on the job site. In such case, the project manager is obligated to take measures to avoid
working accidents to decrease the cost of the project.

CHIEF EXECUTIVE

OTHER PROJECT DIRECTOR

SAFETY DIRECTOR
DIRECTORS Responsible for
Responsible for safety service,
Responsible for implementing company
information, safety audits,
safety safety policy on projects
input from estimators, investigating accidents, liaison
Plant departments, with safety authorities and
design office etc. committees
PROJECT MANAGER
Responsible for attention to safety at tender
stage, liaison with service departments, site
manager training and management

SITE MANAGER SAFETY ADVISOR

Primarily responsible for all health, safety Responsible for
and welfare matters on sites expert advice on
safety matters

BSP POLYTECHNIC, WAGHOLI Page 7

4
Establishment of Safety Regulations

Worker must abide by the safety operation regulation of his work species. So the
management staff involved in an international project must study laws and regulations
that relate to safety construction and labor protection and carry it out rigidly to avoid
working accidents happening. Every work aspect has its own safety regulation and
special requirements. Training to all labors in the job site is necessary. Through training,
workers on the site can get a complete knowledge of safety requirements and safety
technique of their work aspect and enhance their ability of self-protection.

Establishment of Reward and Punishment Rules

During the construction of an international project, the working accident will result in
great economic loss. If all the employee are concerned about the safety construction, a
lot of money will be economized. So it is helpful to develop the safety of construction
that reward the job team with excellent safety performance and records, at the same
time, the one with bad safety performance will be punished.

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 CONCLUSIONS
Generally, the work environments in construction activities are more hazardous, than
other industries due to the use of heavy equipment, dangerous tools, and hazardous
materials, all of which increase the potential for serious accidents and injuries. From the
case studies and also from the surveys taken from the engineers and contractors , the
result of various tests would analysis the level of safety .the basic levels of safety is most
important for all construction industries and the factors which are associated with
safety namely access roads suitable for the movement of plants and vehicles ,first aid
center at site, proper arrangement for regular collection and disposal of waste material,
stacks protected from collapse , material protected from weather and rain, proper
arrangement for regular collection and disposal of waste material, adequate water
supply for sanitation workers, wearing suitable hand gloves while handling rough
object ,chemicals etc...,employees given specialized training where needed first aid
center at site safety ,material displayed on the site everyone aware of the content of
safety policy competent safety professional available at site. From that I conclude, the
basic safety measures are needed for all types of construction. From the case study, the
result gives few safety suggestions for any types of construction are awareness of
workers, commitment of top management and the allocation of safety materials.

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 REFERENCES
[1] S. Kumar and V. K. Bansal, “Construction safety knowledge for practitioners in the
construction industry,” Journal of Frontiers in Construction Engineering, vol. 2, no. 2, pp.
34–42, 2013. J. M.
[2] Wilson Jr. and E. Koehn, “Safety management: problems encountered and recommended
solutions,” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, vol. 126, no. 1, pp. 77–
79, 2000.
[3] X. Huang and J. Hinze, “Analysis of construction worker fall accidents,” Journal of
Construction Engineering and Management, vol. 129, no. 3, pp. 262–271, 2003.
[4] O. A. Jannadi and M. S. Bu-Khamsin, “Safety factors considered by industrial contractors
in Saudi Arabia,” Building and Environment, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 539–547, 2002.
[5] L. S. Pheng and S. C. Shiua, “The maintenance of construction safety: riding on ISO 9000
quality management systems,” Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, vol. 6, no.
1, pp. 28–44, 2000.
[6] E. E. Koehn and N. K. Datta, “Quality, environmental, and health and safety management
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611–617 Sherif. Mohamed; “Safety Climate in Construction Site Environments”; Journal
of Construction Engineering and Management, Vol. 128, No. 5; pp: 375–384; October 1,
2002.
[10] S. Kumar and V. K. Bansal, “Construction safety knowledge for practitioners in the
construction industry,” Journal of Frontiers in Construction Engineering, vol. 2, no. 2, pp.
34–42, 2013. J. M.
[11] Wilson Jr. and E. Koehn, “Safety management: problems encountered and recommended
solutions,” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, vol. 126, no. 1, pp. 77–
79, 2000.
[12] X. Huang and J. Hinze, “Analysis of construction worker fall accidents,” Journal of
Construction Engineering and Management, vol. 129, no. 3, pp. 262–271, 2003.
[13] O. A. Jannadi and M. S. Bu-Khamsin, “Safety factors considered by industrial contractors
in Saudi Arabia,” Building and Environment, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 539–547, 2002.
[14] L. S. Pheng and S. C. Shiua, “The maintenance of construction safety: riding on ISO 9000
quality management systems,” Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, vol. 6, no.
BSP POLYTECHNIC, WAGHOLI Page
10
 1, pp. 28–44, 2000.
[15] E. E. Koehn and N. K. Datta, “Quality, environmental, and health and safety management
systems for construction engineering,” Journal of Construction Engineering and
Management, vol. 129, no. 5, pp. 562–569, 2003.

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