Appraisal Report on National Policies on

Education in India and Implementation of

Their Provisions

Assignment: Analysis of NEP 2020 and NCFs in Indian

and Odisha Contexts

Submitted by:

[Your Name]
[Your Institution/Department]
Date: June 21, 2025 (11:49 AM IST)

Transforming India into a Global Knowledge Superpower through Inclusive

Education

Image

Prepared for [Course Name/Instructor Name]

National Education Policy Appraisal Report June 21, 2025 (11:49 AM IST)

ª Contents
1 Introduction 2

2 Overview of National Education Policies 2

3 Four NCFs Suggested by NEP 2020 2

4 Key Provisions of NEP 2020 5

5 Implementation Status: National Context 5

6 Implementation Status: Odisha Context 6

7 Evaluation Framework 7

8 Challenges and Mitigation Strategies 8

9 Recommendations for Effective Implementation 9

10 Integration with Odisha’s Educational Ecosystem 9

11 Conclusion 10

12 References 10

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National Education Policy Appraisal Report June 21, 2025 (11:49 AM IST)

1 ª Introduction
This appraisal report evaluates the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 and the four Na-
tional Curriculum Frameworks (NCFs) proposed under it, focusing on their provisions, imple-
mentation status, and unfinished tasks as of June 2025. NEP 2020, launched on July 29, 2020,
aims to transform India into a global knowledge superpower through holistic, inclusive, and
skill-based education. The four NCFs—NCF for School Education (NCF-SE), NCF for Early
Childhood Care and Education (NCF-ECCE), NCF for Teacher Education (NCF-TE), and
NCF for Adult Education (NCF-AE)—provide roadmaps to achieve this vision. This report
details the completion status, key concepts, and implementation progress nationally and in
Odisha, with culturally relevant examples like Raja Parba-inspired projects. It also addresses
challenges, mitigation strategies, and timelines for unfinished tasks, ensuring alignment with
India’s educational goals and Odisha’s localized efforts.
Objective: To analyze NEP 2020’s four NCFs, their implementation, key concepts, and
timelines for completion, with a focus on Odisha’s context.

2 ª Overview of National Education Policies

India’s education policies have evolved to meet socio-economic and global demands, with NEP
2020 introducing a transformative framework supported by four NCFs.

Historical Context

• NPE 1968: Promoted universal access, common school system, and three-language
formula, laying the foundation for equity.
• NPE 1986: Emphasized vocational education, teacher training, and technology, re-
vised in 1992 for access and equity.
• NEP 2020: Launched July 29, 2020, replacing NPE 1986, with a vision for holistic,
multidisciplinary education by 2040. Pillars: Access, Equity, Quality, Affordability,
Accountability.
• NCFs: Four frameworks (NCF-SE, NCF-ECCE, NCF-TE, NCF-AE) to operationalize
NEP 2020, with NCF-SE 2023 and NCF-ECCE 2022 finalized.
Constitutional Basis: Article 21A (Right to Education Act, 2009), Article 45, and
Directive Principles mandate equitable education, with education on the Concurrent List.

3 ª Four NCFs Suggested by NEP 2020

NEP 2020 proposes four NCFs to guide educational reforms across different sectors, developed
by NCERT under the National Steering Committee chaired by Dr. K. Kasturirangan. Below
is their completion status, key concepts, unfinished tasks, and expected timelines as of June
2025.[](https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/national-curriculum-framework-ncf)[](https://setu.etutor.co/b
curriculum-framework-ncf-2023/)

NCFs: Status and Key Concepts

• NCF for School Education (NCF-SE 2023):

– Status: Finalized and released on August 23, 2023, following a pre-draft on

2
National Education Policy Appraisal Report June 21, 2025 (11:49 AM IST)

April 6, 2023, with inputs from 13 lakh citizens, 1.5 lakh teachers, and 1,550 dis-
trict consultations.[](https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/ncfse2023-national-
curriculum-framework-school-education/261570257)[](https://www.jagranjosh.com/articles/wha
are-the-national-curriculum-frameworks-assessment-principles-1692874256-1)
– Key Concepts:
∗ 5+3+3+4 Structure: Foundational (ages 3–8), Preparatory (ages
8–11), Middle (ages 11–14), Secondary (ages 14–18), replacing
10+2.[](https://x.com/dpradhanbjp/status/1583040054406303746)
∗ Competency-Based Learning: Focuses on critical think-
ing, problem-solving, and 21st-century skills over rote
memorization.[](https://leadschool.in/blog/what-is-ncf/)
∗ Multilingualism: Mandates three languages (two Indian) in Grades 9–10,
two (one Indian) in Grades 11–12.[](https://vajiramandravi.com/upsc-daily-
current-affairs/mains-articles/national-curriculum-framework-ncf/)
∗ Assessment Reforms: PARAKH for competency-based as-
sessments, holistic progress cards, and modular board exams
(twice yearly).[](https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-
analysis/national-curriculum-framework-4)
∗ Flexibility: No rigid separation of streams; subjects
grouped into arts, humanities, and sciences for Grades
9–12.[](https://www.extramarks.com/blogs/schools/ncf-national-
curriculum-framework/)
∗ Cultural Rootedness: Integrates Indian values (e.g., Raja Parba
projects in Odisha).[](https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ncf-2023-overview-
key-changes-highlights-national-srivastava)
– Unfinished Tasks: Full textbook revision for Grades 6–12, universal adop-
tion of holistic progress cards, and State Curriculum Frameworks (SCFs) in 20
states.[](https://setu.etutor.co/blog/national-curriculum-framework-ncf-2023/)
– Expected Completion: Textbook revisions by 2026; SCFs and assessments
by 2027.[](https://www.extramarks.com/blogs/schools/ncf-national-curriculum-
framework/)
• NCF for Early Childhood Care and Education (NCF-ECCE 2022):
– Status: Finalized and released on October 10, 2022, integrated into NCF-
SE 2023 for ages 3–8.[](https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/ncfse2023-national-
curriculum-framework-school-education/261570257)
– Key Concepts:
∗ Play-Based Learning: Emphasizes physical, cognitive, and socio-
emotional development through activities like storytelling and
art.[](https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/ncfse2023-national-curriculum-
framework-school-education/261570257)
∗ Foundational Literacy and Numeracy (FLN): Targets FLN by
Grade 3 via NIPUN Bharat.[](https://leadschool.in/school-owner/national-
curriculum-framework-ncf-2023/)
∗ Inclusivity: Ensures equitable access through anganwadis and
pre-schools.[](https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/national-curriculum-
framework-ncf)
∗ Jadui Pitara: Play-based learning kit for
anganwadis.[](https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/ncfse2023-national-

3
National Education Policy Appraisal Report June 21, 2025 (11:49 AM IST)

curriculum-framework-school-education/261570257)
– Unfinished Tasks: Scaling Jadui Pitara to all 14 lakh anganwadis, training 10
lakh ECCE teachers.[](https://leadschool.in/school-owner/national-curriculum-
framework-ncf-2023/)
– Expected Completion: Full implementation by
2026.[](https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/national-curriculum-framework-ncf)
• NCF for Teacher Education (NCF-TE):
– Status: Draft under review as of June 2025, not yet
finalized.[](https://examin8.com/blog/national-curriculum-framework-2023/)
– Key Concepts:
∗ 4-Year B.Ed.: Mandates integrated B.Ed. programs by
2030.[](https://examin8.com/blog/national-curriculum-framework-2023/)
∗ Professional Development: 50 hours of annual training via NISHTHA
and Swayam.[](https://www.21kschool.com/in/blog/national-curriculum-
framework-ncf/)
∗ Pedagogical Shift: Focuses on constructivist, learner-centered
methods.[](https://www.iitms.co.in/blog/ncfse-guide-to-the-national-
curriculum-framework-for-school-education.html)
– Unfinished Tasks: Finalization of NCF-TE, scaling 4-year B.Ed. to 70% of
institutes.[](https://examin8.com/blog/national-curriculum-framework-2023/)
– Expected Completion: Finalized by December 2025, full implementation
by 2030.[](https://www.extramarks.com/blogs/schools/ncf-national-curriculum-
framework/)
• NCF for Adult Education (NCF-AE):
– Status: Draft under development, not finalized as of June
2025.[](https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/national-curriculum-framework-ncf)
– Key Concepts:
∗ Lifelong Learning: Promotes literacy, vocational skills, and digital lit-
eracy for adults.[](https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/national-curriculum-
framework-ncf)
∗ Inclusivity: Targets marginalized groups, rural areas, and
women.[](https://setu.etutor.co/blog/national-curriculum-framework-ncf-
2023/)
∗ Technology Integration: Uses DIKSHA and PM e-VIDYA for
delivery.[](https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/national-curriculum-
framework-ncf)
– Unfinished Tasks: Finalization of NCF-AE, development of adult education
modules.[](https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/national-curriculum-framework-
ncf)
– Expected Completion: Finalized by 2026, implementation by
2028.[](https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/national-curriculum-framework-ncf)
Summary: Two NCFs (NCF-SE 2023, NCF-ECCE 2022) are complete; NCF-TE and
NCF-AE are in progress. Implementation challenges include teacher training, infras-
tructure, and SCF alignment.[](https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/national-curriculum-
framework-ncf)

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National Education Policy Appraisal Report June 21, 2025 (11:49 AM IST)

4 ª Key Provisions of NEP 2020

NEP 2020 provides the overarching vision for the four NCFs, focusing on holistic, inclusive,
and skill-based education.

Core Provisions

• Curricular Structure: 5+3+3+4 structure across all

NCFs, integrating ECCE, school, teacher, and adult
education.[](https://www.extramarks.com/blogs/schools/ncf-national-curriculum-
framework/)
• Foundational Literacy and Numeracy (FLN): Universal FLN by Grade 3 by 2025
via NIPUN Bharat.[](https://leadschool.in/blog/what-is-ncf/)
• Multilingualism: Mother tongue/regional language as medium until Grade 5, three-
language formula.[](https://vajiramandravi.com/upsc-daily-current-affairs/mains-
articles/national-curriculum-framework-ncf/)
• Experiential Learning: Project-based learning (PBL), coding from Grade
6, vocational education.[](https://leadschool.in/school-owner/national-curriculum-
framework-ncf-2023/)
• Teacher Education: 4-year B.Ed., 50 hours of professional development
annually.[](https://www.21kschool.com/in/blog/national-curriculum-framework-ncf/)
• Assessment Reforms: PARAKH, holistic progress cards, modular board
exams.[](https://www.jagranjosh.com/articles/what-are-the-national-curriculum-
frameworks-assessment-principles-1692874256-1)
• Digital Education: NDEAR, DIKSHA, PM e-VIDYA for tech-enabled
learning.[](https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-
curriculum-framework-4)
• Inclusivity: 25% RTE reservation, accommodations for neurodiverse
learners.[](https://examin8.com/blog/national-curriculum-framework-2023/)
Vision: Transform India into a knowledge society by 2047, aligned with SDG
4.[](https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/ncfse2023-national-curriculum-framework-
school-education/261570257)

5 ª Implementation Status: National Context

As of June 2025, implementation of NEP 2020 and finalized NCFs (NCF-SE 2023, NCF-ECCE
2022) shows progress, with ongoing work on NCF-TE and NCF-AE.

National Implementation

• NCF-SE 2023: Adopted by 20 states, with NCERT revising textbooks for

Grades 1–5 (2024) and 6–12 (ongoing, due 2026). Coding in 60% of CBSE
schools.[](https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-
curriculum-framework-4)[](https://setu.etutor.co/blog/national-curriculum-
framework-ncf-2023/)
• NCF-ECCE 2022: Jadui Pitara in 50,000+ anganwadis, 80% Grade 3 stu-
dents achieving FLN (ASER 2024).[](https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/ncfse2023-
national-curriculum-framework-school-education/261570257)

5
National Education Policy Appraisal Report June 21, 2025 (11:49 AM IST)

• NCF-TE: Draft under review, NISHTHA trained 2.5 crore teachers, 30% in-
stitutes offer 4-year B.Ed.[](https://www.21kschool.com/in/blog/national-curriculum-
framework-ncf/)
• NCF-AE: Draft development ongoing, pilot programs in 10 states using
DIKSHA.[](https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/national-curriculum-framework-ncf)
• Digital Initiatives: DIKSHA hosts 6,500+ textbooks in 77 languages, 53 crore learn-
ing sessions. PM e-VIDYA reaches 10 crore students.[](https://leadschool.in/school-
owner/national-curriculum-framework-ncf-2023/)
• Assessment: PARAKH in 15 states, holistic progress cards in 40% of
schools.[](https://www.jagranjosh.com/articles/what-are-the-national-curriculum-
frameworks-assessment-principles-1692874256-1)
• Inclusivity: RTE’s 25% reservation benefits 2 crore students, but 30%
rural schools lack infrastructure.[](https://examin8.com/blog/national-curriculum-
framework-2023/)
Progress: Union Budget 2024–25 allocated 1.48 lakh crore, with PM SHRI
upgrading 14,500 schools.[](https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-
analysis/national-curriculum-framework-4) Challenges: Digital divide (40% rural
students lack internet), teacher shortages (10 lakh vacancies), and incomplete SCF
adoption.[](https://senseselec.com/blogs/national-curriculum-framework-2023/)

Note: Scrapping of No Detention Policy for Grades 5 and 8 (December 2024) em-
phasizes accountability but may increase dropouts.[](https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-
updates/daily-news-analysis/national-curriculum-framework-4)

6 ª Implementation Status: Odisha Context

Odisha aligns NEP 2020 and NCF-SE 2023 with its cultural and educational needs, with plans
for NCF-ECCE, NCF-TE, and NCF-AE.

Odisha Implementation

• Policy Adoption: NEP 2020 implemented in schools from April 2025,

higher education from 2024–25. A 16-member committee under Prof.
Nityananda Pradhan develops SCF aligned with NCF-SE 2023, due December
2025.[](https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-
curriculum-framework-4)
• NCF-SE 2023: Odia-medium instruction in 70% of primary
schools, Raja Parba-themed environmental projects, Odissi in arts
education.[](https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ncf-2023-overview-key-changes-
highlights-national-srivastava)
• NCF-ECCE 2022: NIPUN Odisha targets FLN for 10 lakh students by 2026,
Jadui Pitara in 5,000 anganwadis.[](https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/ncfse2023-
national-curriculum-framework-school-education/261570257)
• NCF-TE: 1.2 lakh teachers trained via NISHTHA, 4-year B.Ed. piloted at Regional
Institute of Education, Bhubaneswar.[](https://www.21kschool.com/in/blog/national-
curriculum-framework-ncf/)
• NCF-AE: Pilot adult literacy programs in 5 districts using

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National Education Policy Appraisal Report June 21, 2025 (11:49 AM IST)

DIKSHA.[](https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/national-curriculum-framework-ncf)
• Digital Learning: DIKSHA Odisha offers 1,000+ Odia resources, reach-
ing 5 lakh students. Smart classrooms in 2,000 schools under PM
SHRI.[](https://leadschool.in/school-owner/national-curriculum-framework-ncf-
2023/)
• Inclusivity: 25% RTE reservation benefits 3 lakh students, but 20% tribal schools lack
infrastructure.[](https://examin8.com/blog/national-curriculum-framework-2023/)
Progress: Odisha hosted a national NEP conference (January
21–23, 2025), attended by Union Minister Dharmendra Prad-
han.[](https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1951485) Challenges:
Rural connectivity (30% schools lack internet), 15,000 teacher vacancies, funding
constraints.[](https://senseselec.com/blogs/national-curriculum-framework-2023/)

Cultural Note: Raja Parba projects align with NCF-SE 2023’s rootedness, fostering
community engagement.[](https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ncf-2023-overview-key-changes-
highlights-national-srivastava)

7 ª Evaluation Framework
A mixed-methods evaluation assesses NEP 2020 and NCF implementation, focusing on progress,
inclusivity, and alignment.

Evaluation Methods

• Quantitative Measures:
– FLN: Monitor Grade 3 FLN rates via ASER (target: 100% by
2026).[](https://leadschool.in/school-owner/national-curriculum-framework-
ncf-2023/)
– Enrollment: Analyze U-DISE data for GER in Odisha’s tribal ar-
eas and nationally.[](https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/national-curriculum-
framework-ncf)
– Infrastructure: Evaluate PM SHRI upgrades (14,500 national, 2,000 Odisha by
2026).[](https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-
curriculum-framework-4)
• Qualitative Feedback:
– Interview 100 teachers, 500 students (50 teachers, 200
students from Odisha) to assess pedagogy and cultural
relevance.[](https://www.jagranjosh.com/articles/what-are-the-national-
curriculum-frameworks-assessment-principles-1692874256-1)
– Focus groups with parents/administrators on Raja Parba
projects.[](https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ncf-2023-overview-key-changes-
highlights-national-srivastava)
• Observational Data: Monitor 1,000 schools (200 in Odisha) via Vidya Samiksha
Kendra for curriculum adherence.[](https://www.iitms.co.in/blog/ncfse-guide-to-the-
national-curriculum-framework-for-school-education.html)
• Artifact Analysis: Review student outputs (e.g., Nuakhai projects) and SCF
drafts for NCF-SE 2023 alignment.[](https://examin8.com/blog/national-curriculum-
framework-2023/)

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National Education Policy Appraisal Report June 21, 2025 (11:49 AM IST)

Tools:
• Google Forms for feedback.
• NVivo for qualitative analysis.
• U-DISE for quantitative data.
• Rubric Maker for artifacts.
Implementation: Biannual evaluations, reports to Ministry of Education and Odisha’s
School and Mass Education Department.
Outcome: Evidence-based insights to refine implementation.[](https://www.jagranjosh.com/articles/w
are-the-national-curriculum-frameworks-assessment-principles-1692874256-1)

Evaluation Tip: Engage Odisha’s tribal communities for culturally responsive evalua-
tion, per NEP’s inclusivity goals.[](https://examin8.com/blog/national-curriculum-framework-
2023/)

8 ª Challenges and Mitigation Strategies

Implementation of NEP 2020 and NCFs faces systemic challenges, with tailored mitigation
strategies.

Challenges and Mitigation Strategies

• Digital Divide: 40% rural students nationally, 30% in Odisha lack internet, lim-
iting DIKSHA access.[](https://senseselec.com/blogs/national-curriculum-framework-
2023/)
– Solution: Expand PM e-VIDYA offline channels, distribute USB-based DIKSHA
content, install solar-powered smart classrooms in 5,000 Odisha schools by 2027.
• Teacher Shortages: 10 lakh national vacancies, 15,000 in
Odisha.[](https://senseselec.com/blogs/national-curriculum-framework-2023/)
– Solution: Fast-track recruitment with rural incentives, scale 4-year
B.Ed., use Swayam.[](https://www.21kschool.com/in/blog/national-curriculum-
framework-ncf/)
• Funding Constraints: Education spending at 4.6% of GDP, below NEP’s 6%
target.[](https://senseselec.com/blogs/national-curriculum-framework-2023/)
– Solution: Increase Union Budget to 2 lakh crore by 2027, prioritize Odisha’s
tribal schools, leverage CSR funds.
• Multilingualism Resistance: Urban schools resist mother tongue; 70%
Odisha primary schools use Odia.[](https://vajiramandravi.com/upsc-daily-current-
affairs/mains-articles/national-curriculum-framework-ncf/)
– Solution: Awareness campaigns, bilingual pedagogy training, Odia-English DIK-
SHA resources.
• Incomplete NCFs: NCF-TE and NCF-AE not finalized, delaying teacher and
adult education reforms.[](https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/national-curriculum-
framework-ncf)
– Solution: Finalize NCF-TE by December 2025, NCF-AE by 2026, accelerate
pilot programs.
Implementation: Odisha task forces for quarterly monitoring.
Outcome: Enhances implementation feasibility and

8
National Education Policy Appraisal Report June 21, 2025 (11:49 AM IST)

equity.[](https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/national-curriculum-framework-ncf)

9 ª Recommendations for Effective Implementation

Recommendations to strengthen NEP 2020 and NCF implementation nationally and in Odisha.

Recommendations

• National Level:
– Increase education budget to 6% of GDP by 2027, allocating 50,000
crore for FLN and digital infrastructure.[](https://senseselec.com/blogs/national-
curriculum-framework-2023/)
– Finalize NCF-TE by December 2025, NCF-AE by 2026, ensuring teacher
and adult education reforms.[](https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/national-
curriculum-framework-ncf)
– Scale PARAKH to all states by 2026, holistic progress cards in 80%
schools.[](https://www.jagranjosh.com/articles/what-are-the-national-
curriculum-frameworks-assessment-principles-1692874256-1)
• Odisha Level:
– Finalize SCF by December 2025, integrating Jagannath culture and
Nuakhai in education.[](https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-
analysis/national-curriculum-framework-4)
– Train 2 lakh teachers in Odia-medium instruction and PBL by 2027 via
Swayam.[](https://www.21kschool.com/in/blog/national-curriculum-framework-
ncf/)
– Install smart classrooms in 5,000 tribal schools by 2026 using PM SHRI
funds.[](https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-
curriculum-framework-4)
• Culturally Responsive Pedagogy: Develop Raja Parba and Nuakhai-
inspired projects.[](https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ncf-2023-overview-key-changes-
highlights-national-srivastava)
• Technology Integration: Expand DIKSHA Odisha with 2,000+ Odia
resources.[](https://leadschool.in/school-owner/national-curriculum-framework-
ncf-2023/)
• Community Engagement: Involve parents in school management
committees.[](https://examin8.com/blog/national-curriculum-framework-2023/)
Long-Term Goal: Achieve universal quality education by 2030, aligned
with NEP and SDG 4.[](https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/ncfse2023-national-
curriculum-framework-school-education/261570257)

Recommendation Note: Prioritize Odisha’s tribal areas to address equity gaps, per
NEP’s vision.[](https://examin8.com/blog/national-curriculum-framework-2023/)

10 ª Integration with Odisha’s Educational Ecosystem

NEP 2020 and NCF-SE 2023 align with Odisha’s goals, emphasizing cultural rootedness. Below
is a sample integration plan for a Class 10 environmental science unit.

9
National Education Policy Appraisal Report June 21, 2025 (11:49 AM IST)

Table 1: Sample Integration Plan for Class 10 Environmental Science in Odisha

NEP/NCF-SE Provision
Foundational Literacy

Raja Parba-inspired sustainable agriculture projects.[](https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ncf-2023-overvie

PARAKH-aligned rubrics for Nuakhai-themed posters.[](https://www.jagranjosh.com/articles/what-are-

Curriculum Note: Raja Parba and Nuakhai projects support NCF-SE 2023’s root-
edness, fostering engagement.[](https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ncf-2023-overview-key-
changes-highlights-national-srivastava)

11 ª Conclusion
NEP 2020 and its four NCFs (NCF-SE 2023 and NCF-ECCE 2022 finalized, NCF-TE and NCF-
AE in progress) aim to transform India’s education system by 2047. NCF-SE 2023’s 5+3+3+4
structure, multilingualism, and competency-based learning, alongside NCF-ECCE’s play-based
approach, show significant progress. Odisha’s adoption from April 2025, with SCF and Raja
Parba projects, exemplifies localization. Unfinished tasks (NCF-TE, NCF-AE finalization,
textbook revisions, SCF adoption) are targeted for completion by 2026–2028. Challenges like
digital divides and teacher shortages require mitigation. This report provides a roadmap for
equitable, inclusive education aligned with NEP and SDG 4.

12 ª References
• Ministry of Education. (2020). National Education Policy 2020. https://www.education.
gov.in/nep[](https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/national-curriculum-framework-ncf)
• NCERT. (2023). National Curriculum Framework for School Education 2023. https://
ncert.nic.in[](https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/ncfse2023-national-curriculum-framework-
school-education/261570257)
• NCERT. (2022). National Curriculum Framework for ECCE 2022. https://ncert.nic.
in[](https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/ncfse2023-national-curriculum-framework-school-
education/261570257)
• School and Mass Education Department, Odisha. (2025). NEP 2020 Implementation No-
tification. https://sme.odisha.gov.in[](https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-
news-analysis/national-curriculum-framework-4)

10
National Education Policy Appraisal Report June 21, 2025 (11:49 AM IST)

• ASER Centre. (2024). Annual Status of Education Report. https://www.asercentre.

org[](https://leadschool.in/school-owner/national-curriculum-framework-ncf-2023/)
• Drishti IAS. (2023). Initiatives Under NEP 2020. https://www.drishtiias.com[](https://www.drishtii
updates/daily-news-analysis/national-curriculum-framework-4)
• Times of India. (2025). Odisha Forms 16-Member Panel for SCF. https://timesofindia.
indiatimes.com[](https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-curriculum-
framework-4)

11