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    Jackson 5.1 Homework Solution

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    alex
    This problem asks the student to show that the magnetic induction B at a point P due to a closed current-carrying loop is given by B= μ0 I ∇Ω /4π, where Ω is the solid angle subtended by the loop at P. The solution starts with the differential expression for B and integrates it over the closed loop using vector identities and Stokes' theorem. After some algebraic manipulations involving the Laplacian and Dirac delta function, the expression for B in terms of the solid angle Ω is obtained. The sign convention for Ω is that it is positive if the normal vector n to the surface spanning the loop points away from P according to the right

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    Jackson 5.1 Homework Solution

    Uploaded by

    alex
    864 views3 pages
    This problem asks the student to show that the magnetic induction B at a point P due to a closed current-carrying loop is given by B= μ0 I ∇Ω /4π, where Ω is the solid angle subtended by the loop at P. The solution starts with the differential expression for B and integrates it over the closed loop using vector identities and Stokes' theorem. After some algebraic manipulations involving the Laplacian and Dirac delta function, the expression for B in terms of the solid angle Ω is obtained. The sign convention for Ω is that it is positive if the normal vector n to the surface spanning the loop points away from P according to the right

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    Jackson Electrodynamics solutions to problem 5.1

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    This problem asks the student to show that the magnetic induction B at a point P due to a closed current-carrying loop is given by B= μ0 I ∇Ω /4π, where Ω is the solid angle subtended by the loop at P. The solution starts with the differential expression for B and integrates it over the closed loop using vector identities and Stokes' theorem. After some algebraic manipulations involving the Laplacian and Dirac delta function, the expression for B in terms of the solid angle Ω is obtained. The sign convention for Ω is that it is positive if the normal vector n to the surface spanning the loop points away from P according to the right

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    864 views3 pages

    Jackson 5.1 Homework Solution

    Uploaded by

    alex
    This problem asks the student to show that the magnetic induction B at a point P due to a closed current-carrying loop is given by B= μ0 I ∇Ω /4π, where Ω is the solid angle subtended by the loop at P. The solution starts with the differential expression for B and integrates it over the closed loop using vector identities and Stokes' theorem. After some algebraic manipulations involving the Laplacian and Dirac delta function, the expression for B in terms of the solid angle Ω is obtained. The sign convention for Ω is that it is positive if the normal vector n to the surface spanning the loop points away from P according to the right

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Jackson 5.

    1 Homework Problem Solution


    Dr. Christopher S. Baird University of Massachusetts Lowell

    PROBLEM: Starting with the differential expression d B= 0 I xx ' d l ' 3 4 xx '

    for the magnetic induction at the point P with coordinate x produced by an increment of current I dl' at x', show explicitly that for a closed loop carrying a current I the magnetic induction at P is B= 0 I 4

    where is the solid angle subtended by the loop at the point P. This corresponds to a magnetic scalar potential, M = -0I/4. The sign convention for the solid angle is positive if the point P views the inner side of the surface spanning the loop, that is, if a unit normal n to the surface is defined by the direction of current flow via the right-hand rule, is positive if n points away from the point P, and negative otherwise. This is the same convention as in Section 1.6 for the electric dipole layer. SOLUTION: Start with the differential expression and put all the constants on the other side to get them out of the way: 4 xx ' d B=d l ' 0 I xx '3 This is a vector equation that must hold for all components. If we take one component in a general way, then it will apply to all components. Let us take the ith Cartesian component. 4 xx ' d B i= xi d l ' 0 I xx '3

    ] ]
    xx ' 1 = ' 3 xx ' xx '

    now integrate over a closed loop to get the total field due to the loop: 4 xx ' B i= x i d l ' 0 I xx '3

    We want to try to do this integral. Use the identity

    4 1 B i= x i d l ' ' 0 I xx '

    )]

    (bc)=b(ca) Use the vector identity a 4 1 B i= d l ' ' xi 0 I xx '

    [ ( ) ]

    Use Stoke's theorem to convert the line integral to an area integral over the surface bounded by the closed line integral. 4 1 B i= ' ' x i n ' da ' xx ' 0 I Now use the identity: '(ab)=a ( 'b)b( 'a)+(b ') a(a ') b and set a= '

    [ [ ( ) ]]
    1 xx '
    x and b= i

    '( '

    ( ) ( )

    1 1 1 xi )= i ( '2 x )+( i ') ' x xx ' xx ' xx '

    Use this identity: 4 1 1 B i= x i ( '2 ) ' da '+ ( x i ') ' n ' da ' n 0 I xx ' xx ' The Laplacian of 1/R is related to the Dirac delta: 4 1 B = [ x (4 (xx ')) ]n ' da '+ ( x i ') ' ' da ' n 0 I i i xx ' Assume the observation point x never lies in the current loop's area of integration. Then the Dirac delta is always zero and the first term goes away. 4 1 B i= ' xx ' 0 I xi '

    )]

    )]

    )]

    [ [ ( )]]

    n ' da '

    Due to the symmetry of the factor contained in the inner brackets, we can make the partial derivative with respect to unprimed coordinates if we negate the entire expression. We can then bring the partial derivative out of the integral:

    4 1 B i= n ' xx ' ' da ' 0 I xi Now again use xx ' 1 = ' 3 xx ' xx '

    [ (
    [

    )]

    4 xx ' B = ' da ' n 0 I i x i xx '3 cos 4 B i= da ' 2 0 I xi xx ' Here the angle is between the normal vector to the surface patch and the separation vector connecting the observation point and the patch. A quick sketch of the term in brackets reveals that it is the solid angle subtended by the patch in relation to the observation point. 4 B i= d ' 0 I xi 4 B= (x ) 0 I i xi Combing all components, we get: B= 0 I 4

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