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    Air Generation & Distribution System

    Uploaded by

    Huzai Azman
    1. The document discusses types of air compressors and compressor accessories used in air generation and distribution systems. It describes positive displacement and dynamic compressors like reciprocating, rotary, and axial flow compressors. 2. Compressor accessories discussed include input strainers and silencers, air reservoirs, pressure relief valves, and service units containing filters, pressure regulators, and lubricators. 3. Air dehydration methods to remove moisture from compressed air are also outlined, such as continuous cooling, absorbance drying, adsorption drying, and coolant drying.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Air Generation & Distribution System

    Uploaded by

    Huzai Azman
    134 views46 pages
    1. The document discusses types of air compressors and compressor accessories used in air generation and distribution systems. It describes positive displacement and dynamic compressors like reciprocating, rotary, and axial flow compressors. 2. Compressor accessories discussed include input strainers and silencers, air reservoirs, pressure relief valves, and service units containing filters, pressure regulators, and lubricators. 3. Air dehydration methods to remove moisture from compressed air are also outlined, such as continuous cooling, absorbance drying, adsorption drying, and coolant drying.

    Original Description:

    for mokanikal politeknik

    Original Title

    2 Air Preparation and Dis

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    1. The document discusses types of air compressors and compressor accessories used in air generation and distribution systems. It describes positive displacement and dynamic compressors like reciprocating, rotary, and axial flow compressors. 2. Compressor accessories discussed include input strainers and silencers, air reservoirs, pressure relief valves, and service units containing filters, pressure regulators, and lubricators. 3. Air dehydration methods to remove moisture from compressed air are also outlined, such as continuous cooling, absorbance drying, adsorption drying, and coolant drying.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    134 views46 pages

    Air Generation & Distribution System

    Uploaded by

    Huzai Azman
    1. The document discusses types of air compressors and compressor accessories used in air generation and distribution systems. It describes positive displacement and dynamic compressors like reciprocating, rotary, and axial flow compressors. 2. Compressor accessories discussed include input strainers and silencers, air reservoirs, pressure relief valves, and service units containing filters, pressure regulators, and lubricators. 3. Air dehydration methods to remove moisture from compressed air are also outlined, such as continuous cooling, absorbance drying, adsorption drying, and coolant drying.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 46

    AIR GENERATION & DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

    OBJECTIVE
    1. State and compare the types of air

    compressors.

    2. State and explain the compressor

    accessories.

    3. State and explain on air dehydration.

    4. State and explain the effect of air treatment

    EQUATION ASSOCIATED WITH COMPRESSIBLE AIR


    Pressure kPa psi bar
    Air return back into the atmosphere based on the equation of the unit below.
    1 atmosphere = 100 kPa (1 Pascal = 1 N/m2) = 14.5 psi = 1.01325 bar

    Boyles Law Air does not have a specific form. If the volume of a mass is reduced, the pressure will increase because it is inversely proportional to the volume, that is, if the volume is reduced by a half times, the pressure will increase by 2 times as Figure below.

    The pressure force on the piston

    The formula to prove the theory are:

    P1V1 = P2V2

    POWER

    Units for the force is the Newton.


    Force = Pressure x Area

    Nowadays, with the materials and manufacturing technologies cylinder where it has a low level of friction. The formula for calculating the effective force, Feff estimated 10% loss is:
    Feff = P x D2 x 7

    Where the effective force in Newton's unit, the unit of pressure in the bar and the diameter (D2) in cm2

    AIR COMPRESSOR
    Air compressor compresses air from atmospheric pressure to a higher pressure. This is done by the compressor is to reduce the volume of air.
    Supplied air must be clean of oil and

    contaminants.

    Aplication of Air compressed

    1. Reciprocating equipment such as a hammer handle clutter-free, concrete breakers and so on.
    2. Handling equipment such as rotary motors,

    3.

    4.
    5.

    6.

    grinding, drill, air-operated pump, wrenches and so on. Spray paint, oil, pesticides and so on. Operating the air pistons to press tool, opening doors, lifting, gripping and so on. Air spray for cleaning purposes. Operate control equipment, valves and so on.

    TYPES OF COMPRESSOR
    COMPRESSOR

    Positive Displacement Type ~ reciprocating ~ rotary

    Dynamic type ~ Radial flow type ~ Axial flow type

    RECIPROCAL COMPRESSOR

    One level piston compressor


    & two levels piston compressor

    diaphragm compressor

    One level piston compressor


    Injap sedutan Injap hantaran Liang hantaran Liang sedutan Omboh

    a) Release Process

    (b) Delivery Process

    One level piston compressor

    Two levels piston compressor


    Liang Sedutan Udara masuk Silinder Pertama Silinder Kedua

    Liang Hantaran

    Omboh Pertama

    Omboh Kedua

    Saluran Udara Termampat

    Air Penyejuk Keluar Penyejuk Antara

    Air Penyejuk Masuk

    Two levels piston compressor

    Two levels piston compressor

    Diaphragm compressor
    Injap

    Gegendang

    ROTARY COMPRESSOR

    Sliding Vane Compressor

    Screw compressor

    Sliding Vane Compressor


    Can result in pressure between 400 kN / m - 800 kN / m. Elements is basically a player and a few pieces of free ram visited radially in one casing

    Sliding Vane Compressorram gelangsar

    Screw compressor
    Screw-type compressor with lubricating oil as protection from leaks.
    It can be used if the load applied to it unchanged.

    The problem is the screw-type compressor, compressed air is produced with oil content, so it requires oil filter installed in series the output is divided.

    COMPRESSORS ACCESORIES

    COMPRESSORS ACCESORIES
    1.Input strainer & Silencers 2.Air Reservoir 3.Pressure-Relief valves 4.Service Unit

    Input strainer and Silencers


    Each system requires a filter compressor suction to remove dirt particles before the air enters the inlet port. These filters are usually paper elements that require maintenance or replacement from

    time to time.
    A silencer is sometimes necessary to eliminate the

    noise of the air entering the compressor. It can be installed before or after the filter depends on the effects of silencers required.

    Air reservoir

    Filter the air coming into the main system (filter input). Storing compressed air to prevent the compressor operates continuously. Heat transfer to cool the compressed air to promote the condensate drips down the reservoir before the air channeled into a pneumatic system. Collect condensate and dirt from the air. The relief valve is located in the upper air tube

    function to control the excess pressure


    .

    Air reservoir

    Pressure relief valve


    This tool is an air receiver

    installed in a relaxing medium for changing the pressure in the system Ensure that the operating pressure is always constant

    Service unit
    This tool is a package that contains the air

    Filter, pressure Regulator and Lubricator

    Service unit

    Air filter

    Pressure regulator

    Filter

    Filter

    Air filters used to clean the air.

    Pressure regulator
    Inlet pressure must always be higher than the output pressure.

    Lubricator
    Adequate supply of lubricant

    needed for pneumatic equipment. A piping installation made channels. Pipes made of rubber, plastic or metal. Pipe used as gas channels can not be used at all.

    Air dehydration

    Air dehydration
    Air dehydration process serves to lower

    temperatures and dry air after the compression process. Air dehydration process can be divided into two parts as follows:
    Continuous cooler Air dryer

    Continuous cooler
    Air cool - cooling process, air as a medium.
    Water cool - cooling process is done by using

    water as a medium.

    Air cool

    Water cool

    Air dryer
    Absorbance drying Adsorption drying Coolant drying (low temperature drying) Main line filter

    Absorbance drying
    Using wet chemical type of fluid to absorb water from the air.
    After absorbing this chemical water will

    become liquid. Among the chemicals most commonly used are urea, lithium and calcium chloride

    Holding cylinder built to store

    chemical absorbent in large numbers. bottom of the cylinder and flows up through the absorbent material level before the dry air passes out. the air will be moist and liquid and drip down.

    Compressed air to flow in from the

    Chemicals that absorb moisture from

    Chemicals in the cylinder will

    decrease and should be increased from time to time by adding space at the top of the cylinder.

    Adsorption drying
    Adsorption method means that the water from the air will stick to the surface of the chemicals. Usually composed of silica gel and activated alumina is filled into the cylinder

    Fresh air enters from the bottom and out as the dry air at the top. If required the air drier, air will flow back into the

    second cylinder and removed at the bottom of the second cylinder.

    Coolant drying (low temperature drying)


    The air was compressed at a temperature of about 44C in

    through the inlet through a pipe. Wet air conditioning air flow directly through the air and straight into the water separator. In the water separator, the water collected will drip down. The semi-dry air and cold air is passed directly to the "air into the coolant" and out into the water separator where the water collected will drip down. The air was dry and cold air is passed over to the "air to air" before the air flows into the system. Out of the dryer air conditioner is dry and cold air. The exit temperature of about 2C

    Coolant drying (low temperature drying)

    TQ

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