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CS 341 Computer Architecture and Organization

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Moises Meza

This document provides information about the CS341 Computer Architecture and Organization course. It will teach computer architecture and organization from an embedded systems perspective using textbooks on professional assembly language programming and digital principles. Students are instructed to apply for a UNIX account, set up their environment to compile and run programs, and complete the first reading assignment. The course will focus on embedded processor programming and consider real-time constraints, limited resources, and safety critical applications compared to traditional computer architecture. Students will gain hands-on experience through labs using an Arduino microcomputer system.

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CS 341 Computer Architecture and Organization

Uploaded by

Moises Meza
180 views18 pages
This document provides information about the CS341 Computer Architecture and Organization course. It will teach computer architecture and organization from an embedded systems perspective using textbooks on professional assembly language programming and digital principles. Students are instructed to apply for a UNIX account, set up their environment to compile and run programs, and complete the first reading assignment. The course will focus on embedded processor programming and consider real-time constraints, limited resources, and safety critical applications compared to traditional computer architecture. Students will gain hands-on experience through labs using an Arduino microcomputer system.

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Lecture 01

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This document provides information about the CS341 Computer Architecture and Organization course. It will teach computer architecture and organization from an embedded systems perspective using textbooks on professional assembly language programming and digital principles. Students are instructed to apply for a UNIX account, set up their environment to compile and run programs, and complete the first reading assignment. The course will focus on embedded processor programming and consider real-time constraints, limited resources, and safety critical applications compared to traditional computer architecture. Students will gain hands-on experience through labs using an Arduino microcomputer system.

Copyright:

Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
180 views18 pages

CS 341 Computer Architecture and Organization

Uploaded by

Moises Meza
This document provides information about the CS341 Computer Architecture and Organization course. It will teach computer architecture and organization from an embedded systems perspective using textbooks on professional assembly language programming and digital principles. Students are instructed to apply for a UNIX account, set up their environment to compile and run programs, and complete the first reading assignment. The course will focus on embedded processor programming and consider real-time constraints, limited resources, and safety critical applications compared to traditional computer architecture. Students will gain hands-on experience through labs using an Arduino microcomputer system.

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You are on page 1/ 18

CS 341 Computer Architecture and Organization

Lecturer: Bob Wilson Office: S-3-176 Phone: 617-287-6475 Email: bobw@cs.umb.edu


1

Welcome to CS341
This course teaches computer architecture and organization from the embedded system POV Textbooks are:
Professional Assembly Language Shaums Outline Series, Digital Principles

The course syllabus is on my CS341 website: www.cs.umb.edu/~bobw/CS341/index.html Go over syllabus


2

Getting Started
UNIX Account
Apply for CS341 ASAP! (Science 3rd Floor UNIX Lab)

Remote Internet access from your own PC


Connect to and login onto ulab.cs.umb.edu directly MUST use Secure Shell 2 for remote access!

Edit your .cshrc file to add module ulab


Defines environment variables Makes it possible to compile and run programs, fetch examples, get necessary files

Dont use chown, chgrp, or chmod on any of your mp directories or files! That could enable cheating. 3

Homework
Familiarize yourself with the course syllabus Locate and start reading course references:
Web Based / Linked from syllabus web page

First reading assignment:


Professional Assembly Language Programming, pp 1-16) Access/Print and read (using links from my web page):
User guide to UNIX Systems, Patrick ONeil The Microprocessor Lab $pcex/pc.handout (using link in the above) $pcex/test.c (using link in the above)
4

Textbook Commentary
This textbook is one of the few books that uses the GNU (aka ATT) syntax for i386 assembly language instructions Well be using the GNU syntax in this course Most other books (e.g. the previous textbook) require learning and using a translation for the syntax which was always a pain to deal with However, it has a couple disadvantages
5

Textbook Commentary
The textbook teaches Intel i386 assembly language programming and development tools from the point of view where code is being run on the same machine as where it is being developed The text material on the development tools must be adapted for cross compilation and cross assembly to run on SAPCs which are simulating embedded systems 6

Textbook Commentary
The book assumes that you will write your assembly language programs to run on the development host with a Linux O/S It shows you how to use Linux system calls for I/O operations that we will not be using We will run our assembly language programs on an SAPC under Tutor not Linux We need to use direct I/O instructions (e.g. in and out) that are not covered in the book
7

Embedded Systems
Embedded processors are inside a system that is not usually thought of as a computer There are many more processors in embedded systems than there are in IT applications such as laptops, desktops and servers (90% / 10%) There are complex challenges for embedded system programming and these programmers need specialized knowledge and are well-paid
8

Embedded Systems
Examples:
Automobile engine controls, GPS systems, etc. Appliances such as microwave ovens, TVs, etc. Manufacturing plants / robotic machines Chemical and petroleum plants - control systems Aircraft/Ships/Rockets commercial and military Building HVAC, elevator, and security systems Communications routers, switches, and modems Medical instrumentation and implanted devices9

Embedded Systems
Considerations for embedded system software
The processors are NOT powerful Pentiums with Gigabytes of memory / disk and Gigabit networks Cost may be critical for high volume products Code/data space and bandwidth are critical resources There may be hard real time constraints so the SW efficiency and timing are usually critical factors The cost of a bug in the SW may include injury or death for a person or even worse many people
10

Embedded System Example


SCUBA Diving Computer

11

Embedded System Example


SCUBA Diving Computer Block Diagram
Water Sensor Push Button LCD Display

Depth Sensor

CPU

RT Clock

Temp Sensor

Program Memory

LOG Memory

12

Embedded System Example


Diving Computer Software Functionality
Automatically turn on when in the water Track/display times and depths during the dive Calculate the amount of Nitrogen absorbed Display the safe remaining dive time Pace the divers ascent, e.g. deco/safety stops Record dive data in non-volatile log memory Keep track of surface interval before next dive Keep track of safe time before flying
13

Embedded System Example


Team 1: How would you develop and install the software in the diving computer?
Team 2: How would you test the software in the diving computer?

14

Embedded System Example


What are the possible consequences of bugs in the diving computer software?
Diver gets the bends Diver dies

YouTube video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eNqPTOb31S8&NR=1

15

Embedded Systems Lab


Introduction to CS341 lab equipment Arduino microcomputer system / breadboard

16

Embedded Systems Lab


Microprocessor AtMega328P
8 bit AVR processor @ up to 20 MHz clock 32 Kbytes program memory plus 1 Kbyte RAM

Programmed using a language like C/C++ with a custom I/O support library Development system cost $36.00! Buying the processor alone in quantity would probably be about the price of a candy bar
17

Embedded System Lab Big Picture


To use embedded software development tools, a development host is attached to a target host via:
RS-232 Ethernet USB Other?

Development USB Cable Host PC

18

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