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    Forest

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    Melinda Rafael
    Forests cover nearly half of the Philippines' land area and provide important ecological benefits. They contain diverse primary and secondary vegetation types that serve as habitat for wildlife, including endangered and threatened species. Forests are under threat from deforestation driven by logging, kaingan farming, and fires set by humans. Conservation efforts include designating forest reserves, controlling tree cutting, reforestation, environmental education, and legal penalties for illegal logging. Forests are important because they provide resources for industry, food and materials for people and animals, protect soil and regulate climate, support biodiversity, and offer recreational benefits.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Forest

    Uploaded by

    Melinda Rafael
    868 views27 pages
    Forests cover nearly half of the Philippines' land area and provide important ecological benefits. They contain diverse primary and secondary vegetation types that serve as habitat for wildlife, including endangered and threatened species. Forests are under threat from deforestation driven by logging, kaingan farming, and fires set by humans. Conservation efforts include designating forest reserves, controlling tree cutting, reforestation, environmental education, and legal penalties for illegal logging. Forests are important because they provide resources for industry, food and materials for people and animals, protect soil and regulate climate, support biodiversity, and offer recreational benefits.

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    Forests cover nearly half of the Philippines' land area and provide important ecological benefits. They contain diverse primary and secondary vegetation types that serve as habitat for wildlife, including endangered and threatened species. Forests are under threat from deforestation driven by logging, kaingan farming, and fires set by humans. Conservation efforts include designating forest reserves, controlling tree cutting, reforestation, environmental education, and legal penalties for illegal logging. Forests are important because they provide resources for industry, food and materials for people and animals, protect soil and regulate climate, support biodiversity, and offer recreational benefits.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    868 views27 pages

    Forest

    Uploaded by

    Melinda Rafael
    Forests cover nearly half of the Philippines' land area and provide important ecological benefits. They contain diverse primary and secondary vegetation types that serve as habitat for wildlife, including endangered and threatened species. Forests are under threat from deforestation driven by logging, kaingan farming, and fires set by humans. Conservation efforts include designating forest reserves, controlling tree cutting, reforestation, environmental education, and legal penalties for illegal logging. Forests are important because they provide resources for industry, food and materials for people and animals, protect soil and regulate climate, support biodiversity, and offer recreational benefits.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 27

    Forests

    WHAT IS FOREST?
    A forest is a community of trees, shrubs,
    herbs, and associated plants and organisms
    that cover a considerable area that use
    oxygen , water and soil nutrients as the
    community attains maturity and reproduces
    itself.

    Lungs of the earth. The worlds


    environment owes much of its state of health
    to the presence of forests. So too does human
    survival and welfare.

    Forests
    Occupying almost all parts of the country, the great
    forest belts are divided into distinct types:
    1) primary or virgin forests in lowlands, like
    mangrove, dipterocarp, and molave forests

    molave forest

    mangrove forest

    Forests
    2) Secondary forests- developed from virgin
    forests through succession by illegal logging or the
    kaingan system, the system in setting the forest on
    fire for cropping.
    3) Grasslands and open country- developed from and to
    secondary forests
    4) Parang vegetation- grasslands with patches of
    secondary forest tree species
    5) Bamboo thickets
    6) Cultivated fields

    The original forests of the


    Philippines covered nearly half our
    land about 145,973.30 square
    kilometers.

    Habitat of the Forest


    WILD LIFE
    - means the native animals of a region
    ENDANGERED SPECIES
    -These are the species, which are in
    danger of extinction and which may not
    survive if the adverse factors continue to
    rotate.

    - The species likely to move into the


    endangered category in the near future if the
    causal adverse factors continue to operate.

    REAR SPECIES
    - These are the species with small population
    in the world and are at risk.

    THREATENED SPECIES
    - These are Species, which are in any one of
    the Endangered, Vulnerable, Rare Species
    categories.

    Flora and Fauna

    Flora is a word of Latin origin


    referring to Flora, the goddess of
    flowers.
    Fauna can refer to the animal life
    or classification of animals of a
    certain region, time period, or
    environment.

    Advantages

    Acts as a wind barrier


    from heavy winds
    Provides medicinal
    remedies
    Recreation
    Lumber for the
    construction industry
    Promotes rainfall
    Prevents soil erosion
    Prevents flooding
    Maintains the
    composition of the
    atmosphere
    Reduces noise pollution

    Causes of Forest
    Destruction

    Humans and the use of Forests


    Forests are often misused by
    people. Immature trees are
    cut down ruthlessly,
    destroying living organisms
    and standing timber, and
    consuming the seeds of
    young trees. And fires, as
    they destroy trees, cause soil
    erosion and floods in the
    lower areas.

    Humans and the use of Forests


    In the Philippines, setting the
    forest on fire in preparation for
    cropping is a practice known
    as kaingan. Forest fires are
    also caused by arsonists,
    debris burners, smokers and
    irresponsible campers.

    Humans and the use of Forests


    Indiscriminate logging is another way by which humans
    mismanage our forests. So many trees are cut down
    that reforestation can not make up for the loss.

    Humans and the use of Forests


    Natural factors may also bring down forests pests,
    grazing and gnawing animals, lightning that may
    cause fires, and calamities like storms or strong
    winds.

    CAUSES OF
    DEFORESTATION
    a) Forest fires caused by careless
    persons
    b)Shifting cultivation which destroys
    large areas of forests
    c) Excessive logging activities
    d)Housing which results in the destruction
    of trees to meet peoples demand for
    shelter
    e) Removal of vegetation for mining
    purposes

    How to conserve the forest?


    Protection by law.
    Protected species of Phil. Wildlife.
    Establishment of sanctuaries and national parks.
    Natural habitat of wildlife should be carefully
    protected.
    Shooting and hunting of endangered species should
    be totally band.
    Research on wildlife should be encouraged.
    Public should be educated.

    CONSERVATION OF FORESTS
    1) Design certain areas as forest reserves
    2) Controlled cutting of trees this allows for only
    certain mature trees to be logged
    3) A massive reafforestation programme that is
    replanting trees in areas that were once forested
    areas
    4) Education compaign to sensitize people of the
    importance of forests
    5) Strict and severe penalties for illegal
    lumbering

    Dry hay or IMPORTANCE OF


    Straw etc.
    FORESTS
    used as
    animal
    food.
    1. They provide raw materials for
    certain industry.
    2. They provide food, fodder, fuel,
    fertilizer and fiber.
    3. They prevent soil erosion and
    preserve the fertility of the soil.
    4. They provide moisture and lower
    the temperature.

    IMPORTANCE OF
    FORESTS
    5. They are the home for many animals
    and birds, thus , they preserve the
    biodiversity.
    6. They maintain the ecological
    balance.
    7. They provide medicinal value
    resulting in the making of many
    medicinal drugs.

    IMPORTANCE OF
    FORESTS
    8. Forests also help to alleviate
    psychological stress arising from the
    trials of modern society.
    9. They provide the opportunity for
    relaxation and meditation can lead
    to the development of eco-tourism.

    Benefits from trees in our


    Forest
    Lumber- Raw lumber has been one of
    Philippines major exports. The apitong,
    tanguile, guijo, and narra forests supply
    most of todays construction lumber.

    apitong tree

    narra tree

    Benefits from trees in our


    Forest
    Paper- Paper is produced
    from pulpwood such as
    pine.
    Distillation productsExamples of these are
    wood, alcohol, acetic acid,
    lampblack, paints and
    varnishes, and charcoal.
    Other distillation products
    can also be secured from
    sugarcane, coconut, and
    nipa palms..

    Benefits of Trees in our Forests


    Other Products- pine, bamboo, buri, sugar
    tanning materials, and essential oils
    In addition, forest trees provide food and shelter
    to our animals.

    Bamboo

    Pine

    Essential
    oil

    ACTS THAT WILL PROTECT THE FOREST


    PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 54
    PENALTIES FOR ILLEGAL LOGGING

    Any natural or juridical person who directly or indirectly cuts, declares,


    classifies, possesses or exports logs in violation of existing laws, rules and
    regulations shall be penalized.
    REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9175

    An act regulating the ownership, possession, sale, importation


    and use of chain saws, penalizing violations thereof and for other
    purposes.
    REPUBLIC ACT No. 3701

    An act to discourage destruction of forests, further amending for


    the purpose section twenty-seven hundred fifty-one of the revised
    administrative code.

    Prepared By:
    Janilo Sarmiento
    Julieta Ibanez
    Lita Aurea Batilong
    Usiel Apari
    Sany Fe Tajale
    Cherry Alaba
    Ritchel Milagrosa
    Jessa GumapacA

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