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    Air Blast Circuit Breaker 1

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    srinu247
    This document discusses air blast circuit breakers. It begins by explaining that these breakers use an air blast as the quenching medium to open contacts and extinguish arcs. There are three types - axial blast, where air is directed along the arc path; cross-blast, where air is directed perpendicular to the arc; and radial blast, where air radiates outward. When a fault occurs, high pressure air enters the arcing chamber and separates the contacts, extinguishing the arc by sweeping away ionized gases. While reliable, air blast breakers require compressor maintenance and are sensitive to restriking voltage variations. They are commonly used for high voltages above 110kV.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Air Blast Circuit Breaker 1

    Uploaded by

    srinu247
    511 views13 pages
    This document discusses air blast circuit breakers. It begins by explaining that these breakers use an air blast as the quenching medium to open contacts and extinguish arcs. There are three types - axial blast, where air is directed along the arc path; cross-blast, where air is directed perpendicular to the arc; and radial blast, where air radiates outward. When a fault occurs, high pressure air enters the arcing chamber and separates the contacts, extinguishing the arc by sweeping away ionized gases. While reliable, air blast breakers require compressor maintenance and are sensitive to restriking voltage variations. They are commonly used for high voltages above 110kV.

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    Air blast circuit breaker ppt with all types of breakers

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    This document discusses air blast circuit breakers. It begins by explaining that these breakers use an air blast as the quenching medium to open contacts and extinguish arcs. There are three types - axial blast, where air is directed along the arc path; cross-blast, where air is directed perpendicular to the arc; and radial blast, where air radiates outward. When a fault occurs, high pressure air enters the arcing chamber and separates the contacts, extinguishing the arc by sweeping away ionized gases. While reliable, air blast breakers require compressor maintenance and are sensitive to restriking voltage variations. They are commonly used for high voltages above 110kV.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    511 views13 pages

    Air Blast Circuit Breaker 1

    Uploaded by

    srinu247
    This document discusses air blast circuit breakers. It begins by explaining that these breakers use an air blast as the quenching medium to open contacts and extinguish arcs. There are three types - axial blast, where air is directed along the arc path; cross-blast, where air is directed perpendicular to the arc; and radial blast, where air radiates outward. When a fault occurs, high pressure air enters the arcing chamber and separates the contacts, extinguishing the arc by sweeping away ionized gases. While reliable, air blast breakers require compressor maintenance and are sensitive to restriking voltage variations. They are commonly used for high voltages above 110kV.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 13

    AIRBLAST

    CIRCUIT BREAKER

    Introduction
    These

    type of breakers employ air blast as the


    quenching medium.
    The contacts are opened by air blast produced
    by the opening of blast valve.
    The air blast cools the arc and sweeps away the
    arcing products to the atmosphere.
    This rapidly increases the dielectric strength of
    the medium between contacts and prevents
    from re-establishing the arc.
    So the arc is extinguished and the flow of
    current is interrupted.

    Classification
    Types

    of Air blast circuit breaker


    (1). Axial-blast type
    (2).Cross-blast type
    (3).Radial-blast type

    1)

    Axial-blast type:-

    In which the air-blast is


    directed along the arc path as
    shown in Fig.

    Types of Air blast circuit


    breaker
    2) Cross-blast type:In which the air-blast is
    directed at right angles to the
    arc path as shown in Fig.

    Types of Air blast circuit


    breaker
    (3) Radial-blast type:In which the air-blast is
    directed radially as shown
    in Fig

    1) Axial blast Air blast circuit


    breaker

    Axial blast Air blast circuit breaker

    The fixed and moving contacts are held in closed position with the help of spring pressure.

    There is an air reservoir connected to the arcing chamber through an air valve. The air
    valve control the flow of air into the arcing chamber. The valve is closed under normal
    conditions.

    When a fault occurs a tripping impulse is produced which causes opening of the air valve.
    Since the air valve connects the air reservoir and the arcing chamber, a high pressure air
    enters to the arcing chamber.

    This air pushes away the moving contact against the spring pressure. The moving contact
    is separated and an arc is struck. At the same time high pressure air blast flows along the
    arc and takes away the ionised gases along with it. Consequently the arc is extinguished
    and current flow is interrupted.

    The contact seperation required for arc extinction is very small generally (1.75 or so ).

    This small gap may sometimes inadequate clearence for the normal sevice voltage.
    Therefore an isolating switch is included as a part of this CB.

    This switch opens immediately after the fault interruption to provide necessary clearence
    for insulation.

    2) Cross-blast air breaker

    Cross-blast air breaker

    When the moving contact is withdrawn, an arc is struck between the fixed and
    moving contacts. The high pressure cross-blast forces the arc into a chute
    consisting of arc splitters and baffles.

    The splitters serve to increase the length of the arc and baffles give improved
    cooling. The result is that arc is extinguished and flow of current is interrupted.
    Since blast pressure is same for all currents, the inefficiency at low currents is
    eliminated.

    The final gap for interruption is great enough to give normal iusulation clearance
    so that a series isolating switch is not necessary.

    Advantages

    The risk of fire is eliminated.

    The arcing products are completely removed by the blast

    The growth of dielectric strength is so rapid that final contact gap needed for arc
    extinction is very small. This reduces the size of device.

    The arcing time is very small due to the rapid build up of dielectric strength between
    contacts

    Due to lesser arc energy, ABCB are very suitable for conditions where frequent
    operation is required

    The energy supplied for arc extinction is obtained from high pressure air &
    independent of the current to be interrupted

    11

    Disadvantages

    Air has relatively inferior arc extinguishing properties.

    Air blast circuit breakers are very sensitive to the variations in the rate of
    restriking voltage.

    Considerable maintenance is required for the compressor plant which


    supplies the air blast .

    12

    Application

    The air blast circuit breakers are finding wide applications in high voltage
    installations. Majority of the circuit breakers for voltages beyond 110 kV
    are of this type.

    13

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