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    Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology

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    azwar
    This document is a presentation on deep foundations by a group of civil engineering students at Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology. It introduces deep foundations, including piles, piers, caissons, and different types of piles such as precast piles, cast-in-situ piles, concrete piles, steel piles and timber piles. It then focuses on precast piles, describing their design, shapes, uses, advantages and disadvantages compared to cast-in-situ piles. The construction process of both precast and cast-in-situ piles is explained.

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    Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology

    Uploaded by

    azwar
    65 views60 pages
    This document is a presentation on deep foundations by a group of civil engineering students at Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology. It introduces deep foundations, including piles, piers, caissons, and different types of piles such as precast piles, cast-in-situ piles, concrete piles, steel piles and timber piles. It then focuses on precast piles, describing their design, shapes, uses, advantages and disadvantages compared to cast-in-situ piles. The construction process of both precast and cast-in-situ piles is explained.

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    This document is a presentation on deep foundations by a group of civil engineering students at Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology. It introduces deep foundations, including piles, piers, caissons, and different types of piles such as precast piles, cast-in-situ piles, concrete piles, steel piles and timber piles. It then focuses on precast piles, describing their design, shapes, uses, advantages and disadvantages compared to cast-in-situ piles. The construction process of both precast and cast-in-situ piles is explained.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    65 views60 pages

    Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology

    Uploaded by

    azwar
    This document is a presentation on deep foundations by a group of civil engineering students at Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology. It introduces deep foundations, including piles, piers, caissons, and different types of piles such as precast piles, cast-in-situ piles, concrete piles, steel piles and timber piles. It then focuses on precast piles, describing their design, shapes, uses, advantages and disadvantages compared to cast-in-situ piles. The construction process of both precast and cast-in-situ piles is explained.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 60

    AHSANULLAH UNIVERSITY OF

    SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY


    DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL
    ENGINEERING

    WELCOME TO OUR PRESENTATION

    GROUP NO-1
    WE THE GROUP MEMBERS:
    MD. BULBUL AHMED
    10.01.03.003
    MD.SHARIFUL ISLAM
    10.01.03.008
    MD.YOUSUF BIN AZIZ
    10.01.03.018
    ABU SAYED MD.TARIN
    10.01.03.020
    MD.FARHAN ABIR
    10.01.03.026
    MD.SABBIR KARIM
    10.01.03.037
    MD.YASIN
    10.01.03.038
    MD.EZAZ AHMED
    10.01.03.041
    S.M.RAHAT RAHMAN
    10.01.03.044
    MD.ABU RAIHAN
    10.01.03.049

    OUR TOPIC IS

    DEEP FOUNDATION
    SABBI
    R
    YASIN

    RAHAT

    PRESENTING BY
    BULBU
    L

    RAIHA
    N
    FARHA
    N

    Deep Foundation
    Foundation:

    Foundation is the lowest and


    supporting layer of a structure.

    Geotechnical engineers design foundations based on


    the load characteristics of the structure.

    FOUNDATION

    SHALLOW
    FOUNDATION

    DEEP FOUNDATION

    The most common forms of construction pertaining to deep


    foundation are :

    PILES

    PIERS

    CAISSONS

    Shallow Foundation

    RAFT

    Deep Foundation

    AST IN SITU PILEPRECAST PILE

    PILES

    CAISSONS

    PIERS

    Classification of Piles
    Depending upon materials used in their manufacture,
    piles can be classified as :
    a)
    Concrete Piles
    i) Cast-In-Place or cast-in-situ Piles
    ii) Pre-cast Piles
    iii) Pre-stressed concrete Piles
    b) Steel Piles
    c) Timber Piles
    d) Composite Piles

    DIFFERENT TYPES OF
    PILES

    PRECAST PILE

    Definition & Explanation

    PRE-CAST PILE: Pre means before & cast


    means made. So precast pile refers to a pile that
    has made before it is being used.

    PRECASTPILE

    Why and Where it is used?


    Pre cast pile is used for extra heavy weight
    structure because it can ensure full strength by
    proper maintaining.
    It can be used under water.
    There is no possibility of the reinforcements
    getting displaced.
    There is no possibility of the voids being left.
    Not to attack by corrosive constituents in the
    soil and the sub-soil water.

    SHAPES OF PRE-CAST
    PILES

    HEXAGONAL

    CIRCULAR

    RECTANGULAR

    DESIGN OF PRECAST PILE

    Structure of Precast pile & Related


    Information

    By the soil test, we would be find the depth of penetrate.


    By which length of a pile can be determined.
    After determine the total weight of the building, we would find
    the number of piles.
    The diameter of the pile normally varies from 35 cm to 65 cm
    and their length varies from 20 ft to 30 ft.
    Besides bearing load for easy transportation & movement big
    weir or reinforcement is used in the pre cast pile.
    For easy driven rectangular pile is often made.

    Longitudinal reinforcement usually consists of one bar 20 mm to


    50mm in diameter at each angle of the section of the pile.
    The vertical rods are tied horizontally by bars 6mm to 10mm in
    diameter.
    The horizontal bars may be provided in the form of stirrups
    wound around the verticals.
    Pile shoe & pile stirrup is used in the lower part of the pile to
    driven the pile easily.

    CASING

    SOIL CONDITION
    Soil suitability
    Suitable in a wide

    range of soil conditions


    Working loads in excess
    of 1000kN
    Useful for very deep
    piling upto 40 m
    In soft ground or in
    aggressive or
    contaminated soils

    Bearing Capacity

    High bearing capacity


    Concrete formations
    around the contracted
    sections increase the
    capacity.
    Compact soil &
    increase the bearing
    capacity

    Process of Precast pile

    Steel form is used for the precast pile


    manufacture.
    Before pore the concrete in to the
    form, Mobil or other kind of oil have
    been used.
    cement, sand ,aggregate ratio is
    normally 1:2:4 in pre cast pile.
    But to make the foundation stronger
    mix ratio is used 1:1.5:3
    When the concrete pore in the steel
    form it would be ramming by the
    vibrator.

    Picture of Processing Precast pile

    Curing & Driving


    After 3 days, pile have been covering
    by the sheet.
    After 3 days of casting, steel form
    would be removed.
    Then the piles would be prepare for 4
    weeks curing.
    Then the piles are transported to the site
    for driving

    Picture of Curing

    Picture of Driving

    Advantages of Precast Pile

    Cast well before work.


    Well supervised
    Reinforcement remain in their proper position
    Can be driven under water
    After driven they can be loaded soon
    We can get required strength
    Detect the damage before use
    Properly cured by water

    Disadvantages of Precast Pile

    Difficult to manufacture
    Not economical
    Subject to longitudinal and transverse cracking
    Not aesthetic
    Not appropriate for curved or flared structures
    Complicated for skews

    Reinforcement of the Site

    Main rod 22 mm diameter


    Stirrup 10 mm diameter 60 grade
    Spacing on stirrup 4~6~4
    Some extra16 mm rod was provide in both two end due to
    pressure
    extra rod length is 3.5
    Clear cover 2 for subsurface
    Stirrup hook bend at 135 degree & bending portion is 3
    long Steel shuttering
    Triangle pile shoe was set in the bottom of the pile

    Difference of Theoretical & Practical


    Practical

    Theoretical
    We can joint two pile
    together

    We use one pile to


    drive.

    Maximum length 40 ft

    They use 50~55 ft pile

    All of the test have to

    They only do some test

    done before use

    in site

    Cast In Situ Pile

    WHAT IS CAST-IN-SITU PILES?

    Cast in situ piles are those piles which are


    cast in position in side the ground.
    Reinforcements are necessary to be provided
    in a cast in situ Piles , when the pile acts as a
    column and is subjected to a lateral force.

    WHAT IS CAST-IN-SITU PILES?

    PURPOSE OF CAST-IN-SITU PILE

    Load Transmission
    Load Resistance

    TYPES OF CAST IN SITU PILES


    SIMPLEX PILE

    FRANKI PILE

    TYPES OF CAST IN SITU PILES


    VIBRO PILE

    VIBRO EXPANDED PILE

    TYPES OF CAST IN SITU PILES


    RAYMOND PILE

    MAC ARTHUR PILE

    CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE OF CAST IN SITU PILE

    LOOSANING OF SOIL
    I.

    Cutting and Scraping


    Boring Grab
    Cutting Teeth For Rotary Drilling
    ii. Ripping
    iii. Percussion

    REMOVAL OF SOIL
    Intermittent

    Transport
    Rope Grab
    Rotary Drill

    CONTINUOUS TRANSPORT
    Flush Drilling
    Continuous Auger

    TEMPORARY SUPPORT
    Drill Casing

    Vibrating
    Oscillating
    Rotating

    DRILLING MUD

    Water
    Bentonite
    Polymer

    ENLARGED BASE

    Under reaming
    Grouting
    Plug Expulsion
    CASTING Of Pile

    Reinforcem
    ent

    Concret
    e Mix

    Casting
    of
    Concret
    e

    BORING PROCESS
    Choice of place and boring machine

    FIELD TANK AND REMOVAL OF OVERFLOWING


    WATER

    THE PROCESS OF CASTING


    Insertion of temporary casing with shoe

    THE PROCESS OF CASTING


    Placement of reinforcement

    THE PROCESS OF CASTING


    CASTING OF CONCRETE

    THE PROCESS OF CASTING


    CASTING OF CONCRETE

    THE PROCESS OF CASTING


    Removal of temporary tube and finish of
    casting

    COMPARISON BETWEEN THEORY AND PRACTICAL


    FIELD

    Theoretically
    Pouring of
    Concrete and
    Withdrawing of
    steel tube
    gradually
    Polymer,
    Bentonite, or
    Steel Case is

    Practical Field
    Steel tube is
    withdrawn after
    28 days
    Only Bentonite
    solution is used
    Only Rotary drill
    is used

    DIFFICULTIES OF PILEING AND HOW TO


    OVERCOME THIS

    PROBLEM

    SOLUTION

    Rocky layer of
    soil with stone
    Rising water
    from the bottom
    of hole
    Corrosion can be
    occurred

    Abort drilling
    Pump the water.
    Best, use
    precast pile
    Soil test is
    needed.
    Corrosion
    resistant cement

    ADVANTAGES OF CAST-IN-SITU PILES

    Cannot be used under water


    Displacement of reinforced
    Dumping of concrete from a great height
    Inspection is not possible; voids may be left
    Contact of water of concrete to the dry soil
    if uncased
    Freshly laid concrete is susceptible to soil
    components
    Driving of adjacent piles may rupture shellless cast-in-situ pile

    DISADVANTAGES OF CAST-IN-SITU PILES

    Cannot be used under water


    Displacement of reinforced
    Dumping of concrete from a great height
    Inspection is not possible; voids may be left
    Contact of water of concrete to the dry soil if uncased
    Freshly laid concrete is susceptible to soil components
    Driving of adjacent piles may rupture shell-less cast-insitu pile

    ANY QUERY ???

    THANK YOU

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