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    Probeml 11 4 3

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    Yahyah Nahaboo
    A rectification column separates a feed mixture of benzene and toluene. The column is given a distillate composition of 90% benzene and bottoms of 10% benzene, with a reflux ratio of 4.52:1. Using McCabe-Thiele and graphical methods: - The distillate and bottoms rates are calculated to be 50 kmol/h each. - The number of theoretical plates is 4.9. - The minimum number of plates at total reflux is 3.9. - The minimum reflux ratio is 0.82.

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    Probeml 11 4 3

    Uploaded by

    Yahyah Nahaboo
    58 views16 pages
    A rectification column separates a feed mixture of benzene and toluene. The column is given a distillate composition of 90% benzene and bottoms of 10% benzene, with a reflux ratio of 4.52:1. Using McCabe-Thiele and graphical methods: - The distillate and bottoms rates are calculated to be 50 kmol/h each. - The number of theoretical plates is 4.9. - The minimum number of plates at total reflux is 3.9. - The minimum reflux ratio is 0.82.

    Original Description:

    Question 11 4 3

    Original Title

    probeml 11 4 3

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    A rectification column separates a feed mixture of benzene and toluene. The column is given a distillate composition of 90% benzene and bottoms of 10% benzene, with a reflux ratio of 4.52:1. Using McCabe-Thiele and graphical methods: - The distillate and bottoms rates are calculated to be 50 kmol/h each. - The number of theoretical plates is 4.9. - The minimum number of plates at total reflux is 3.9. - The minimum reflux ratio is 0.82.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    58 views16 pages

    Probeml 11 4 3

    Uploaded by

    Yahyah Nahaboo
    A rectification column separates a feed mixture of benzene and toluene. The column is given a distillate composition of 90% benzene and bottoms of 10% benzene, with a reflux ratio of 4.52:1. Using McCabe-Thiele and graphical methods: - The distillate and bottoms rates are calculated to be 50 kmol/h each. - The number of theoretical plates is 4.9. - The minimum number of plates at total reflux is 3.9. - The minimum reflux ratio is 0.82.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    Sample Problem #7:

    A rectification column is fed 100kg mol/h of a mixture


    of 50 mol % benzene and 50 mol % toluene at
    101.32 kPa abs pressure. The feed is liquid at the
    boiling point. The distillate is to contain 90 mol %
    benzene and the bottoms 10 mol % benzene. The
    reflux ratio is 4.52:1. Calculate the kg mol/h distillate,
    kg mol/h bottoms, and the number of theoretical trays
    needed using the McCabe-Thiele method. Using
    graphical methods, calculate the minimum reflux ratio
    Rm and the minimum number of theoretical plates at
    total reflux.

    Equilibrium data at column pressure, mole fraction benzene


    x

    0.10

    0.21

    0.60

    0.79

    0.20

    0.37

    0.70

    0.86

    0.30

    0.51

    0.80

    0.91

    0.40

    0.64

    0.90

    0.96

    0.50

    0.72

    0.95

    0.98

    Solution:
    Step 1: Draw diagram

    100 kgmols/h
    Feed
    (liquid at
    boiling point)
    xF = 0.5

    total
    condenser
    L0

    L0
    R=
    4.52
    Distilling
    D
    Column
    101.32
    kPa

    Rmin = ?

    n=?
    nmin = ?

    Distillate = ?
    xD = 0.9

    partial
    reboiler

    Bottoms = ?
    xB = 0.1

    Step 2: Plot equilibrium data on McCabe-Thiele


    diagram
    BENZENE TOLUENE SYSTEM
    1
    0.8

    0.6
    0.4
    0.2
    0
    0

    0.2

    0.4

    0.6
    x

    0.8

    Step 3: Plot xD, xF, and xD on


    Benzene-Toluene System
    1
    0.8

    0.6
    0.4
    0.2
    0
    0

    xB=0.1

    0.2

    0.4

    xF=0.5

    0.6

    0.8

    xD=0.9

    Note: xD, xF, and xB on the diagonal are a point of upper


    operating line, feed line, and lower operating line

    Step 4: Plot rectifying operating line


    Equation of upper operating line:

    y n1

    xD
    R

    xn
    R 1
    R 1

    xD
    0.9

    0.163
    y-intercept =
    R 1 4.52 1

    Benzene-Toluene System
    1
    Rectifying
    Operating
    Line

    0.8

    0.6
    0.4
    0.2

    y-int.
    =0.163

    0
    0

    0.2

    0.4

    0.6
    x

    0.8

    Step 5: Plot feed line


    Since feed is saturated liquid (liquid at the boiling point),
    quality q = 1 and feed line is vertical
    Benzene-Toluene System
    1
    0.8

    Feed Line

    0.6
    0.4
    0.2
    0
    0

    0.2

    0.4

    0.6
    x

    0.8

    Step 6: Plot stripping operating line


    Note: The lower operating line will also intersect at the
    intersection of feed line and upper operating line.
    Benzene-Toluene System
    1

    Stripping
    Operating line

    0.8

    0.6
    0.4
    0.2
    0
    0

    0.2

    0.4

    0.6
    x

    0.8

    Step 7: Step off stages


    Benzene-Toluene System
    1

    0.8

    0.6
    y

    5
    0.4

    6
    N=5.9

    0.2
    0
    0

    0.2

    0.4

    0.6

    0.8

    N = 5.9 = theoretical trays + reboiler = n + 1


    n = 4.9 theoretical trays

    Step 8: To get D and B, set up material balances

    Total balance
    F=D+B

    More volatile component balance


    xFF = xDD + xBB
    0.5(100) = 0.9D + 0.1B

    Solving these two equations


    D = 50 kmols/h
    and B = 50 kmols/h

    Step 9: To determine Nmin, step off stages using


    diagonal as overall operating line
    At total reflux, R = and y-intercept of the upper operating line =0;
    overall operating line coincides with the diagonal
    Benzene-Toluene System
    1
    0.8

    0.6
    0.4
    0.2

    Nmin= 4.9

    0
    0

    0.2

    0.4

    0.6
    x

    0.8

    Step 10: To determine Rmin, locate pinch point


    Benzene-Toluene System
    1

    Pinch point

    0.8
    0.6
    y

    y-int for Rm = 0.495


    0.4
    0.2
    0
    0

    0.2

    0.4

    0.6
    x

    0.8

    y-int of rectifying line =

    xD
    R 1

    0.90
    0.495
    Rm 1
    Rm = 0.82

    Answers:
    D = 50 kmols/h and B = 50 kmols/h
    n = 4.9 theoretical trays
    nmin = 3.9
    Rm = 0.82

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